2 0 0 0 OA 自然法則と物質の構造
- 著者
- ウエルナー・ ハイゼンベルグ (荒木 不二洋・ 柳瀬 睦男 訳)
- 出版者
- 科学基礎論学会
- 雑誌
- 科学基礎論研究 (ISSN:00227668)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.8, no.4, pp.159-165, 1968-03-30 (Released:2009-09-04)
2 0 0 0 OA knowing-thatとknowing-howの区別
- 著者
- 池吉 琢磨 中山 康雄
- 出版者
- 科学基礎論学会
- 雑誌
- 科学基礎論研究 (ISSN:00227668)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.37, no.1, pp.1-8, 2009-11-25 (Released:2017-08-01)
- 参考文献数
- 20
An aim of this paper is to clarify what the knowing-that/knowing-how distinction means. First, we summarize characteristics of knowing-that and knowing-how in Ryle (1949). Next, we address the recent discussions on this distinction. Especially, we examine a bold claim made by Stanley and Williamson, namely the claim that knowing-how is a species of knowing-that. In the last part of this paper, we reorganize these discussions by introducing a distinction between internalism and externalism of knowing-that. We conclude that knowing-how cannot be reduced to knowing-that. But this does not mean that they are completely separated. Some knowing-that presuppose some knowing-how, and vice versa.
2 0 0 0 OA ゲーデルの数学観と不完全性定理
- 著者
- 大出 晁
- 出版者
- 科学基礎論学会
- 雑誌
- 科学基礎論研究 (ISSN:00227668)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.20, no.3, pp.129-134, 1991-12-25 (Released:2009-09-04)
- 参考文献数
- 1
2 0 0 0 OA 意識と時間 —表象説からのアプローチ—
- 著者
- 太田 紘史 佐金 武
- 出版者
- 科学基礎論学会
- 雑誌
- 科学基礎論研究 (ISSN:00227668)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.39, no.1, pp.1-11, 2011-11-25 (Released:2017-08-01)
- 参考文献数
- 28
Temporality is an essential part of our conscious experience. Indeed, it is difficult to conceive of a conscious individual who does not know what it's like to "experience time." For instance, we know what it's like to see bubbles in a glass rising up to the surface, to hear music playing, and even to feel time passing. In this paper, we first clarify three temporal characteristics of conscious experience: change, duration, and direction. Next, we criticize a memory-based account of those characteristics and suggest a representationalist account as an alternative approach. We also consider some objections to the representationalist account raised by B. Dainton, and try to reply to them. Finally, we give an outline of a systematic representationalist theory of all the three temporal characteristics.
2 0 0 0 OA 音の不在の知覚
- 著者
- 源河 亨
- 出版者
- 科学基礎論学会
- 雑誌
- 科学基礎論研究 (ISSN:00227668)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.41, no.2, pp.81-91, 2014-03-30 (Released:2017-08-31)
- 参考文献数
- 33
This paper aims to show that the absence of sounds can be an object of auditory perception. First, I present various types of objections to the possibility of hearing the absence of sounds. Next, I explain that there is a kind of absence of sounds which seems to be heard, namely, the absence of sounds occurred in between sounds. I argue that perception of such an absence can be explained by the same mechanism for hearing sounds and detecting sound sources, that is, auditory scene analysis. I also argue that such an absence can be characterized, analogous to holes, as a dependent object which ontologically depends on previous and succeeding sounds. Based on these considerations, I reply the objections. Finally, I propose a modality-neutral model of absence perception based on the auditory case, and suggest that this model casts a doubt on the basic assumptions about perception.
2 0 0 0 OA 末綱恕一さんのこと 哲学的思想家として
- 著者
- 下村 寅太郎
- 出版者
- 科学基礎論学会
- 雑誌
- 科学基礎論研究 (ISSN:00227668)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.10, no.2, pp.45-48, 1971-03-30 (Released:2014-03-11)
2 0 0 0 OA ヒルベルトの形式主義と現代科学
- 著者
- 近藤 基吉
- 出版者
- 科学基礎論学会
- 雑誌
- 科学基礎論研究 (ISSN:00227668)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.12, no.2, pp.59-64, 1975-03-25 (Released:2009-09-04)
- 参考文献数
- 7
2 0 0 0 OA 科学的説明と疑似科学的説明
- 著者
- 森田 邦久
- 出版者
- 科学基礎論学会
- 雑誌
- 科学基礎論研究 (ISSN:00227668)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.39, no.1, pp.25-30, 2011-11-25 (Released:2017-08-01)
- 参考文献数
- 18
This paper provides a new criterion to distinguish the genuine science from the pseudoscience. Morita (2008; 2009) discussed that there are two demarcation criteria between science and pseudo-science: experimental and theoretical. In this essay, I focus on the theoretical criterion. This criterion is an application of a new view of scientific explanation shown in Morita (2007; 2008 ch. 1). The point is that scientific explanation must unify the phenomena in question into common framework, and new elements which is added to model in order to deduce explicandum must be observable or be able to promote unification.
