著者

西島 央

出版者

東京大学

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, pp.57-76, 2004-03-10

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In Japan, what sort of people attend classical music concerts? It has been said that the classical music is an orthodox current of culture from the West, which was set up alongside the establishment of the modern educational system in Japan. Recently, however, the number of classes of music and other arts related subjects has been reduced as a result of the new national curriculum. In addition, the development of the Internet has provided a dramatic increase in terms of alternative access points to music. These are resulting in a dramatic change of music culture. Under these conditions, is it probable to think that attitudes towards classical music concerts might be in a process of change? The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the current conditions in relation to classical music concerts attendance from a sociological perspective. Methodologically, the paper draws upon evidence garnered from a questionnaire survey conducted at classical music concerts in Tokyo, Niigata and Kagoshima, between April and August 2002. To date, there have been few studies to investigate the sociological profile and associated behaviour related to classical music concert attendees, except the index of a stratum research. In this research, I will make use of sociological description of attendance, exploring the issue of regional difference. Subsequently I will analyze attendee's first experiences vis-a-vis the concert. Finally I will specify the features of attendance in relation to those classified as ""Jouren"" i. e. regular goers and those labeled ""Ichigen"" i. e first-timers. I will analyse the differences between them in light of a number of sociological indicators and their musical experiences during their formal education. As a kind of pilot study, I will propose a research framework that could provide a signpost for future research exploration.

著者

中澤 篤史 西島 央 矢野 博之 熊谷 信司

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, pp.317-337, 2009-03-10

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In secondary school of Japan under the current national curriculum (course of study), the club activities had not been corroborated institutionally despite that they were very important aspect of schoollife alike lesson activities. But on the coming national curriculum, it has described that club activities should be related with school curriculum properly, especially paying attention to circumstances or situations of each school. Nevertheless it had not got such information and those data. In this paper we'll endeavour to illuminate the circumstances about adviser-teacher of club activities, the relations of teaching on club activities to guidance, also to the other school affairs from the questionnaire survey to teachers in the Tokyo metropolitan area and seven prefectures, Iwate, Niigata, Shizuoka, Nara, Kagawa, Yamaguchi, and Kagoshima./ We will deal with the following issues in this paper. 1) School survey; the relations between the size of schools and club activities, the obligation on participation in club activities, assignment of adviser-teachers, school aims concerning club activities. 2) Teachers survey; circumstances of club activities, the management system of club activities and coaches, teachers'experiences about club activities, management and coaching, the other school affairs, teachers'opinions concerning coaching and teaching.

著者

西島 央

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, pp.57-76, 2004-03-10

---

In Japan, what sort of people attend classical music concerts? It has been said that the classical music is an orthodox current of culture from the West, which was set up alongside the establishment of the modern educational system in Japan. Recently, however, the number of classes of music and other arts related subjects has been reduced as a result of the new national curriculum. In addition, the development of the Internet has provided a dramatic increase in terms of alternative access points to music. These are resulting in a dramatic change of music culture. Under these conditions, is it probable to think that attitudes towards classical music concerts might be in a process of change? The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the current conditions in relation to classical music concerts attendance from a sociological perspective. Methodologically, the paper draws upon evidence garnered from a questionnaire survey conducted at classical music concerts in Tokyo, Niigata and Kagoshima, between April and August 2002. To date, there have been few studies to investigate the sociological profile and associated behaviour related to classical music concert attendees, except the index of a stratum research. In this research, I will make use of sociological description of attendance, exploring the issue of regional difference. Subsequently I will analyze attendee's first experiences vis-a-vis the concert. Finally I will specify the features of attendance in relation to those classified as "Jouren" i. e. regular goers and those labeled "Ichigen" i. e first-timers. I will analyse the differences between them in light of a number of sociological indicators and their musical experiences during their formal education. As a kind of pilot study, I will propose a research framework that could provide a signpost for future research exploration.

