著者

Hisashi Noma Kengo Nagashima Shogo Kato Satoshi Teramukai Toshi A. Furukawa

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.10, pp.441-448, 2022-10-05 (Released:2022-10-05)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

1 3

---

Background: In meta-analysis, the normal distribution assumption has been adopted in most systematic reviews of random-effects distribution models due to its computational and conceptual simplicity. However, this restrictive model assumption is possibly unsuitable and might have serious influences in practices.Methods: We provide two examples of real-world evidence that clearly show that the normal distribution assumption is explicitly unsuitable. We propose new random-effects meta-analysis methods using five flexible random-effects distribution models that can flexibly regulate skewness, kurtosis and tailweight: skew normal distribution, skew t-distribution, asymmetric Subbotin distribution, Jones–Faddy distribution, and sinh–arcsinh distribution. We also developed a statistical package, flexmeta, that can easily perform these methods.Results: Using the flexible random-effects distribution models, the results of the two meta-analyses were markedly altered, potentially influencing the overall conclusions of these systematic reviews.Conclusion: The restrictive normal distribution assumption in the random-effects model can yield misleading conclusions. The proposed flexible methods can provide more precise conclusions in systematic reviews.

著者

Young A Lee Eun Ju Cho Takako Yokozawa

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.6, pp.1265-1269, 2008-06-01 (Released:2008-06-01)

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

44 56

---

8-Hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), one of the most abundant oxidative DNA adducts, is used as an indicator of oxidative DNA damage associated with aging. Among homologs of the silent information regulator (Sir), sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is suggested as a regulator of the apoptotic response to DNA damage. Since it has been suggested that the aging process can be delayed by the attenuation of oxidative damage such as DNA damage or SIRT1 modulation, we focused on the protective effect against cellular oxidative damage of persimmon peel, a proanthocyanidin-rich food, in relation to its level of polymerization. We confirmed that 8-OHdG expression in TIG-1 human fibroblasts was increased by treatment with 300 μM H2O2 for 2 h. On the other hand, the nuclear SIRT1 level was decreased in H2O2-treated as compared with non-pretreated cells. However, pretreatments with polymers and oligomers led to a decrease in 8-OHdG and elevation in nuclear SIRT1 expression in a concentration-dependent manner. In particular, oligomers exerted a stronger effect. The present study supports the protective potential of proanthocyanidin from persimmon peel against oxidative damage under the aging process, and suggests that the polymerization of proanthocyanidin plays an important role in retarding aging in a cellular senescence model.

著者

Silvano Gallus Alessandra Lugo Xiaoqiu Liu Elisa Borroni Luke Clancy Giuseppe Gorini Maria José Lopez Anna Odone Krzysztof Przewozniak Olena Tigova Piet A. van den Brandt Constantine Vardavas Esteve Fernandez the TackSHS Project Investigators

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.3, pp.139-144, 2022-03-05 (Released:2022-03-05)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

8 28

---

Background: Heated tobacco products (HTP) are new forms of tobacco consumption with limited information available on their use among the general population. Our objective was to analyze the prevalence and associations of use of HTP across 11 countries in Europe.Methods: Within the TackSHS Project, in 2017–2018 we conducted a cross-sectional study with information on HTP use in the following countries: Bulgaria, England, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Latvia, Poland, Portugal, Romania and Spain. In each country, face-to-face interviews were performed on a representative sample of around 1,000 subjects aged ≥15 years, for a total of 10,839 subjects.Results: Overall, 27.8% of study participants were aware of HTPs, 1.8% were ever HTP users (ranging from 0.6% in Spain to 8.3% in Greece), and 0.1% were current users. Men were more frequently HTP ever users than women (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11–1.95). Ever HTP use was inversely related to age (P for trend <0.001) and more frequent in ex-smokers (compared with never smokers, aOR 4.32; 95% CI, 2.69–6.95) and current smokers (aOR 8.35; 95% CI, 5.67–12.28), and in electronic cigarette past users (compared with never users, aOR 5.48; 95% CI, 3.46–8.68) and current users (aOR 5.92; 95% CI, 3.73–9.40).Conclusions: In 2017–2018, HTP use was still limited in Europe among the general population; however, the dual use of these products, their high use among younger generations, and the interest of non-smokers in these products are worrying and indicate the need for close monitoring in terms of prevalence and the characteristics of users.

