著者
Schlitzer Reiner Anderson Robert F. Dodas Elena Masferrer Lohan Maeve Geibert Walter Tagliabue Alessandro Bowie Andrew Jeandel Catherine Maldonado Maria T. Landing William M. Cockwell Donna Abadie Cyril Abouchami Wafa Achterberg Eric P. Agather Alison Aguliar-Islas Ana van Aken Hendrik M. Andersen Morten Archer Corey Auro Maureen de Baar Hein J. Baars Oliver Baker Alex R. Bakker Karel Basak Chandranath Baskaran Mark Bates Nicholas R. Bauch Dorothea van Beek Pieter Behrens Melanie K. Black Erin Bluhm Katrin Bopp Laurent Bouman Heather Bowman Katlin Bown Johann Boyd Philip Boye Marie Boyle Edward A. Branellec Pierre Bridgestock Luke Brissebrat Guillaume Browning Thomas Bruland Kenneth W. Brumsack Hans-Jürgen Brzezinski Mark Buck Clifton S. Buck Kristen N. Buesseler Ken Bull Abby Butler Edward Cai Pinghe Mor Patricia Cámara Cardinal Damien Carlson Craig Carrasco Gonzalo Casacuberta Núria Casciotti Karen L. Castrillejo Maxi Chamizo Elena Chance Rosie Charette Matthew A. Chaves Joaquin E. Cheng Hai Chever Fanny Christl Marcus Church Thomas M. Closset Ivia Colman Albert Conway Tim M. Cossa Daniel Croot Peter Cullen Jay T. Cutter Gregory A. Daniels Chris Dehairs Frank Deng Feifei Dieu Huong Thi Duggan Brian Dulaquais Gabriel Dumousseaud Cynthia Echegoyen-Sanz Yolanda Edwards R. Lawrence Ellwood Michael Fahrbach Eberhard Fitzsimmons Jessica N. Russell Flegal A. Fleisher Martin Q. van de Flierdt Tina Frank Martin Friedrich Jana Fripiat Francois Fröllje Henning Galer Stephen J.G. Gamo Toshitaka Ganeshram Raja S. Garcia-Orellana Jordi Garcia-Solsona Ester Gault-Ringold Melanie George Ejin Gerringa Loes J.A. Gilbert Melissa Godoy Jose M. Goldstein Steven L. Gonzalez Santiago R. Grissom Karen Hammerschmidt Chad Hartman Alison Hassler Christel S. Hathorne Ed C. Hatta Mariko Hawco Nicholas Hayes Christopher T. Heimbürger Lars-Eric Helgoe Josh Heller Maija Henderson Gideon M. Henderson Paul B. van Heuven Steven Ho Peng Horner Tristan J. Hsieh Yu-Te Huang Kuo-Fang Humphreys Matthew P. Isshiki Kenji Jacquot Jeremy E. Janssen David J. Jenkins William J. John Seth Jones Elizabeth M. Jones Janice L. Kadko David C. Kayser Rick Kenna Timothy C. Khondoker Roulin Kim Taejin Kipp Lauren Klar Jessica K. Klunder Maarten Kretschmer Sven Kumamoto Yuichiro Laan Patrick Labatut Marie Lacan Francois Lam Phoebe J. Lambelet Myriam Lamborg Carl H. Le Moigne Frédéric A.C. Le Roy Emilie Lechtenfeld Oliver J. Lee Jong-Mi Lherminier Pascale Little Susan López-Lora Mercedes Lu Yanbin Masque Pere Mawji Edward Mcclain Charles R. Measures Christopher Mehic Sanjin Barraqueta Jan-Lukas Menzel van der Merwe Pier Middag Rob Mieruch Sebastian Milne Angela Minami Tomoharu Moffett James W. Moncoiffe Gwenaelle Moore Willard S. Morris Paul J. Morton Peter L. Nakaguchi Yuzuru Nakayama Noriko Niedermiller John Nishioka Jun Nishiuchi Akira Noble Abigail Obata Hajime Ober Sven Ohnemus Daniel C. van Ooijen Jan O'Sullivan Jeanette Owens Stephanie Pahnke Katharina Paul Maxence Pavia Frank Pena Leopoldo D. Peters Brian Planchon Frederic Planquette Helene Pradoux Catherine Puigcorbé Viena Quay Paul Queroue Fabien Radic Amandine Rauschenberg S. Rehkämper Mark Rember Robert Remenyi Tomas Resing Joseph A. Rickli Joerg Rigaud Sylvain Rijkenberg Micha J.A. Rintoul Stephen Robinson Laura F. Roca-Martí Montserrat Rodellas Valenti Roeske Tobias Rolison John M. Rosenberg Mark Roshan Saeed Rutgers van der Loeff Michiel M. Ryabenko Evgenia Saito Mak A. Salt Lesley A. Sanial Virginie Sarthou Geraldine Schallenberg Christina Schauer Ursula Scher Howie Schlosser Christian Schnetger Bernhard Scott Peter Sedwick Peter N. Semiletov Igor Shelley Rachel Sherrell Robert M. Shiller Alan M. Sigman Daniel M. Singh Sunil Kumar Slagter Hans A. Slater Emma Smethie William M. Snaith Helen Sohrin Yoshiki Sohst Bettina Sonke Jeroen E. Speich Sabrina Steinfeldt Reiner Stewart Gillian Stichel Torben Stirling Claudine H. Stutsman Johnny Swarr Gretchen J. Swift James H. Thomas Alexander Thorne Kay Till Claire P. Till Ralph Townsend Ashley T. Townsend Emily Tuerena Robyn Twining Benjamin S. Vance Derek Velazquez Sue Venchiarutti Celia Villa-Alfageme Maria Vivancos Sebastian M. Voelker Antje H.L. Wake Bronwyn Warner Mark J. Watson Ros van Weerlee Evaline Alexandra Weigand M. Weinstein Yishai Weiss Dominik Wisotzki Andreas Woodward E. Malcolm S. Wu Jingfeng Wu Yingzhe Wuttig Kathrin Wyatt Neil Xiang Yang Xie Ruifang C. Xue Zichen Yoshikawa Hisayuki Zhang Jing Zhang Pu Zhao Ye Zheng Linjie Zheng Xin-Yuan Zieringer Moritz Zimmer Louise A. Ziveri Patrizia Zunino Patricia Zurbrick Cheryl
出版者
Elsevier BV
雑誌
Chemical Geology (ISSN:00092541)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.493, pp.210-223, 2018-08-20
被引用文献数
258

The GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2017 (IDP2017) is the second publicly available data product of the international GEOTRACES programme, and contains data measured and quality controlled before the end of 2016. The IDP2017 includes data from the Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic, Southern and Indian oceans, with about twice the data volume of the previous IDP2014. For the first time, the IDP2017 contains data for a large suite of biogeochemical parameters as well as aerosol and rain data characterising atmospheric trace element and isotope (TEI) sources. The TEI data in the IDP2017 are quality controlled by careful assessment of intercalibration results and multi-laboratory data comparisons at crossover stations. The IDP2017 consists of two parts: (1) a compilation of digital data for more than 450 TEIs as well as standard hydrographic parameters, and (2) the eGEOTRACES Electronic Atlas providing an on-line atlas that includes more than 590 section plots and 130 animated 3D scenes. The digital data are provided in several formats, including ASCII, Excel spreadsheet, netCDF, and Ocean Data View collection. Users can download the full data packages or make their own custom selections with a new on-line data extraction service. In addition to the actual data values, the IDP2017 also contains data quality flags and 1-σ data error values where available. Quality flags and error values are useful for data filtering and for statistical analysis. Metadata about data originators, analytical methods and original publications related to the data are linked in an easily accessible way. The eGEOTRACES Electronic Atlas is the visual representation of the IDP2017 as section plots and rotating 3D scenes. The basin-wide 3D scenes combine data from many cruises and provide quick overviews of large-scale tracer distributions. These 3D scenes provide geographical and bathymetric context that is crucial for the interpretation and assessment of tracer plumes near ocean margins or along ridges. The IDP2017 is the result of a truly international effort involving 326 researchers from 25 countries. This publication provides the critical reference for unpublished data, as well as for studies that make use of a large cross-section of data from the IDP2017. This article is part of a special issue entitled: Conway GEOTRACES - edited by Tim M. Conway, Tristan Horner, Yves Plancherel, and Aridane G. González.
著者
金田 栄祐 平尾 邦雄 足原 修 清水 幹夫 伊藤 富造 小田 稔 KANEDA E. HIRAO K. ASHIHARA O. SHIMIZU M. ITOH T. ODA M.
出版者
宇宙科学研究所
雑誌
宇宙科学研究所報告. 特集: ハレー彗星探査計画報告 (ISSN:02859920)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.19, pp.111-124, 1987-03