著者

西島 央

出版者

東京大学

雑誌

萌芽研究

巻号頁・発行日

2003

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本研究は、戦前期の小学校の唱歌教育について、学校の建築図面などから読み取れる唱歌室の配置やつくりと、学校日誌などの学校公文書などから読み取れる楽器などの備品・消耗品・教具類を整理し、実際にどのような唱歌の授業が行われており、どのような"音"が奏でられていたかを明らかにすることを目的とする。平成16年度は、調査対象地域の長野県で、唱歌科の普及の早かった上田市・小県郡周辺と、遅かった下伊那郡を中心に、唱歌科の普及期である明治10年代後半から30年代までの時期に限定して、学校建築、楽器等の設備・備品や、唱歌科の授業、儀式・学校行事等における唱歌に関する史料を蒐集した。この調査によって明らかになった知見は以下のとおりである。第一に、唱歌科普及を推し進める要因について、従来から論じられてきた(1)小学校令、教授細目などの制度の整備、(2)小学校祝日大祭日儀式規定と同儀式用唱歌などによる儀式の制度化、(3)各種講習会や個人の尽力に基づく教員養成に加えて、(4)唱歌室の設置、楽器などの教具の購入といったモノ的条件の整備が非常に重要であることがわかった。第二に、残念ながら、当該時期における学校の楽器保有状況を示す史料は非常に少なく、どのような"音"が奏でられていたかを検証するに足る史料は得られなかったが、五線譜に記譜された唱歌の普及とオルガンなどの伴奏用楽器の普及に時差があることから、少なくとも、当時つくられた唱歌を現在演奏するのとは、音程などがかなり違う"音"であったことは推測できる。以上から、今後は、今日の日本人の音楽性を形成していく過程について、モノに注目した調査研究が必要であることが示唆できる。同時に、これまで連携されることのほとんどなかった、戦前期の学校音楽の研究と大衆音楽の研究をつないでいく必要を痛感した。本補助金助成期間は終了するが、引き続きこれらの点に留意して研究を続けていきたい。

著者

西島 央 矢野 博之 中澤 篤史

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, pp.101-130, 2008-03-10

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During the course of this research our goal has been to illustrate the factors that affect the commitment of secondary school pupils'vis-a-vis their schools and future educational goals and career trajectories. In doing so, we will propose "a plural model of school culture". In spite that actualities of club activities are very significant for pupils in their school life, its institutional position is vague in the current course of study. So it causes many issues about the coaching and management of club activities, for example the issue of overwork of teachers, and so on. In light of this we made a questionnaire survey to teachers of sports club activities in order to clarify two subjects. One is actual condition how teachers coach and manage club activities. The other is consciousness which the teacher have toward club activities. Based on the survey, this study is to examine six points: 1) commitment of teachers, 2) support system of club activities, 3) gap of the consciousness between teachers and pupils, 4) intensification of teachers, 5) opinions of teachers on what club activities to be in future, 6) further discussion about club activities. The results are as follows. 1) Teachers who strongly commit club to activities are inclined to expect much to them, don't have problems in them, and cope with them as eagerly as other activities outside class. 2) Teachers with external coach don't strongly commit to club activities and don't have experiences by themselves on the activities. Teachers with a parental organization strongly commit to club activities. 3) We found a certain gap between teachers and pupils on their ways of view about club activities. In spite that teachers can find pupils'expectations to club activities, they seem to be inclined to have more internal goals in educational points. 4) Teachers are pressed by business not because the participation to club activities restrained their time, but because they recognize problems about it, for example the vagueness whether club activities are in/out of their duty. 5) We found out some knowledge on opinions of teachers on what club activities to be in future which is below. Their opinions differ from pupils'. There is a wide variety of opinions among teachers according to the locality where schools are, the athletic event of club teachers have charge of, how many times and which day of the week teachers attend their clubs, and whether teachers are bothered by heavy burdens or institutional ambiguity of them. 6) Teachers whose main role is to manage club activities are bothered by heavy burdens or institutional ambiguity of them. And whether they recognize insufficiency of facility, equipment and administrative cost as problem differ from one activity to another.

