著者
斎藤 純逸
出版者
日本ビタミン学会
雑誌
ビタミン (ISSN:0006386X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.28, no.3, pp.248-252, 1963-09-25

In the course of study on the biological effect of AICA, it was recognized that the pyruvate decarboxylation by yeast apocarboxylase and cocarboxylase system was accelerated by addition of AICA to the reaction system. This effect was not observed in the yeast carboxylase extracted without cocarboxylase elimination. It was shown that this effect was different from the mechanism of Ochoa's effect based on thiamine addition and of the prevention of heavy metal inhibition. The effect of AICA is supposed to be concerned in the formation of apo- and coenzyme complex.
著者
宮本 恵美 橘高 博美 足達 理子 渡辺 文雄
出版者
日本ビタミン学会
雑誌
ビタミン (ISSN:0006386X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.79, no.7, pp.329-332, 2005-07-25
被引用文献数
1

To verify whether edible bamboo shoots contain vitamin B_<12> or not, vitamin B_<12> was assayed by the microbiological method authorized in the standard tables of food composition in Japan (5th Edition), and by a reversed-HPLC. The results indicate that edible bamboo shoots do not contain vitamin B_<12>, but some compounds showing the vitamin B_<12>-like activity (known as the alkali-resistant factor).
著者
平原 文子 小池 佳子 沼野 富子
出版者
日本ビタミン学会
雑誌
ビタミン (ISSN:0006386X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.69, no.9, pp.495-501, 1995-09-25
被引用文献数
1

The nutrition survey of infants at day care center in Tokyo, on 8 healthy boys and 7 girls, aged 13 to 34 months, 74.8 to 91.3cm body height and 9.6 to 14.3 kg body weight was examined by the method based on the national nutrition survey of Japan. The nutritional status was estimated by calculation using the standard tables of food composition in Japan, 4th revised edition and supplementary table of for fatty acids, cholesterol and vitamin E. The mean values of energy, lipids, protein, retinol, thiamine, riboflavin and ascorbic acid in model menu exceeded the recommended dietary allowance(RDA) for infants of the age. The mean intakes of lipid, energy and polyunsaturated fatty acids, protein in boys and girls were almost the same as those in the RDA. The mean intakes of retinol, riboflavin and ascorbic acid exceeded the RDA for infants of the age. A great difference was found in the lipids, thiamine and vitamin E intake between infants, the mean intake value in 2 years old was lower than those of 1 year olds. The daily cholesterol intake was from 147mg to 235mg. The ratio of E/PUFA was higher than 0.6. The ratios of vitamin E intake per 100 kcal energy and per 1 kg in body weight, were from 0.44 to 0.62mg and from 0.30 to 0.60mg, respectively. As a conclusion, the finding of a smaller intake of principal nutrients in 2 years old infants compared with 1 year old infants, involves many nutritional problems. These results suggest that these infants should be required nutritional advice about a well balanced diet and an available selection of proper foods.
著者
森内 幸子 志村 二三夫 梨本 光太郎 細谷 憲政 小林 正
出版者
日本ビタミン学会
雑誌
ビタミン (ISSN:0006386X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.49, no.5, pp.225-232, 1975-06-25

1α-OH-D_3の十二指腸における^<45>Ca輸送能並びに血清Ca濃度に対する効果を, 腎臓摘出D欠乏シロネズミを用いて観察した.312pmolの1α-OH-D_3を投与して24時間後の十二指腸における^<45>Ca輸送能の増大は, 腎臓摘出動物においても観察されたが, 血清Caの増大は擬似手術を施した群では観察されたが, 腎臓摘出動物においては観察されなかった.1α-OH-D_3の投与量を6,250pmolにして, はじめて血清Caに対する効果が腎臓摘出動物においても観察された.すなわち, 1α-OH-D_3は骨からのCaの溶出作用は弱いが, 小腸からのCaの吸収に対する作用は大きい.それ故, 1α-OH-D_3はDの代謝異常によるD不応性くる病の治療に有効な物質と考えられる.また, 小腸に対する作用と骨に対する作用に差異の観察されたことは, まだ発見されていない1α-25-(OH)_2-D_3以外の最終活性物質が腎臓で生成されて骨に対して作用することを示唆するものと思われる.
著者
柴田 克己
出版者
日本ビタミン学会
雑誌
ビタミン (ISSN:0006386X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.61, no.2, pp.39-56, 1987-02-25
被引用文献数
4

