著者

大森 理絵 長谷川 寿一

出版者

日本動物心理学会

雑誌

動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.1, pp.3-14, 2009 (Released:2009-07-28)

参考文献数

48

被引用文献数

1 1

---

Based on results of molecular phylogenetic analyses and archaeological evidences, most researchers believe that the dog is descended from the wolf and that east Asia was the central place for the early events of domestication around 15,000-20,000BP. Many different theories of domestication have been proposed in respect of the evolutionary mechanism, and each theory can explain a particular aspect of the process which has different evolutionary backgrounds by its stage and phase. The dog is established in modern society as a companion animal. It has physiological and psychological benefits to human, which include facilitating therapy, reducing stress, and socialization. In addition to that, the dog has positive effects on child development and elderly people.

著者

荒川 礼行 荒川 圭子

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR ANIMAL PSYCHOLOGY

雑誌

動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.73.2.1, (Released:2023-10-04)

参考文献数

46

---

Empirical studies on behavior using animal models provide irreplaceable tools for dissecting intricate neural circuits into multiple output modules that concomitantly regulate segmented components of behavior. Recent technical advancement in the manipulation and measurement of neural cell/circuit activities in freely behaving animals allow us to bridge the gap between neural processes and behavior expression. While neural signals are processed on the second timescales, the nature of behavior is time-consuming effort to gain interaction with environmental stimuli for adaptation. Therefore, a bundle of neural activities cannot simply represent entire behavioral processes, but rather segmented behavior components. Hence, we must reconsider how such bundles compose total outputs forming functional set of behavior, and thus, how integrated behavior can be broken into neural modular components, such as sensory detection, element recognition, behavior drive, and action/movement execution, by neural activity timescale units. Our refined protocol on behavioral studies is more effective in terms of determining what we observe in animal behavior and how we interpret neuro behavior relationship for vital contribution to basic and translational studies.

著者

川島 菫 池田 譲

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR ANIMAL PSYCHOLOGY

雑誌

動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.2, pp.91-99, 2019 (Released:2019-12-18)

参考文献数

42

---

Octopuses, a member of molluscan class, possess well-developed nervous system such as lens eyes that is anatomically similar to our own, and the relative proportion of brain to body is equivalent to vertebrates. Octopuses are also characterized with their muscular highly sensitive sensory receptors, namely, suckers on their arms. Due to these biological uniqueness, octopuses have been a target for psychological studies and were reported their advanced abilities for learning and memory, which are achieved via visual and tactile perceptions. All of these findings have come from experiments that tested single sensory perception (i.e., visual or tactile). On the other hand, it is known in vertebrates that they can integrate multiple sensory information, by which they can vividly image their environments. In this review, we will briefly introduce our knowledge for biology of octopuses with special reference to their cognition, and we will shed light on an idea for cross-modal perception in octopuses, which is based on our on-going projects for visual and tactile learning, and manipulation of arms in tropical octopuses inhabiting the coastal waters of the Ryukyu Archipelago.

著者

乾 敏郎

出版者

日本動物心理学会

雑誌

動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1005130062, (Released:2010-05-24)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

3

---

In this paper, we propose three hypotheses about language understanding. One of the fundamental and important components of language processing is assignment of a thematic role to each word in a sentence, based on word order and particles or prepositions. Therefore, we first discuss the brain mechanism of thematic role assignment, followed by a discussion of the brain mechanism for outlining the meaning of a sentence. We then evaluate the function of the mirror neuron system in language understanding. Finally, we discuss the brain mechanisms of mental perspective shift and hierarchical processing in language comprehension.

著者

村山 美穂

出版者

日本動物心理学会

雑誌

動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.1, pp.91-99, 2012 (Released:2012-07-27)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

1

---

Various studies have shown the associations between individual differences in human behavioral traits and genetic polymorphism of neurotransmitter-related proteins such as receptor, transporter and monoamine oxidase. To insight the genetic background of animal behavior, corresponding regions in animals have been analyzed. Especially the study has been promoted in dogs as the socially closest animal to humans. In dogs allele distributions of several genes were different among breeds showing different behavioral traits, and genes associating individual difference in aggressiveness and aptitude of working dogs were surveyed. The survey of behavior-related genes is also carried out in other mammals such as primates, horses and cetaceans and also in birds. The marker genes for behavior will provide useful information for better relationship with companion dogs and effective selection of working dogs.