著者

中澤 篤史 西島 央 矢野 博之 熊谷 信司

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, pp.317-337, 2009-03-10

---

In secondary school of Japan under the current national curriculum (course of study), the club activities had not been corroborated institutionally despite that they were very important aspect of schoollife alike lesson activities. But on the coming national curriculum, it has described that club activities should be related with school curriculum properly, especially paying attention to circumstances or situations of each school. Nevertheless it had not got such information and those data. In this paper we'll endeavour to illuminate the circumstances about adviser-teacher of club activities, the relations of teaching on club activities to guidance, also to the other school affairs from the questionnaire survey to teachers in the Tokyo metropolitan area and seven prefectures, Iwate, Niigata, Shizuoka, Nara, Kagawa, Yamaguchi, and Kagoshima./ We will deal with the following issues in this paper. 1) School survey; the relations between the size of schools and club activities, the obligation on participation in club activities, assignment of adviser-teachers, school aims concerning club activities. 2) Teachers survey; circumstances of club activities, the management system of club activities and coaches, teachers'experiences about club activities, management and coaching, the other school affairs, teachers'opinions concerning coaching and teaching.

著者

西島 央

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

教育社会学研究 (ISSN:03873145)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, pp.23-42, 1997-05-15 (Released:2011-03-18)

参考文献数

37

著者

中澤 篤史 西島 央 矢野 博之 熊谷 信司

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, pp.317-337, 2008

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application/pdf

著者

西島 央

出版者

日本音楽教育学会

雑誌

音楽教育実践ジャーナル (ISSN:18809901)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.26-36, 2017 (Released:2018-12-31)

参考文献数

11

著者

西島 央

出版者

一般社団法人 日本教育学会

雑誌

教育学研究 (ISSN:03873161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.2, pp.205-208, 2011-06-30 (Released:2017-11-28)

著者

西島 央

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, pp.57-76, 2004-03-10

---

In Japan, what sort of people attend classical music concerts? It has been said that the classical music is an orthodox current of culture from the West, which was set up alongside the establishment of the modern educational system in Japan. Recently, however, the number of classes of music and other arts related subjects has been reduced as a result of the new national curriculum. In addition, the development of the Internet has provided a dramatic increase in terms of alternative access points to music. These are resulting in a dramatic change of music culture. Under these conditions, is it probable to think that attitudes towards classical music concerts might be in a process of change? The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the current conditions in relation to classical music concerts attendance from a sociological perspective. Methodologically, the paper draws upon evidence garnered from a questionnaire survey conducted at classical music concerts in Tokyo, Niigata and Kagoshima, between April and August 2002. To date, there have been few studies to investigate the sociological profile and associated behaviour related to classical music concert attendees, except the index of a stratum research. In this research, I will make use of sociological description of attendance, exploring the issue of regional difference. Subsequently I will analyze attendee's first experiences vis-a-vis the concert. Finally I will specify the features of attendance in relation to those classified as ""Jouren"" i. e. regular goers and those labeled ""Ichigen"" i. e first-timers. I will analyse the differences between them in light of a number of sociological indicators and their musical experiences during their formal education. As a kind of pilot study, I will propose a research framework that could provide a signpost for future research exploration.