Four NAD biosynthetic pathways have been known ; (I), NiANH_2→NMN→NAD pathway (II), NiA→NaMN→NaAD→NAD pathway (III), NiANH_2→NiA→NaMN→NaAD→NAD pathway (IV), QA→NaMN→NaAD→NAD path-way. So, the functional pathway in each organ of rats was investigated. It was found that all the four 'NAD biosynthetic pathways exist in the liver. Among the four pathways, (IV) is presumed to be the functional pathway as judged by the results that the levels of NAD and niacin in liver increased with the content of dietary Trp and that exogenous QA had a 1/9 niacin activity of NiA. In kidney, (I), (II), and (IV) were found to exist. In the three pathways, (I) was supposed to be the functional pathway as judged by the results that NiANH_2 was the main precursor supplied and that the activity of kidney aminocarboxy-muconate-semialdehyde decarboxylase was much higher than the liver enzyme activity. In heart, (I) and (II) were found but (I) was seemed to be the functional pathway as judged by the result that NiANH_2 was a main precursor sup-plied. In other organs, e,g., the small intestine, spleen, lung, pancreas, brain and muscle, only (I) was found. Thus, the pathway found in all the organs tested was (I). Although the reaction of NAD→NiANH_2 was found to occur in all organs, the reaction of NiANH_2→MNA→2-Py was found to occur mainly in liver. In the view of complexicity of the metabolic pathways of NAD and existence of the questionable bioavailability of the bound forms of nicotinic acid in foods, a straight forward method to determine blood NAD for assessing the nutritional status of niacin was established. Using this method, it was proved that blood NAD level was useful for assessing the nutritional status of niacin. NAD level of healthy human blood was about 30 nmol/ml.
著者
田添 浩一
出版者
日本ビタミン学会
雑誌
ビタミン (ISSN:0006386X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.20, pp.97-101, 1960

The effect of allithiamine and other vitamins on acute hydrocyanic acid poisoning was examined on dd-strain mice. Thiamine propyldisulfide and the garlic extract were effective against acute hydrocyanic acid poisoning. Thiamine hydroxyethyldisulfide and thiamine tetrahydrofurfuryldisulfide were not so effective as the previous substances. Thiamine hydrochloride had no effect.
著者
寺尾 純二
出版者
日本ビタミン学会
雑誌
ビタミン (ISSN:0006386X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.79, no.1, pp.3-11, 2005-01-25
被引用文献数
5 1

1. フレンチパラドックスが巷間の話題となって以来, ワインに含まれるポリフェノールの生理機能性が注目されるようになってきた. フレンチパラドックスとは, 「フランス人では飽和脂肪摂取量が多いにも関わらず冠状動脈疾患の罹患率が低いのは, ポリフェノールに富む赤ワインを摂取するためである」とする仮説である. 赤ワイン中にはポリフェノールが800mg/kg程度含まれるが, その多くはカテキン, エピカテキン, アントシアニジン色素等のフラボノイドやこれらの重合物である. フラボノイドは野菜や果物にも多く含まれているが, 1994年にオランダのHertogらは野菜からのフラボノイド摂取量が多いほど冠動脈疾患による死亡率が少ないという疫学調査を発表した. 40〜59歳の男性12,763人を25年間にわたって観察したSeven Country Studyでもフラボノイドの平均摂取量は冠動脈疾患罹患率と逆相関することが明らかとなった. これらの疫学調査報告から, フラボノイドは抗動脈硬化因子として俄然注目されるようになった.
著者
平原 文子 富岡 和久 大谷 八峯 石井 謙二
出版者
日本ビタミン学会
雑誌
ビタミン (ISSN:0006386X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.65, no.7, pp.p309-314, 1991-07
被引用文献数
5

