著者

遠藤 小太郎 吉田 真悟 中嶋 貴裕 行本 正雄 武田 邦彦

出版者

公益社団法人 日本金属学会

雑誌

日本金属学会誌 (ISSN:00214876)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.5, pp.420-426, 2006 (Released:2006-05-21)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

1 1

---

The respective awareness of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the Japanese government, media and citizens about the change of sea level at some future date due to climate change was surveyed and analyzed. Three official reports from the IPCC, the white paper on the Quality of the Environment in Japan from the government, the articles in the Asahi Shimbun newspaper from about the past 20 years, and the questionnaires by the Japanese and local governments conducted towards citizens were used. The results of this investigation were that the IPCC concluded in their past three reports that the sea level was estimated to be lower because of ice in the polar regions due to climate change, the Japanese government did not describe this point clearly, the newspaper drew the opposite conclusion from the IPCC and the understanding of citizens was that the change in climate caused the sea level to rise. These differences were due to the lack of or misunderstanding of scientific knowledge such as Archimedes's Principle and the migration of fluid materials, and to the psychological trend of human beings. It is necessary for the government and media to clearly explain and announce these scientific facts in a modern society which maintains a close relationship to science.

著者

川上 雄士 円城寺 隆志 毛利 茂樹 田中 宏季 高島 和希

出版者

公益社団法人 日本金属学会

雑誌

日本金属学会誌 (ISSN:00214876)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.2, pp.195-198, 2007

---

&nbsp;&nbsp;In this paper, we describe an experimental study of pulsed current sintered binderless tungsten carbide hard metal. The binderless tungsten carbide is expected to be a highly precious mold material used under high temperature and harsh conditions.<br> &nbsp;&nbsp; Low temperature and rapid sintering are achieved by the pulsed current sintering method. The developed material has more than 99% of relative density and Rockwell hardness of 96.5[HR30N] without applying hot isostatic press. Due to its rapid sintering, the material has fine microstructure and fine surface roughness. The polished surface roughness (Ra) is less than 3 nm.<br>

著者

金子 賢治 伊野家 浩司 佐藤 圭介 北脇 高太郎 東田 賢二 Ilke Arslan Paul A. Midgley

出版者

公益社団法人 日本金属学会

雑誌

まてりあ (ISSN:13402625)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.12, pp.786, 2007-12-01 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

4

著者

柴田 清 杉山 静一 斎藤 文良 早稲田 嘉夫

出版者

公益社団法人 日本金属学会

雑誌

日本金属学会誌 (ISSN:00214876)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.7, pp.809-816, 1999 (Released:2008-04-24)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

1 1

---

Automobile transportation is one of the predominant sources of air pollution, producing CO2, NOx, and SOx. The weight reduction of automobiles is essential for reducing the environmental burden during their life cycle. High-tension steel, aluminum alloy and resin are candidates for such purpose. However, substituting aluminum for steel is not always beneficial with respect to reducing the burden on the environment, because the energy consumption during aluminum production is considerably greater than that for steel. A generalized equation has been derived to describe the relationship between the driving distance, weight reduction, materials production route, and change in environmental performance. In particular, the effect of the difference of electricity source for aluminum smelting on life cycle CO2, NOx, and SOx, by substituting aluminum for steel in automobile parts, is discussed. The reduction of CO2 emission can be expected for all cases, if 50% of mass reduction is made. On the other hand, aluminum produced by the uncontrolled coal fire power is not capable of reducing NOx emission. It is also suggested that a reduction of SOx emission can only be obtained when using very clean aluminum.

著者

小川 芳樹 久松 敬弘 河村 和孝

出版者

公益社団法人 日本金属学会

雑誌

日本金属学会誌 (ISSN:00214876)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.10, pp.597-599, 1957 (Released:2008-04-04)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

1

---

A method for preparing protective coating on mild steel has been dealt with. The principle lies in that titanium can be deposited on a steel sheet when it is immersed side by side with a titanium sheet or titanium powder in a fused-salt bath consisting of NaCl, KCl or NaCl-KCl mixture. The thickness of the coating obtained depends mainly on temperature and time but not on the initial bath composition. Pyrosol of titanium may have been produced during the process. The microvickers hardness of the titanium coating has been found to be 400∼600 and a salt spray test has revealed high corrosion resistivity.