The Ultraviolet Imager aboard Suisei, the first Japanese interplanetary spacecraft, successfully ended ist mission by continuously observing the Ly α intensities of comet Halley. The major findings obtained from these observations are as follows : 1) Strong short-term variation of the Ly α intensities of comet Halley; Such a rapid variation was quite unexpected in the knowledge of the past Ly α observations of comet. In relation to this variation, an accurate determination of the rotation period of this comet was attempted (52.9 hours). 2) The first measurement of the Ly α intensities from within a thick hydrogen cloud of comet. While the intensity distribution as a function of the distance from the nucleus approximately follows that predicted by the Haser model, it is also compatible with the jet repetition model. 3) Existence of a fine structure in the above photometry data, which possibly represents local enhancements of the atomic hydrogen density. 4) Brightness variation within one rotational period was pursued, producing an outburst occurrence diagram. The rapid variation of the Ly α intensities as observed suggests that in an outburst event there must be involved a small amount of hydrogen-containing molecules whose photodissociation lifetimes are quite short. 5) The observed images are brighter (overally twice) than those expected from the nominal model by IACC/WG.
著者
向井 利典 三宅 亘 寺沢 敏夫 平尾 邦雄 MUKAI T. MIYAKE W. TERASAWA T. HIRAO K.
出版者
宇宙科学研究所
雑誌
宇宙科学研究所報告. 特集: 宇宙観測研究報告 (ISSN:02859920)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.14, pp.59-74, 1986-03

本論文は, ハレー彗星探査機「すいせい」に搭載された太陽風観測装置の最初の2ヶ月間のイオン観測をまとめたものである。探査機はハレー彗星への巡行中であり, 最接近に向けて太陽風そのものの観測を行っている。現在は太陽活動極小期にあるため, 太陽風の状態は太陽自転に同期した典型的な変動を示している。観測器の性能は予期した以上のものを発揮し, H^+とHe^<++>の区別は勿論, O^<+6>, Si^<+7>, Si^<+8>等, 極微量成分の弁別まで可能である。これら重粒子イオンは太陽コロナの情報をもたらす貴重なデータであり, 特に低速度の太陽風で明瞭に観測されている。又, 太陽風のミクロな物理現象として, アルヴェン波やプロトンの温度異方性の存在も見出された。さらに, 流速が低速から高速に変化する時に速度ベクトルが西向きに大きく変化することも判った。これは低速域に高速流が追いついてきたときの相互作用によって生じたものと考えられる。
著者
TANI T Wada Naoya
出版者
富山大学
雑誌
FES Far Eastern Studies (ISSN:13477250)
巻号頁・発行日
no.5, pp.45-55, 2006-05
被引用文献数
1

Summer night temperatures are increasing across most of the globe. In this study, we attempted to detect variability in recent increasing trends in summer night temperatures in Japan. Hourly night temperatures higher than 25°C and 30°C measured by the Automated Meteorological Data Acquisition System (AMeDAS) of the Japan Meteorological Agency were accumulated for each night during each of six approximately 10 day periods during July and August from 1979 to 2002. These two parameters, called ANT25 and ANT30,were used for our analyses. Although increasing trends in night temperature were conspicuous in large cities such as Tokyo, Osaka, and Nagoya, they were also observed widely throughout Japan, including small cities and rural areas. The highest rates of increase in ANT25 were found in early August from Kanto and Hokuriku districts and to the west along the coast. The effects of night warming on rice production in Japan are discussed
著者
HIGUCHI T.
雑誌
Adv. Anal. Chem. Instrum.
巻号頁・発行日
vol.4, pp.117-211, 1965
被引用文献数
1
著者
Sugioka Rikuto Matsuno Kohei Takahashi Keigo D. Makabe Ryosuke Takahashi Kunio T. Moteki Masato Odate Tsuneo Yamaguchi Atsushi
出版者
北海道大学大学院水産科学研究院
雑誌
北海道大学水産科学研究彙報 (ISSN:24353353)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.71, no.1, pp.39-50, 2021-08-03

Various zooplankton studies have been conducted in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean, but studies investigating spatial changes in both meso- and macro-zooplankton populations are limited. To reveal the north-south change of the mesoand macro-zooplankton community structure and the population structure of large copepods, we investigated zooplankton communities collected by the Ocean Research Institute (ORI) net along the 110°E transect in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean during the austral summer. The zooplankton abundance and biomass were high at the stations north of 60°S and was dominated by large copepods, especially Calanoides acutus. A cluster analysis identified four zooplankton community groups. The distribution pattern of the community groups is likely to be related to the frontal system. The population structure of the dominant species of C. acutus, Calanus propinquus and Rhincalanus gigas had a similar tendency ; early copepodite stages were abundant in the northern region, while late copepodite stages dominated in the southern region. The meridional changes in the population structure are explained by different reproduction periods in each region related to sea-ice melt timing.
著者
S. Twomey T. Cocks
出版者
Meteorological Society of Japan
雑誌
気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.60, no.1, pp.583-592, 1982 (Released:2007-10-19)
参考文献数
16
被引用文献数
59 67