著者

Paul A. Oakley Sean Z. Kallan Deed E. Harrison

出版者

The Society of Physical Therapy Science

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.11, pp.759-771, 2022 (Released:2022-11-01)

参考文献数

83

被引用文献数

5

---

[Purpose] To characterize the case report evidence of Chiropractic BioPhysics® (CBP®) technique methods applied to increase cervical lordosis and improve forward head posture. [Methods] The CBP Non-profit website as well as PubMed and Index to Chiropractic literature were searched for case reports/series documenting the increase of cervical lordosis and improvement of forward head posture in the treatment of various craniocervical spinal disorders by CBP technique methods. [Results] Sixty patients were reported in 41 unique manuscripts detailing the improvement in cervical spine alignment by CBP technique methods. On average, there was a 14° improvement in cervical lordosis and a 12 mm reduction in forward head position after 40 treatments over 16 weeks with a 5-point reduction in pain rating scores. Thirty-eight percent of cases included follow-up showing only slight loss of lordosis, but maintenance of pain and disability improvements after an average of 1.5 treatments per month for 1.8 years. [Conclusion] An abundance of reports document improvement in craniocervical and other ailments by CBP methods that increase cervical lordosis. Routine radiographic imaging of the spine is recommended as it is safe and the only current practical method of screening for critical biomechanical biomarkers of sagittal spine alignment.

著者

C. A. R. クロスランド著 関嘉彦監訳

出版者

論争社

巻号頁・発行日

1961

著者

A・C・ウェデマイヤー [著] 妹尾作太男訳

出版者

講談社

巻号頁・発行日

1997

著者

Samantha Lee Huey Jesse T. Krisher Shobha A. Udipi Padmini Ghugre Varsha M. Thakker Harsha V. Chopra Ramesh D. Potdar Jere D. Haas Julia L. Finkelstein Saurabh Mehta

雑誌

22nd IUNS-International Congress of Nutrition

巻号頁・発行日

2022-11-10

著者

Eva L Jenkins Linda Brennan Tracy A McCaffrey

雑誌

22nd IUNS-International Congress of Nutrition

巻号頁・発行日

2022-11-10

著者

Yu Zhi Lian Chun-Chao Chang Yu-Shan Chen Alexey A. Tinkov Anatoly V. Skalny Jane C.-J. Chao

出版者

SOCIETY FOR FREE RADICAL RESEARCH JAPAN

雑誌

Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition (ISSN:09120009)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.3, pp.229-237, 2022 (Released:2022-11-01)

参考文献数

61

---

Active ingredients in the natural products have been considered to be used for alleviating the symptoms of ulcerative colitis, hence the effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LP) and capsaicin on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in rats were investigated. Rats were grouped into normal, DSS induced colitis, and colitis treated with 100 mg LP/kg body weight, 12 mg capsaicin/kg body weight, or combined 50 mg LP/kg body weight and 6 mg capsaicin/kg body weight. Treatment with LP or capsaicin was orally fed by gavage for 4 weeks, and 5% DSS was fed via drinking water for 6 days during week 3. Colon tissue and cecum content were collected for analysis. Treatments with LP and/or capsaicin ameliorated disease activity index scores, severity of colon distortion, and shrinkage of colon length. LP and capsaicin decreased colonic pro-inflammatory cytokine (IFN-γ, IL-17A, and IL-22) levels. Cecal microbiota in colitis rats were enriched with the genus Turicibacter and Lachnospira. The relative abundance of genus Ruminiclostridium_9 and Ruminoclostridium_1 was increased by LP and capsaicin treatment, respectively. Pretreatment with LP or capsaicin inhibits the severity of colonic damage in rats with DSS-induced colitis via anti-inflammation and modulation of colonic microbiota.