著者

川上 正博

出版者

公益社団法人 日本金属学会

雑誌

まてりあ (ISSN:13402625)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.7, pp.856-857, 1994-07-20 (Released:2011-08-11)

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

高木 節雄

出版者

公益社団法人 日本金属学会

雑誌

日本金属学会誌 (ISSN:00214876)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.4, pp.107-118, 2019-04-01 (Released:2019-03-25)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

8 14

---

Yielding and deformation behavior was overviewed for polycrystalline ferritic steels with various grain sizes and carbon contents. In the well-annealed ferritic steels, yielding is governed by the mechanism of grain refinement strengthening (GRS) and yield stress follows the Hall-Petch relation as to grain size. Conversely, yielding of cold rolled ferritic steels is governed by the mechanism of dislocation strengthening (DS) and yield stress follows the Bailey-Hirsch relation as to dislocation density. Under the same percentage of deformation, dislocation introduction is promoted with decreasing ferrite grain size and this results in higher yield stress (or flow stress) in specimens with smaller grain size. Yielding elongation appears due to the plastic instability that is realized during the change of strengthening mechanism from GRS to DS. Therefore, the extent of yielding elongation is determined in the relation between yield stress and work hardening behavior of matrix. Temper rolling plays a role to make the strengthening mechanism change from GRS to DS. When the extent of temper rolling is so small as about 1%, yield stress of temper rolled specimens is lowered below that of the as-annealed specimen. This is the reason why yield stress of the temper rolled specimen is lowered below that of as-annealed specimen. In the relation between GRS and DS, there is not additional but competitive relationship.

著者

宮崎 亨

出版者

公益社団法人 日本金属学会

雑誌

まてりあ (ISSN:13402625)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.9, pp.419-426, 2014 (Released:2014-09-01)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

北田 正弘 桐野 文良 山本 和弘

出版者

公益社団法人 日本金属学会

雑誌

日本金属学会誌 (ISSN:00214876)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.1, pp.85-89, 2007 (Released:2007-01-01)

参考文献数

22

---

The surface structure of a metallic mirror fabricated in the late Edo period has been investigated. A Sn layer of 100 nm thickness on the mirror surface is observed by cross-sectional Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Hg is detected in the Sn layer by EDX analysis. This means that the surface Sn layer of the mirror was fabricated using an Hg-amalgam technique. By AES measurement, an Sn-Cu alloy at the interface between the Sn layer and the Cu base metal is detected. The Sn surface has been oxidized. The oxide layer consists of SnO2, SnO•SnO2, SnO and Sn in order of increasing distance from the surface.

著者

砂野 豊治

出版者

公益社団法人 日本金属学会

雑誌

日本金属学会誌 (ISSN:00214876)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.12, pp.637-640, 1954 (Released:2008-04-04)

参考文献数

6

---

Pure nickel plplates rolled to several thickness were anneald at various temperature, and the manner of their isothermal sofenting was studied, by observing the changes in their tensile strength and the hardness in the progress of annealing. The results obtained were discussed in connection with the influences of the received cold working, for the sake of study on the mechanism of sofenting.

著者

宮本 吾郎 金下 武士 知場 三周 古原 忠

出版者

公益社団法人 日本金属学会

雑誌

日本金属学会誌 (ISSN:00214876)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.7, pp.339-347, 2015 (Released:2015-07-01)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

8 21

---

Attention to lath martensite and bainite in steels has been increasing due to their good mechanimcal properties. Various boundaries bewteen K-S variants contained in those microstructures contribute to their high strength and toughness so that deeper understand of nature of those boundaries is required. EBSD analyses have revealed that different variant grouping tendencies appear depending on composition and transformation temperature, such as variants belonging to the same Bain group, variants sharing the same close-packed plane parallel relationship. Kinematical compatibility (KC) condition can explain variant pairs coupled preferentially in lenticular and thin plate martensite satisfactory. In addition, it is revealed that some of the variant pairs observed in lath martensite and bainite are favorable for the KC condition when double shears are assuemd for lattice invariant shear.

著者

原 徹 田中 啓一 前畑 京介 満田 和久 山崎 典子 大崎 光明 大田 繁正

出版者

公益社団法人 日本金属学会

雑誌

まてりあ (ISSN:13402625)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.12, pp.630, 2009 (Released:2012-10-27)

参考文献数

2

著者

福原 実 高橋 達人

出版者

公益社団法人 日本金属学会

雑誌

まてりあ (ISSN:13402625)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.7, pp.594-596, 2000-07-20 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

服部 伴之 山口 哲央 間嶋 俊雄 寺嶋 和夫 吉田 豊信

出版者

公益社団法人 日本金属学会

雑誌

日本金属学会誌 (ISSN:00214876)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.1, pp.68-73, 1999

