著者

小山田 晋

出版者

北海道大学大学院農学研究院

雑誌

北海道大学農經論叢 (ISSN:03855961)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, pp.1-10, 2023-03-31

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This paper proposes a concept termed“ethical economic activity,”which means economic activities that aim to contribute to society or environmental conservation through corporate management or consumption, and examines what kind of approach can promote social consensus about the morality of ethical economic activity. The market failures approach by Heath is introduced to consider how economic activities come to have morality. Based on this approach, profit maximization strategies that utilize market imperfections are judged to lack morality. Then, Senʼs“realization-focused comparison”approach, which aims to correct injustice, and“public deliberation,”which promotes realization-focused comparison, are introduced and public deliberation is shown to be necessary to evaluate economic externalities. Then the role of corporations as an intermediary of public deliberation is shown through the discussion by Herrmann-Pillath and Boldyrev. Finally, to make a baseline for implementing realization-focused comparison, this paper proposes an evaluative framework for ethical economic activities by corporations.

著者

竹田 駆 東山 寛

出版者

北海道大学大学院農学研究院

雑誌

北海道大学農經論叢 (ISSN:03855961)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, pp.21-30, 2022-03-31

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Non-family-type farm succession has been attracting attention in recent years as an effective way to compensate for the shortage of bearers for agriculture and to maintain local resources, such as farmland, by transferring the resourses to unrelated persons, even if there is no successor in the family. Non-family-type farm succession has two aspects-new entrants and management succession-and many problems remain to be solved in the implementation. This paper focuses on the case of Daichi Ltd, a subsidiary of JA in Tsubetsu, Hokkaido, in order to clarify the role of related organizations in facilitating non-family-type farm succession. It is clear that Daichi has contributed to the establishment of a support system for non-family type farm succession in the region and has become the core of the system, playing a role in building and maintaining trust between transferors and successors, and thereby addressing issues and contributing to the facilitation of management succession.

著者

柳 京熙

出版者

北海道大学農学部農業経済学科

雑誌

北海道大学農經論叢 (ISSN:03855961)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, pp.47-54, 1997-03

著者

渡辺 克司

出版者

北海道大学農学部農業経済学科

雑誌

北海道大学農經論叢 (ISSN:03855961)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, pp.175-196, 1990-03

著者

金 玉善 山本 美穂 朴 紅

出版者

北海道大学大学院農学研究科

雑誌

北海道大学農經論叢 (ISSN:03855961)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, pp.39-51, 2006-03-24

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Chinese national forestry stations have been engaged in various and unique community services in each to their jurisdiction. But since the latter half of the 1980's, forest management has faced serious problems, such as depletion of forest resources due to destruction of virgin forests over a long period and managerial difficulties in the midst of economic reform and liberalization. Under the natural forest protection policy in 1998, production of timber, which was a major product, was strictly regulated, and production of non - timber and forestry products were emphasized as the second and third forestry industries. In this paper the following facts have become clear ; 1) rationalization and reform for the forest community and administrative services are implemented at a fast pace and 2) various countermeasures are taken for diversified businesses through group operation, including a subcontract work system, organizing a business corporation, and a commissioned operation system. As for the administrative reform, abolishment or merger of divisions as well as establishment of new divisions are promoted. Now Chinese national forest community requires management abilities that have never been seen before.

著者

上野 綾 小林 国之

雑誌

北海道大学農經論叢 (ISSN:03855961)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, pp.87-97, 2020-12-31

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In recent years, the labor shortage in agriculture has become more serious, and it has become difficult to secure the temporary labor force that has been procured in the region. On the other hand, young people are becoming more interested in rural areas, and the temporary labor force may be an opportunity for exchange between urban and rural areas. In this article, we analyze the acquisition of agricultural part-time workers not only as a means of securing a labor force but also from the perspective of exchange between urban and rural areas in order to discuss a new solution to the problem of securing a labor force in agriculture. This study (1) considers the possibility for agricultural part-time workers to attract people with diverse interests to the region, (2) analyzes the cooperation implementation system between agriculture and other efforts and the host entity, (3) and clarifies the establishment of relationships with the region by people who visit the region through agricultural part-time jobs. When considering an agricultural part-time job as a form of urban-rural exchange, it is necessary for the area that provides the agricultural part-time job to be aware of the interests of employees and to build a business that makes the best use of the characteristics of the area. In addition to farm work hours, it is also important for the employer side to provide opportunities for exchange, such as exchange time and participation in local events.