昭和43年〜63年度までの21年間の栄養調査成積より計算した各年次における1日の摂取量とそれに対する各食品類別の寄与率の年次推移について調査した。この調査期間中の1日当たりのE摂取量はほぼ9.4mgで、調査年次の違いによる変動は余り大きなものではなかった。各食品類別の摂取量は年次による違いが見られたが、調査時期の違いが一因であることが推定された。1日のE摂取量に対する各食品類別の寄与率は、各調査年次ともに油脂類が第1位であり、次いで魚介類であった。穀類は昭和47年までは第3位の寄与率を占めていたが、昭和56年に緑黄色野菜類と入れ代わり以降は第4位となった。菓子類の摂取量は昭和47年をピークに年々減少し、代償的に緑黄色野菜類が増えていた。国民一人当たりの平均値で見ると、調査期間中のE摂取量値は成人男子のE目標摂取量を上回っていた。しかし、国民個々人については、他の栄養素の栄養所要量に対する充足分布調査をみると過不足状態のものも少なくないことが指摘されている。E栄養についても不足状態のものも少なくないことが推測され、食生活の改善・栄養指導の必要なものもいることが推定されることから今後検討が急がれる。
著者
桜井 芳人
出版者
日本ビタミン学会
雑誌
ビタミン (ISSN:0006386X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.27, no.4, pp.261-265, 1963-04-25
著者
三嶋 智之 伊佐 保香 柘植 治人
出版者
日本ビタミン学会
雑誌
ビタミン (ISSN:0006386X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.84, no.7, pp.325-327, 2010-07-25
参考文献数
19
著者
Matsumoto Keitaro Koba Takashige Hamada Koichiro TSUJIMOTO Hisaya MITSUZONO Ryoichi
出版者
日本ビタミン学会
雑誌
Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.55, no.1, pp.52-58, 2009-02-01
参考文献数
29
被引用文献数
2 33

The effects of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation on the lactate threshold (LT) were investigated as an index of endurance exercise capacity. Eight trained male subjects (21&plusmn;2 y) participated in a double-blind crossover placebo-controlled study. The subjects were randomly assigned to two groups and were provided either a BCAA drink (0.4% BCAA, 4% carbohydrate; 1,500 mL/d) or an iso-caloric placebo drink for 6 d. On the 7th day, the subjects performed an incremental loading exercise test with a cycle ergometer until exhaustion in order to measure the LT. The test drink (500 mL) was ingested 15-min before the test. Oxygen consumption VO<sub>2</sub>) and the respiratory exchange ratio (RER) during the exercise test were measured with the breath-by-breath method. Blood samples were taken before and during the exercise test to measure the blood lactate and plasma BCAA concentrations. The same exercise test was performed again 1 wk later. BCAA supplementation increased the plasma BCAA concentration during the exercise test, while plasma BCAA concentration decreased in the placebo trial. The RER during the exercise test in the BCAA trial was lower than that in the placebo trial (<i>p</i><0.05). The VO<sub>2</sub> and workload levels at LT point in the BCAA trial were higher than those in the placebo trial (VO<sub>2</sub>: 29.8&plusmn;6.8 vs. 26.4&plusmn;5.4 mL/kg/min; workload: 175&plusmn;42 vs. 165&plusmn;38 W, <i>p</i><0.05, respectively). The VO<sub>2</sub>max in the BCAA trial was higher than that in the placebo trial (47.1&plusmn;5.7 vs. 45.2&plusmn;5.0 mL/kg/min, <i>p</i><0.05). These results suggest that BCAA supplementation may be effective to increase the endurance exercise capacity.
著者
深野 美知子 塩沢 七之助 栗山 武久
出版者
日本ビタミン学会
雑誌
ビタミン (ISSN:0006386X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.15, pp.114-118, 1958

Recently, fermented products of chick droppings mixed up with rice bran or some other substances using special microbes are used for a poultry feed. Since the fermented chick droppings thus obtained contained considerable amounts of riboflavin, pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, and biotin, the substances seemed to be effective for promoting chick growth. The results from three times experiments indicated that the fermented chick droppings did not exert a significat effect on the chick growth, but that chicks did not hate to eat them and the addition of 10 to 20% of the products did not do harm to the chick growth.