著者

Toshiki TAKAMIZAWA Eizo HIROKANE Keiichi SAI Ryo ISHII Ryota AOKI Wayne W. BARKMEIER Mark A. LATTA Masashi MIYAZAKI

出版者

The Japanese Society for Dental Materials and Devices

雑誌

Dental Materials Journal (ISSN:02874547)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2022-130, (Released:2022-11-08)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

3

---

This study investigated the enamel and dentin bond durability of a two-step adhesive system, using a universal adhesive-derived primer (G2-Bond Universal [GU]), and compared it with the two conventional, two-step, self-etch adhesive systems (Clearfil SE Bond 2 [CS] and OptiBond XTR [OX]) under thermal cycling (TC) and long-term water storage (WS). The shear bond strengths to bovine enamel and dentin were determined using the etch-and-rinse and self-etch modes. Twelve specimens per test group were prepared and further divided into the following subgroups: 1) subjected to TC, 2) long-term WS, and 3) WS for 24 h (baseline). The enamel and dentin bond durability of GU was superior to those of CS and OX in different etching modes and under different degradation conditions. The latest two-step adhesive system, which utilizes universal adhesives’ benefits in its primer, might offer durable clinical bonding performances and can be widely used in a clinical setting.

著者

Shannon L. LADEAU Barbara A. HAN

出版者

日本野生動物医学会

雑誌

日本野生動物医学会誌 (ISSN:13426133)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.3, pp.53-58, 2016-04-30 (Released:2018-05-04)

参考文献数

32

---

ここ数十年間,ヒトや家畜,野生動物において新たに確認される疾病の数は増加している。これらの疾病の多くは,環境条件が変化した結果,生物種間の接触頻度が変わることで“emerge現れる”のである。従来の疾病生物学あるいは疫学研究は,対象となる1つの生物種におけるアウトブレイクパターンを理解しようとするものである。しかしながら,疾病管理対策には,野生動物,ヒト,家畜,そして潜在的な媒介動物集団にまたがる生態学的相互作用について,より包括的な理解が必要であることが,ますます明らかになってきている。本論文では,生態系における病原体動態の根底にある生態学的原則について紹介し,“disease ecology”分野の最前線の研究について取り上げる。病原体や寄生虫は,生態系に固有のものであるというよりはむしろ生態系を乱すものと考えられがちであるが,“disease ecology”の基本原理は,個体群および群集生態学の古典論に由来するものである。

著者

by A-'dzom 'Brug-pa 'Gro-'dul-dpa'-bo-rdo-rje

出版者

Institute for Advanced Studies of World Religions

巻号頁・発行日

0000

著者

edited by L. Lagóstena D. Bernal & A. Arévalo

出版者

John and Erica Hedges

巻号頁・発行日

2007

著者

BERN Howard A. NISHIOKA Richard S. BERN Howard A. NISHIOKA Richard S. BERN Howard A. NISHIOKA Richard S.

出版者

北海道大学水産学部

雑誌

北海道大學水産學部研究彙報 (ISSN:00183458)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.2, pp.55-67, 1993-05

著者

R. G. Baker T. A. Palumbo 山本 壮兵衛

出版者

一般社団法人 表面技術協会

雑誌

金属表面技術 (ISSN:00260614)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.6, pp.249-253, 1983-06-01 (Released:2009-10-30)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

A.カミュ 著

出版者

紀伊国屋書店

巻号頁・発行日

1968

著者

A. Tanakadale

出版者

THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN , The Mathematical Society of Japan

雑誌

Tokyo Sugaku-Butsurigaku Kwai Kiji (ISSN:21852669)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.2, pp.21-38_1, 1895 (Released:2010-03-16)

著者

A. Kumamoto

出版者

THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN , The Mathematical Society of Japan

雑誌

Tokyo Sugaku-Butsurigaku Kwai Kiji (ISSN:21852669)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.6, pp.344-345, 1891 (Released:2006-03-27)

著者

A. Tanakadate D. Nagaoka

出版者

THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN , The Mathematical Society of Japan

雑誌

Tokyo Sugaku-Butsurigaku Kwai Kiji (ISSN:21852669)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.1, pp.51-60, 1894 (Released:2009-06-09)

著者

A. KUMAMOTO

出版者

THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN , The Mathematical Society of Japan

雑誌

Tokyo Sugaku-Butsurigaku Kwai Kiji (ISSN:21852669)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.2, pp.153-161, 1885 (Released:2009-06-09)