著者

西島 央 藤田 武志 矢野 博之 荒川 英央 中澤 篤史

出版者

東京大学

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, pp.99-129, 2003-03-10

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In this research, we will endeavour to illuminate the factors that affect high school students'commitment to their schools; their future educational goals and career trajectories. Examining how they have been involved in various club activities at school will provide the basis for this evaluation. In doing so, we will propose "a plural model of school culture." The research is being carried out within a context of significant educational change. The implementation of the new national curriculum (course of study), a five-day week school system, and the co-operative linkage of schools, homes, and communities are likely to have some form of impact that will need to be assessed. This leads us to adopt a methodological approach that makes extensive use of a series of research surveys. These will seek to identify the effects which the new national curriculum will have upon students'school lives, especially in relation to club activities. So far, we have carried out two extensive questionnaires in 1999 and 2001 along with additional participant observation in a limited number of schools. Our target group has been junior high school students. In light of the above and in view of our proposed new series of research surveys for high school students we will construct a hypothetical analysis in order to prepare a survey for use in the reinvestigation of the matter in 2004. This series of research surveys on high school students aims to propose an agenda for school education which should take account of what form club activities should take in the future. To date, we have analysed data stemming from 4,500 questionnaires. These have been collected from high-school students in two (Shizuoka and Niigata) different prefectures and the Tokyo metropolitan area in March 2002. In this paper we will deal with the following four issues. 1, Using four clusters which based on the levels of commitment to their various aspects of the school life, classes, official events, and club activities, we discuss the students'adaptability to school life. 2, Focusing on the differences of the opportunities in sports/culture activities being influenced by the students'family backgrounds, we argue the significance of club-activities for students in their junior high school days. Besides we explore the issues so as to realize "the lifelong sports-society", focusing on the sports club-activities. 3, We examine students'behaviours from the viewpoint of whether they are an active club member or whether they have withdrawn from such activities. This will be used, in part, as a predictor for the various path-ways that students take as they adapt themselves to the changing nature of life during their high school experiences.

著者

西島 央

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

教育社会学研究 (ISSN:03873145)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, pp.235-237, 2002-05-15

著者

西島 央

出版者

首都大学東京人文科学研究科

雑誌

人文学報 = The Journal of social sciences and humanities (ISSN:03868729)

巻号頁・発行日

no.486, pp.1-24, 2014-03

著者

西島 央 藤田 武志

出版者

東京大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2001

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現行学習指導要領におけるクラブ活動の廃止、学校と地域の連携、教育の市場化といった教育改革のなかで、中学校や高校では、部活動を縮小・廃止したり、地域と連携/委譲を図ったりする動きがみられる。このことが、教師による生徒指導や進路指導、生徒の学校への関わり方や進路選択のありようといった学校のその他の教育活動場面や、生徒のスポーツ・文化活動への参入機会にどのような変化をもたらすかを明らかにすることが本研究の目的である。そのために、東京都、静岡県、新潟県を中心に、中学生、高校生を対象とする質問紙調査、並びに部活動改革に取り組む中学校における観察・インタビュー調査を行ってきた。これらの調査によって得られた主な知見は以下のとおりである。部活動に対する生徒のかまえには活動本意の志向性と人間関係本意の志向性がある。活動本意志向の生徒にとって部活動改革は望ましいが、人間関係本意志向の生徒にとっては、学校で行われる部活動でしか享受され得ない人間関係形成の場を失うことになる。学業だけではないさまざまな場面が学校には準備されていることは、学業に興味のない子どもたちにも学校に対する前向きなかまえをもたせるように働いており、部活動に積極的に関わることが学業成績や将来展望にプラスの影響を及ぼしている。部活動が、ジェンダー・サブカルチャー形成の場として機能している。スポーツ・文化活動への参入機会には、出身家庭の文化的経済的状況や地域性によって差があるが、その格差は、学校で部活動が組織されていることによって縮減されている。部活動の地域との連携や移行という取り組みは、第一に、指導者の外部化によって活動が競技志向に傾くと同時に、顧問教師の関与が下がるため、生徒指導の機会が縮小する。第二に、かえって地域社会や保護者の学校への期待が明確化し、その役割や責任が強調されるという矛盾した結果を生み出している。

著者

西島 央

出版者

ベネッセコーポレーション

雑誌

研究所報

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, pp.110-122, 2009-10