被引用文献数

3

---

Hot cluster epitaxy (HCE) is a novel high-rate epitaxial growth mechanism discovered in the study of the plasma flash evaporation method. In HCE, the main deposition species are thermally activated, nanometer-scale clusters (hot clusters), which have unique characteristics such as high internal energy and high sticking probability even at high substrate temperature. Actually, with HCE, deposition of YBa<SUB>2</SUB>Cu<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>7&minus;<I>x</I></SUB> epitaxial films at a growth rate of 16 nm/s on the SrTiO<SUB>3</SUB> substrate has been achieved. However, films thicker than 2 &mu;m could not be obtained so far. In this paper, we discuss the &ldquo;charge-up&rdquo; effect of clusters and insulating substrates in a plasma environment as a retarding factor for film growth. Probe measurements and the biasing deposition clarified the charge-up of clusters were charged up during deposition. It was found that more than 60% of the clusters were negatively charged. By using conductive substrates of Nb doped SrTiO<SUB>3</SUB>, or changing Ar composition in Ar-O<SUB>2</SUB> plasma, we could deposit monolayer-smooth epitaxial YBa<SUB>2</SUB>Cu<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>7&minus;<I>x</I></SUB> films thicker than 3 &mu;m, with excellent properties; the full width less than 0.14&deg; at half maximum of the X-ray rocking curve of the (005) peak, and the superconducting transition temperature of 92 K. These results suggest the future role of HCE in epitaxial thick film deposition.

著者

菅原 優

出版者

公益社団法人 日本金属学会

雑誌

まてりあ (ISSN:13402625)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.4, pp.165-169, 2014 (Released:2014-04-01)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

松尾 宗次

出版者

公益社団法人 日本金属学会

雑誌

まてりあ (ISSN:13402625)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.4, pp.284-289, 2007-04-01 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

23

著者

寺井 智之 掛下 知行

出版者

公益社団法人 日本金属学会

雑誌

まてりあ : 日本金属学会会報 (ISSN:13402625)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.5, pp.327-334, 2007-05-01

参考文献数

27

著者

寺井 智之 掛下 知行

出版者

公益社団法人 日本金属学会

雑誌

まてりあ (ISSN:13402625)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.5, pp.327-334, 2007-05-01 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

28

著者

渋谷 陽二 鳥生 純一 冨田 佳宏

出版者

公益社団法人 日本金属学会

雑誌

日本金属学会誌 (ISSN:00214876)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.8, pp.696-701, 1997 (Released:2008-04-04)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

1 1

---

A stress-induced phase transformation phenomenon is one of the hierarchical mechanical behaviors in which atomistic rearrangements are simultaneously and dually reflected to macroscopic strength of material. It has so far been recognized as one of the bifurcation problems in the fields of thermodynamics and continuum mechanics. Softening of phonon dispersion curves has also been acknowledged as precedence of transformation as well. Movements of atoms in an α-iron under uniaxial tension are first traced by the molecular dynamics (MD) simulations on the assumption of a constant applied stress ensemble proposed by Parrinello & Rahman. Stress dependency of phonon dispresion curves obtained from the deformed lattice structures are then examined. Bifurcation conditions derived from positive definiteness of strain energy in the whole deformed matters are, at the same time, investigated using analytical elastic constants defined from only an atomic configuration and the force constants which are the second derivative of an employed interatomic potential. It is found that softening of phonon dispersion curves, especially the long-wavelength acoustic branch, could correspond to the macroscopic bifurcation conditions over the scale.

著者

正藤 和男 仁木 栄次

出版者

公益社団法人 日本金属学会

雑誌

日本金属学会誌 (ISSN:00214876)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.5, pp.493-495, 1973 (Released:2008-04-04)

参考文献数

9

---

The mass absorption coefficients for X-ray of 13.3 Å (=CuLα) have been determined by the use of EPMA and a special composite target.The composite target was prepared by means of the evaporation of Al, Cr, Ni, Zn, Se, Zr, Sn, Sb, Gd, Au, Pb or Bi on Cu base in vacuum (∼10−5 mmHg).The mass absorption coefficients of these metals for the CuLα line were determined from the experimental results by the following equation:(This article is not displayable. Please see full text pdf.) \ oindentHere, I1 and I2 are relative intensities of CuLα line measured from the composite target with Al surface film of t1 g/cm2 and another surface film of t2 g/cm2, respectively, where t1 and t2 are the “equivalent thickness” to each other, and θ is a take-off angle of X-ray.