著者

大鎌 邦雄

出版者

北海道大学農学部農業経済学教室

雑誌

北海道大学農經論叢 (ISSN:03855961)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, pp.70-93, 1972-03

著者

玉 真之介

出版者

北海道大学農学部農業経済学科

雑誌

北海道大学農經論叢 (ISSN:03855961)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, pp.229-254, 1982-03

著者

橋本 直史

出版者

北海道大学大学院農学研究科

雑誌

北海道大学農經論叢 (ISSN:03855961)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, pp.117-127, 2006-03-24

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The Standardization of crops has made distribution efficient and widespread. However the role of "Standardization" has shifted to price making. The reasons are as follows : the price of crops has been decreasing, the numbers of imported crops are increasing, and the distribution system is changing. There have been only a few studies on the standardization of crops in Japan. The purpose of this paper is to trace the changes of standardization process in Japan and its background, as well as to examine the function of standardization and its effect in each era.

著者

小山 良太

出版者

北海道大学大学院農学研究科

雑誌

北海道大学農經論叢 (ISSN:03855961)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, pp.57-73, 2001-03

著者

山本 康貴 増田 清敬 稲永 直人

出版者

北海道大学大学院農学研究院

雑誌

北海道大学農經論叢 (ISSN:03855961)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, pp.19-24, 2008-06-10

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This study analyzed the emission trends of greenhouse gases and the measures against global warming in the New Zealand (NZ) agriculture sector. The NZ agriculture sector has the largest impact for greenhouse gas emission in NZ. Especially, methane emissions from enteric fermentation of sheep, dairy cattle, and non-dairy cattle are significant sources. In accordance with the Kyoto Protocol, NZ’s target is to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions to the level they were in 1990.Measures against global warming in the NZ agriculture sector include reduction in breeding numbers (short-term) and the cutting of greenhouse gas emission factors for livestock through research and development (long-term). However, it is believed that the short-term reduction measure will have a large impact on farmers, such as agricultural income reduction, and the long-term reduction measure will take considerable time to reduce the effects of greenhouse gases.

著者

大鎌 邦雄

出版者

北海道大学農学部農業経済学教室

雑誌

北海道大学農經論叢 (ISSN:03855961)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, pp.148-170, 1973-02

著者

林 芙俊

出版者

北海道大学大学院農学研究院

雑誌

北海道大学農經論叢 (ISSN:03855961)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, pp.73-86, 2009-03-31

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The cooperative shipping system receives regulations from the historical development process. This becomes important for understanding the form and the function of the cooperative shipping system. In this study, the distinctiveness of the cooperative shipping system of Satsuma Mandarin in Ehime is analyzed by a comparison with Shizuoka. Characteristics of Cooperative shipping systems in both prefectures that succeeded prewar days are the following three points. The first point, whether it is a single-purpose cooperative or a multi-purpose cooperative depends on the development at prewar days. The second point, the base of shipping system is farmer's small-scale co-fruit sorting group. The third point, technical guidance to those farmers has been enhanced since prewar days.

著者

朴 紅

出版者

北海道大学大学院農学研究院

雑誌

北海道大学農經論叢 (ISSN:03855961)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, pp.81-91, 2011-03-31

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As paddy fields were developed rapidly at the end of the Twentieth Century, Northeast China, especially Heilongjiang Province, became the main production area of japonica rice. The paddy fields, which were mainly developed by State Farms, have formed a productive base centering on the Sanjiang Plain. Beidahuang Group, which has become a huge group corporation now, provides a tremendous amount of japonica rice. It was set up on the basis of Heilongjiang Agriculture Company Limited (HACL), which is an aggregate of 16 excellent farms gathered by Heilongjiang Bureau of State Farms for japonica rice production, processing and marketing in 2002. Beidahuang Group has established a japonica rice production and processing system with the 16 farms as its foundation. Part of the rice produced by the company is sold to major cities in China by the Department of Domestic Trade, which has led to the formation of a large sales network. Another part is exported to foreign countries, including Japan, via China Oil and Foodstuffs Corporation (COFCO). Regarding the sale of paddies, it is conducted through the companyユs Department of Cereal Trade. A certain portion is purchased by the government for state reserves and the rest is sold to wholesalers as self-run provisions.Beidahuang Group possesses an enormous amount of cultivated land for japonica rice. Despite several difficulties in sales, it is undeniable that the company has already occupied an important place in the domestic market for japonica rice.