著者

松井 大

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR ANIMAL PSYCHOLOGY

雑誌

動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.2, pp.69-80, 2019 (Released:2019-12-18)

参考文献数

82

被引用文献数

1

---

Animal foraging behaviour has evolved in tight association with diverse forms of body structures species-specifically, because morphology shapes and affects perception, information processing, and subsequent motor control. Primates including humans possess skillful sensorimotor control such as tool-using, utilizing their arm-hand morphology. Birds also are capable of dexterous visually-guided behaviors despite the largely different body structures. This raises a question: what and how the body morphology constrains/facilitates behaviors in birds? The present article reviews research advance of sensorimotor control in birds. Specifically, it would be discussed about pecking, the analogous behavior to reaching and grasping in primates and tool-using. The author would suggest a research direction with the morpho-functional and embodiment views for comparative research on sensorimotor mechanisms underlying the dexterous foraging skills.

著者

片平 健太郎

出版者

日本動物心理学会

雑誌

動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.66.2.4, (Released:2016-12-05)

参考文献数

43

---

Mathematical or computational models have played important roles in investigating animal behaviors and underlying processes. A traditional approach in psychology to evaluate such models is "qualitative" one, which examines whether the model can explain observed phenomena or not. In contrast, "quantitative" approaches, which evaluate how well the model can account for the observed data compared to alternative models, have been proved useful especially in neuroscience. This article reviews the quantitative approaches to model evaluation. The advantages and limitations of the quantitative approaches are discussed. The author suggest that the quantitative and qualitative approaches are complimentary and jointly provide a powerful framework for investigating psychological processes underlying animal learning and behaviors.

著者

澤 幸祐 後藤 和宏

出版者

日本動物心理学会

雑誌

動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.2, pp.47-49, 2014 (Released:2014-12-22)

参考文献数

14

出版者

日本動物心理学会

雑誌

動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.2, pp.169-179, 2011 (Released:2011-12-19)

著者

岡市 廣成 上北 朋子

出版者

日本動物心理学会

雑誌

動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.66.1.1, (Released:2016-03-15)

参考文献数

7

著者

井深 信男

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR ANIMAL PSYCHOLOGY

雑誌

動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.2, pp.109-120, 1997-12-15 (Released:2009-10-13)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

高橋 阿貴

出版者

日本動物心理学会

雑誌

動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.2, pp.147-162, 2012 (Released:2013-01-28)

参考文献数

68

---

This review is an introduction to a recently developed technology “optogenetics” that allows researchers to directly manipulate the activity of aimed neurons with millisecond (ms) order in a behaving animal. Two types of microbial opsin, channel rhodopsin 2 (ChR2) and halorhodopsin (NpHR), are commonly used as the tools for optogenetics. ChR2 responds to blue light to induce neuronal firing via cation influx, whereas NpHR responds to yellow light to inhibit neuronal activity via Cl- influx. This review first introduces these and other opsins that have been used for optogenetics. Next, three methods to introduce these foreign genes into mouse nervous system are going to be explained: 1) viral infection, 2) in utero electrophoresis, and 3) transgenic mouse. Then, this review illustrates how neuron-type specific expression of the opsin gene can be achieved, and also how the optic stimulation of opsins that expresses in the deep brain structure can be accomplished. Finally, how the optogenetic technique has been used for behavioral neuroscience will be discussed by focusing on the studies about amygdala microcircuit that mediates conditioned fear.

著者

力丸 裕

出版者

日本動物心理学会

雑誌

動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.1, pp.27-40, 2003 (Released:2008-01-30)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

1

---

The neural base of the bat's biosonar system is discussed here. The bat emits complex biosonar sounds (pulses) and listens to echoes for orientation and hunting flying insects. Different types of biosonar information are carried by different parameters characterizing pulse-echo pairs. For example, distance information is conveyed by echo delay, while velocity information is carried by Doppler shift. In the auditory cortex of the bat, not only frequency but also other information baring parameters such as echo delay and Doppler shift are systematically mapped as subareas. These computational maps greatly depend on subcortical signal processing. The subcortical auditory nuclei create delay lines and multipliers (or AND gates) for processing distance (echo delay) information, and also create level-tolerant frequency tuning and multipliers (or AND gates) for processing velocity (Doppler shift) information. These multipliers are called FM-FM and CF/CF combination sensitive neurons, respectively. The neurophysiological investigations of the bat's biosonar system provide an excellent database for neural computational models and sonar systems. Application of an agonist of inhibitory neurotransmitter to DSCF or FM-FM area behaviorally revealed the functions of these auditory subareas. Findings made by an on-board telemetry microphone from flying bats confirmed Doppler-shift compensation.