2 0 0 0 OA カルナップの哲学概念の解明
- 著者
- 永井 成男
- 出版者
- 科学基礎論学会
- 雑誌
- 科学基礎論研究 (ISSN:00227668)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.10, no.3, pp.102-109, 1971-12-30 (Released:2010-01-22)
- 参考文献数
- 15
2 0 0 0 OA 記述的科学史と規範的科学史
- 著者
- 熊谷 陽一
- 出版者
- 科学基礎論学会
- 雑誌
- 科学基礎論研究 (ISSN:00227668)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.17, no.1, pp.43-49, 1984-12-25 (Released:2009-07-23)
- 参考文献数
- 25
2 0 0 0 OA クワイン型存在論的コミットメントの十分な定式化に向けて
- 著者
- 高取 正大
- 出版者
- 科学基礎論学会
- 雑誌
- 科学基礎論研究 (ISSN:00227668)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.42, no.1, pp.19-37, 2014-12-30 (Released:2017-08-31)
- 参考文献数
- 42
This paper has two purposes. One is to investigate critically the major attempts that have been made to formulate the Quinean criterion of ontological commitment. The other is to give a satisfactory formulation of the Quinean criterion on the basis of the investigation. I classify the attempts that have been made into two major kinds, semantic approaches and syntactic approaches. Although both kinds of approach fail to formulate the Quinean criterion adequately, both are found to have their own advantages which are complementary to each other. I then offer a new formulation based on the idea of "provability on semantics," inspired by the mutually complementary character of the two kinds of approach. I argue that my formulation adequately reflects metaphysicians' use of the Quinean criterion and is thus promising.
2 0 0 0 OA 身体運動意味論
2 0 0 0 OA 性質間の実現関係と特殊科学の自律性
- 著者
- 秋葉 剛史
- 出版者
- 科学基礎論学会
- 雑誌
- 科学基礎論研究 (ISSN:00227668)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.49, no.2, pp.87-109, 2022 (Released:2022-04-06)
- 参考文献数
- 51
There is a familiar tension between the two main components of non-reductive physicalism, which are physicalism, on the one hand, and the non-reducibility or autonomy of so-called special sciences (i.e., sciences other than physics), on the other. While it is often claimed that this tension can be satisfactorily resolved by adopting the subset account of realization(defended by e.g., Shoemaker (2001) and Wilson (2011)), this paper challenges that popular view, by elaborating some critical comments by Funkhouser (2014). Then, after examining Funkhouser's own position, this paper proposes a new way of resolving the aforementioned tension, which consists in refining the subset account's analysis of realization on the basis of various dependence relations between causal powers.
2 0 0 0 OA 量子力学の全体論的なアンサンブル解釈とベルの不等式
- 著者
- 白井 仁人
- 出版者
- 科学基礎論学会
- 雑誌
- 科学基礎論研究 (ISSN:00227668)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.49, no.1, pp.15-31, 2021 (Released:2021-12-14)
- 参考文献数
- 28
The ensemble interpretation (EI) of quantum mechanics has been proposed by physicists and philosophers (e.g., A. Einstein, K. R. Popper, and A. Lande). However, it is not accepted widely among modern scientists. This is because the EI is regarded as a kind of the hidden variable theories. The scientists believe that the EI is inconsistent with violation of Bell's inequalities. The present paper points out that there are various types of the EI. Several of them can be consistent with the violation. The non-local type of the EI proposed by Shirai in 1998 is also consistent. We call it “holistic ensemble interpretation (HEI).” The non-locality in the HEI includes a temporal non-locality (i.e., a future dependence), implying that the present distributions depend on the future conditions. The concept of the future dependence would be so controversial that we discuss it deeply in the latter half of the paper. Many scientists may think of it as a doubtful concept, because it disagrees with the concept of “free will.” However, there are several reasons why we should consider the future dependence.
2 0 0 0 OA 量子力学的実体の同一性の概念
- 著者
- 牧 二郎
- 出版者
- 科学基礎論学会
- 雑誌
- 科学基礎論研究 (ISSN:00227668)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.25, no.1, pp.33-39, 1997-12-25 (Released:2009-07-23)
- 参考文献数
- 13
2 0 0 0 OA ボルン『我が世代に於ける物理学』/ガストン・バシュラール『現代物理学の合理主義的活動』
- 著者
- 坂本 百大 大出 晃
- 出版者
- 科学基礎論学会
- 雑誌
- 科学基礎論研究 (ISSN:00227668)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.3, no.4, pp.546-552, 1957-12-25 (Released:2010-05-26)
2 0 0 0 OA 色の傾向性理論を擁護する ――色の現象学と存在論――
- 著者
- 小草 泰
- 出版者
- 科学基礎論学会
- 雑誌
- 科学基礎論研究 (ISSN:00227668)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.45, no.1-2, pp.1-21, 2018 (Released:2018-05-07)
- 参考文献数
- 30
- 被引用文献数
- 1
Dispositionalism of color claims that colors are dispositions to cause certain sorts of visual experiences in perceivers. Lately, this theory has been criticized as conflicting with the phenomenology of color experiences. Critics insist that our visual experiences represent colors not as dispositional properties, but as simple, monadic, intrinsic features of physical objects, and that this poses a serious threat to dispositionalism. First, I will examine four versions of this kind of objection and defend dispositionalism against them. Second, based on these considerations, I will explicate the notion of ‘certain sorts of visual experiences' that dispositionalists refer to. More specifically, I will offer a promising view of color experiences through examining the phenomenon of color constancy.
2 0 0 0 OA 幾何学と経験世界
2 0 0 0 OA 「心理学」という学名の起源 メンタル・フィロソフィーかサイコロジーか
- 著者
- 西川 泰夫
- 出版者
- 科学基礎論学会
- 雑誌
- 科学基礎論研究 (ISSN:00227668)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.26, no.1, pp.17-22, 1998-12-25 (Released:2009-07-23)
- 参考文献数
- 24