著者

祖力 菲姫 買買 堤 志賀 永一 黒河 功

出版者

北海道大学大学院農学研究科

雑誌

北海道大学農經論叢 (ISSN:03855961)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, pp.43-53, 2004-03

著者

合崎 英男

出版者

北海道大学大学院農学研究院

雑誌

北海道大学農經論叢 (ISSN:03855961)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, pp.59-71, 2017-03-31

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The application of Case 1 Best-Worst Scaling (BWS) to empirical studies consists of the following steps: (1) establishing the objective of applying BWS, (2) writing a scenario where respondents evaluate items, (3) creating choice sets, (4) preparing a questionnaire survey, (5) implementing the survey, (6) preparing the data set for analysis of the responses, and (7) measuring the relative importance of items. This paper provides Japanese R beginners with an explanation of how the support. BWS and other packages in R are used for implementing this series of steps via an illustration of consumers' valuation of fruits.

著者

小寺 收

出版者

北海道大学農学部農業経済学科

雑誌

北海道大学農經論叢 (ISSN:03855961)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, pp.83-102, 1987-02

著者

朴 紅 青柳 斉 李 英花 郭 翔宇 張 錦女

出版者

北海道大学大学院農学研究院

雑誌

北海道大学農經論叢 (ISSN:03855961)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, pp.101-115, 2010-03-31

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North East China has attracted attention as it has become one of the few leading production areas of japonica rice. However, because of the expansion of rice production and the inadequate commodity flow system, there has been severe over-production since the production peak of 2003. It resulted in fierce competition among production areas there. Since then, there has been focus on product branding with variety, growing techniques, and marketing improvement etc. This study focuses on understanding the reasons behind the formation of the high-class brand rice production area in Wuchang City, Heilongjiang Province, which is famous for rice production in the past. In terms of marketing, independent rice polishing enterprises differentiated from the Food Bureau. Recently the farmers specialized cooperative has taken up the main responsibility of product branding. The foundation of the production area has two characteristics. The first one is that since many Korean farmers in this area go to their home country (Korea) to work, more and more of their land is lent to other farmers, resulting in a formation of large scale farming. The second one is that the quality of rice has spread with an improvement in variety and an improvement of organic rice production.

著者

師 耀軒 桟敷 孝浩 澤内 大輔 中谷 朋昭 山本 康貴

出版者

北海道大学農学部農業経済学教室

雑誌

北海道大学農經論叢 (ISSN:03855961)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, pp.97-104, 2009-03

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日本政府は、2002年に、外国人旅行者の訪日を促進する「グローバル観光戦略」を策定し、「2010年に訪日客1,000万人を」との目標を掲げたキャンペーンの実施を表明した。2003年1月には、当時の首相による施政方針演説の中で「わが国の文化・観光の魅力を全世界に紹介し、訪日外国人旅行者の増加とこれを通じた地域の活性化を図る」旨の"観光立国への道"が表明された。観光を主目的として訪日する外国人の増加を促進していく意義は、経済や地域の活性化だけではなく、国際相互理解の促進などの面からも極めて大きい。このため、いくつかの機関は、外国人観光客による日本国内での観光動向についての基礎データを得るために、外国人観光客に対するアンケート調査を実施している。このような基礎データは、政府による観光政策の立案や旅行会社によるマーケティング戦略の構築などに有益な情報を提供している。本論文の課題は、北海道大学在学中の留学生を対象者としたアンケート調査分析を通じ、留学生の日本国内における観光動向を明らかにすることである。

著者

小池 直 山本 康貴 出村 克彦

出版者

北海道大学

雑誌

北海道大学農經論叢 (ISSN:03855961)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, pp.129-139, 2006-03-24

被引用文献数

1