著者

狩野 文浩

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR ANIMAL PSYCHOLOGY

雑誌

動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.69.1.1, (Released:2019-04-17)

参考文献数

50

---

Birds and primates typically attend to an object of interest using sensitive spots in the retina (i.e. the fovea). Therefore, the direction of their gaze indicates their focus of attention. Recent technological advances in miniature wearable devices allow us to examine birds' gaze behaviors in detail when they are freely moving, and even when they are flying. In this review, I aim to outline current knowledge about how birds use their gaze to attend to an object of interest, and what they are attending to when they are engaging in various natural activities, such as navigation, vigilance, and social interaction. I also aim to outline both strengths and limitations of techniques available for bird gaze-tracking. As a relevant example, I introduce a recent study that utilized Inertial Measurement Unit to examine how pigeons move their gaze while attending to landscapes and flockmates during their homing flights. Overall, I believe that recent sensor technologies offer a promising avenue for examining birds' visual attention and the associated mental processes in natural contexts.

著者

山田 弘司

出版者

日本動物心理学会

雑誌

動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.62.1.5, (Released:2012-06-29)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1

---

This study surveys dairy farmers' ways of raising, sense of animal welfare, and emotional impressions on their cows, and discusses their personification to livestock in contrast with that to companion animals. The farmers have professional knowledge and skills to feed and handle the cows. They get a living from keeping cows, considering the cost and benefit. This economy-based view sometimes leads to the desertion of treatment on disordered livestock. Companion animal owners usually keep their animals with no such economy-based but emotion-based view. Farmers' “employer-employee” relationship to their cows would interfere with the personification attitudes. This author compared the attitudes of 187 dairy farmers and 218 collage students, reveals the dairy farmers show more sensitivity to animal welfare and more favorable impression and stronger personification, such as “child-like” and “family-like” views. Thus emotion-based attitudes and the personification would be caused in any situations with human-animal interactions, regardless of the roles and the professional knowledge of animals. As a calming effect of handling for experimental animals and decreased escape distance on intimately reared cows show, animals interacted with human also have the emotion-based affection or emotional bond.

著者

藤田 和生

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR ANIMAL PSYCHOLOGY

雑誌

動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.2, pp.209-215, 1998-12-15 (Released:2009-10-13)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

2

著者

今野 晃嗣 長谷川 壽一 村山 美穂

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR ANIMAL PSYCHOLOGY

雑誌

動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.64.1.2, (Released:2014-03-01)

参考文献数

78

被引用文献数

1 1

---

Individual animals show consistent differences in their behavioral tendencies. Some individuals are generally bolder, shyer, or more aggressive than others. This phenomenon is termed as animal personality or behavioral syndrome, and it has been observed in a wide range of animal species. In this article, we review the personality concepts and methodologies that has been used in two major study fields on this topic, i.e. the animal personality psychology and the behavioral syndrome research. Then, we shed light on how we can understand consistency in individual behavioral tendencies and how we can describe individual differences in animal behavior, by focusing on the differences and similarities between two study fields. Finally, we emphasize the importance of evolutionary framework for an integrated understanding of personality in non-human animals.

著者

渡辺 茂

出版者

日本動物心理学会

雑誌

動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.2, pp.147-157, 2008 (Released:2008-12-24)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

1

---

Neuroanatomy is a science of form, whereas cognitive science is a science of function. Comparative neuroanatomy and comparative cognition, however, share a common interest, that is, the evolution of form and function. Pigeons and humans show apparently similar higher visual cognition, but their brain mechanisms are different. Functional constraints caused by differences in the brain structures are still unknown. Interpretation of function by form is the traditional way of explanation in biological sciences, and hence the integration of comparative neuroanatomy and comparative cognition should provide such an approach.

著者

石田 雅人 渡邉 創太

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR ANIMAL PSYCHOLOGY

雑誌

動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.71.2.1, (Released:2021-10-11)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

1

著者

関 義正

出版者

日本動物心理学会

雑誌

動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.2, pp.101-111, 2019

被引用文献数

1

---

<p>Rhythmic entrainment, or synchronization, to musical rhythm is universally observed in almost all human culture; however, in non-human animals, this kind of behavior has been demonstrated only by some specific species. Thus, exploring the evolutional origin and the psychological substrate for this capability is an attractive research topic. This article reviews recent studies tackling this question and relevant researches, then, introduces a hypothesis explaining the origin of the prominent capability for rhythmic synchronization in humans.</p>