著者
Mizushige Takafumi Inoue Kazuo Fushiki Tohru
出版者
日本ビタミン学会
雑誌
Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.53, no.1, pp.1-4, 2007-02-01
参考文献数
35
被引用文献数
52

Fatty foods are very palatable. Most mammals, including humans, prefer high-fat food to low-fat food. Neuropeptides and neurotransmitters, which are related to the hedonic or aversive response in the brain, are released after a basic tastant (i.e., sweet, sour, salty, bitter or umami) is accepted by the taste receptors in the taste bud cells. In addition, recent evidence suggests that dietary fat, especially free fatty acids, may be perceived chemically in taste bud cells as well as the basic tastant. Recently, it was suggested that long-chain fatty acids accepted into CD36/FAT, a long-chain fatty acid transporter, in circumvallate papillae of the tongue play an extremely important role in the palatability of dietary fat. In this review, we describe the studies on the reception of fatty acids in the oral cavity, and on the signal transmission from the oral cavity to the brain. We hypothesize that long-chain fatty acids are recognized on the tongue, and then neuropeptides and neurotransmitters such as β-endorphin and dopamine are released in the brain. We suggest that this knowledge is one of the mechanisms of the palatability of dietary fat.
著者
吉澤 透 茅田 誠也
出版者
日本ビタミン学会
雑誌
ビタミン (ISSN:0006386X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.68, no.8, pp.478-480, 1994-08-25
著者
辻村 卓 小松原 晴美 荒井 京子 福田 知子
出版者
日本ビタミン学会
雑誌
ビタミン (ISSN:0006386X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.71, no.2, pp.67-74, 1997-02-25
被引用文献数
7

本実験の結果、ミネラルは各試料について、特徴的な年間の含有量変動をつかむことはできなかった。分析項目中、含有量の変動が比較的大であったカロチンとV.Cについて含有量変化の通年の変動が大きい試料、小さい試料に分けて示す。(1)栄養成分量が季節で変動する試料 カロチンとV.Cの充実期が重なるもの:キャベツは通年が出回り期であるが、12〜4月を両ビタミンの充実期としている。ミネラルは特に傾向を示していない。トマトは夏期にビタミンが充実していた。しかし、四訂食品成分表作成時とは異なる品種が店頭に出回っている。カロチン、V.Cとも成分表値を下回った。ほうれんそうは11〜3月の出回り期がビタミンの充実期であった。ミネラルでは季節による含有量の変化は認められなかった。カロチンとV.Cの充実期が異なるもの:かぼちゃはカロチンの含有量が2〜6月に充実していた。V.Cは3, 6, 12月に40mg以上となったが、7, 8月は低値であった。さやいんげんはV.Cが5, 6月に最高含有量であった。キウイフルーツはV.Cが1〜5月にやや低値であったが、年間を通じて高含有量(最低36mg)を維持した。カロチン含有量は低値であった。カロチンのみ変動:にんじんは通年が出回り期(10月が少し多い)であるが、カロチンは5〜10月に充実していた。ビタミンCのみ変動:ジャガイモはV.Cが5〜9月に充実していた。ミネラルでは季節による含有量の変化が認められなかった。(2)栄養成分量が季節で変動しない試料 セロリーの通年の測定平均値はカロチン77μg, V.C6mg/100gであるが、毎月の測定値もこれらに近いものであった。ピーマンの出回り期は5, 6月であるが、栄養成分、特にV.Cは通年にわたり高含有量(最低70mg)を維持した。
著者
上西 薫
出版者
日本ビタミン学会
雑誌
ビタミン (ISSN:0006386X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2, no.1, pp.21-23, 1949
著者
増田 桓一
出版者
日本ビタミン学会
雑誌
ビタミン (ISSN:0006386X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.3, no.4, pp.189-196, 1950-12-03
被引用文献数
1
著者
渡辺 保人 藤井 義正 菅野 栄
出版者
日本ビタミン学会
雑誌
ビタミン (ISSN:0006386X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.13, pp.599-602, 1957

Thiaminehydrochloride, thiaminedicetylsulfate, dibenzoylthiamine and thiaminemonorhodanate were added to various kinds of wheat flour and stored at room temperature for 30 days in summer, and then their stabilities were compared. The stabilities were found to be independent of the kind of flour. The stability was found to vary according to the kinds of derivatives.
著者
辻村 卓 日笠 志津 根岸 由紀子 奥崎 政美 竹内 周 成田 国寛
出版者
日本ビタミン学会
雑誌
ビタミン (ISSN:0006386X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.79, no.10, pp.497-502, 2005-10-25
被引用文献数
5

Japan used to be an agricultural country, which traditional agricultural method has been organic farming. Health of farmers, environmental preservation and fertility existed at that time. The fact that the introduction of agrichemicals and fertilizers has rapidly expanded production output must be appreciated but many advantages of organic farming were lost. Organic farming primarily aims at environmental preservation and sustainable agriculture. In this report, lettuce (Lactuca saliva L.), KOMATSUNA (Brassica campestris L. var. komatsuna MATSUM) and spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) were analyzed. For each vegetable, organically and conventionally grown agricultural products were obtained. We carried out the analysis of nutrient compositions and compared and examined the organically and conventionally grown agricultural products. In samples cultivated in multiple prefectures for this study, the difference caused by various cultural conditions could not be recognized in terms of moisture, ash content, minerals, vitamins and free amino acids contents. The data did not show any nutritional superiority of organically grown agricultural product.
著者
辻村 卓 荒井 京子 日笠 志津
出版者
日本ビタミン学会
雑誌
ビタミン (ISSN:0006386X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.74, no.12, pp.579-581, 2000-12-25

Spinach nutrient levels seem to change considerably throughout the year. In this paper, we measured the levels of proximate composition, minerals, carotene, niacin and vitamin C in spinach in spring, summer and winter. The water content in summer was significantly high (p<0.001) compared to that in other seasons, while the levels of protein and carbohydrates were low (p<0.001). Levels of lipid and ash tended to increase in spring. Mineral contents depended on the individual specificity. Vitamin content decreased in summer. In particular, the levels of niacin and vitamin C were significantly lower in summer.
著者
井上 裕康
出版者
日本ビタミン学会
雑誌
ビタミン (ISSN:0006386X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.78, no.12, pp.621-623, 2004-12-25

レスベラトロールは赤ワインに含まれる抗酸化作用を持つフィトアレキシン(抗菌性物質)である. レスベラトロールは中等度のワイン消費が心血管病, 脳卒中, 痴呆の危険度と負の相関を示す, いわゆる「フレンチパラドックス」に関与する物質と考えられてきた. 我々は最近, レスベラトロールが核内受容体PPAR(peroxisome proliferators activated receptor)αとPPARγを選択的に活性化すること, さらにPPARα活性化が脳保護効果をもたらすことを見いだした. これらの知見は「フレンチパラドックス」を説明する新しい作用機構を提供すると考えている. 一方で, レスベラトロールは寿命延長効果を持つカロリー制限模倣物質であること, オレイルエタノールアミドがPPARαの新しい内因性リガンドであり, その活性化によって食欲をコントロールすることが報告されている. そこでこれらの知見を含めて, 今後の展望とともに紹介したい.
著者
糸川 嘉則 木村 美恵子 西野 幸典 宮田 学 美濃 真 玉井 浩
出版者
日本ビタミン学会
雑誌
ビタミン (ISSN:0006386X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.67, no.12, pp.675-679, 1993-12-25
被引用文献数
8

To clarify the nutritional status of thiamin and riboflavin status in elderly, dietary survey and blood test concerning thiamin and riboflavin were carried out on 19 elderly patients admitted in a hospital for long term and 20 young healthy adults (control). Dietary intake of thiamin and riboflavin were significantly lower in the elderly subjects as compared to the young adults. It was assumed that 14 elderly and 10 young subjects were in the state of latent thiamin deficiency based on the blood thiamin levels less than 40 ng/ml. Administration of multivitamin tablets containing 10 mg of TTFD (thiamin tetrahydrofurfuryl disulfide) and 7 mg of riboflavin diminished the number of latent thiamin deficient subjects to 9 for elderly and 2 for young adults. Erythrocyte transketolase activities increased and TPP effects decreased in both groups after administration of the multivitamin tablets. On the other hand, no latent riboflavin deficiency was observed in both groups. Although no significant change was observed on blood riboflavin levels, erythrocyte glutathione reductase activities and FAD effect in both elderly and young subjects, these values improved significantly after administration of the multivitamin tablets.
著者
竹内 敦子 岡野 登志夫 和田 知子 須藤 都 新谷 有美 小林 正
出版者
日本ビタミン学会
雑誌
ビタミン (ISSN:0006386X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.65, no.3, pp.121-124, 1991-03-25

Effect of solar radiation on vitamin D_2 contents in raw and dried Shiitake mushrooms (Lentinus edodes) was investigated. Contents of vitamin D_2 in raw Shiitake cultured in vinylhouses (average : 21 and 14 IU/piece) were generally lower than those cultured outdoors (average : 100 IU/piece). On the other hand, the contents of ergosterol in all the samples were much higher than those of vitamin D_2 (about 9,000〜46,000 times as weight ratio). When gills parts of the samples cultured in a vinylhouse were exposed to sunlight for 1 h or 3 h at a fine day, the contents of vitamin D_2 increased about 3.6 times (average : 76 IU/piece) or 5 times (average : 104 IU/piece) higher than those before radiation (average : 21 IU/piece). The vitamin D_2 contents in raw Shiitake increased according to increase of solar radiation times. When gills parts of dried Shiitake were exposed to sunlight for 1 h or 3 h, the contents of vitamin D_2 increased about 24 times (average 488 IU_piece) or 27 times (average : 548 IU/piece) higher than those before radiation (average : 20 IU/piece). The contents of vitamin D_2 in raw and dried Shiitake exposed on gills part were significantly higher than those in the samples exposed on pileus parts. Since no significant change was observed in the smell, color and taste of Shiitake by solar radiation, exposure to sunlight is an effective method for increase of vitamin D_2 in raw Shiitake mushurooms.
著者
月田 潔
出版者
日本ビタミン学会
雑誌
ビタミン (ISSN:0006386X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.29, no.1, pp.31-34, 1964-01-25

The method described for the estimation of squalene involves chromatographic separation of the dehydrogenated reaction products of squalene with N-bromosuccinimide into several parts of DS 1〜6 (adsorbent : lime, developer of chromatograms : 10〜20% acetone in hexane), followed by spectrophotometric determination of DS 4 at 395 mμ. This method would be effective particularly for estimating squalene of natural source in the presence of other unsaturated polyenes. The configurations of DS l, 2 and 3 were assigned tentatively to be all-trans-, 10 or 14-monocis-hexamethyltetracosaundecaene and all-trans-hexamethyltetracosanonaene respectively.