近赤外領域では,水と氷は弱い吸収を示し,雲の波長別反射率は雲粒の平均粒径に依存する。したがって,もし雲の光学的厚さがわかれば,雲の反射率測定は雲の微物理的情報をもたらし,雲の微物理構造の遠隔測定法となりうると考えられる。この論文では,分光反射率と同時に,粒径と雲水量の直接測定がなされた雲に対し,反射スペクトルの実測値と計算値の比較を行なった。その結果は,未だ解決出来ない不一致を示し,遠隔測定を試みるに至つていない。
著者
Hiroshi Okada Mitsuko Onda Masaki Shoji Naoki Sakane Yasushi Nakagawa Takashi Sozu Yui Kitajima Ross T. Tsuyuki Takeo Nakayama
出版者
International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio-Sciences Advancement
雑誌
BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.11, no.6, pp.632-639, 2017-12-31 (Released:2018-01-09)
参考文献数
30
被引用文献数
13 28

The COMmunity Pharamcists ASSist for Blood Pressure (COMPASS-BP) study aimed to assess the effectiveness of lifestyle support programs administered in community pharmacies on hypertension control. This open-label, two-armed parallel group, cluster-randomized controlled trial included 73 pharmacies (clusters) in Japan randomized to a control or intervention group. Eligible hypertensive patients (n = 125), aged 20-75 years, received the intervention (n = 64) or the control treatment (n = 61), as dictated by their pharmacy randomization. Patients in the intervention group received brochures and healthy lifestyle advice from pharmacists using motivational interviewing methods during pharmacy visits over a 12-week period, with their usual pharmacy care. Conversely, the control group just received usual care. The main outcome measure was a change in morning systolic blood pressure (SBP) from baseline to week 12. The intervention group exhibited a decrease in morning SBP that was 6.0 mmHg greater than that of the control group (95% confidence interval [CI]: −11.0 to −0.9, p = 0.021). In a mixed-effect model for repeated measures analysis, the intergroup difference in morning SBP decrease was −4.5 mmHg (95% CI: −8.5 to −0.6, p = 0.024). Our findings indicate that implementation of a lifestyle advice program in pharmacies is feasible and may lead to reduced blood pressure.
著者
NGUYEN T. Hanh ISHIJIMA Kentaro SUGAWARA Satoshi HASEBE Fumio
出版者
公益社団法人 日本気象学会
雑誌
気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)
巻号頁・発行日
2021

<p> Stratospheric profiles of the mean age of air estimated from cryogenic air samples acquired during a field campaign over Indonesia, the Coordinated Upper-Troposphere-to-Stratosphere Balloon Experiment in Biak (CUBE/Biak), are investigated by employing the boundary impulse evolving response (BIER) method and Lagrangian backward trajectories, with the aid of an atmospheric general circulation model-based chemistry transport model (ACTM). The ACTM provides realistic meteorological fields at one-hour intervals by nudging toward the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis-Interim (ERA-Interim). Since the BIER method is capable of taking unresolved diffusive processes into account, while the Lagrangian method can distinguish the pathways the air parcels took before reaching the sample site, the application of the two methods to the common transport field simulated by the ACTM is useful in assessing the CO<sub>2</sub>- and SF<sub>6</sub>-derived mean ages. The reliability of the simulated transport field has been verified by the reproducibility of the observed CO<sub>2</sub>, SF<sub>6</sub>, and water vapor profiles using the Lagrangian method. The profile of CO<sub>2</sub> age is reproduced reasonably well by the Lagrangian method with a small young bias being consistent with the termination of trajectories in finite length of time, whereas the BIER method overestimates the CO<sub>2</sub> age above 25 km altitude possibly due to high diffusivity in the transport model. In contrast, the SF<sub>6</sub> age is only reproducible in the lower stratosphere, and far exceeds the estimates from the Lagrangian method above 25 km altitude. As air parcels of mesospheric origin are excluded in the Lagrangian age estimation, this discrepancy, together with the fact that the observed SF<sub>6</sub> mole fractions are much lower than the trajectory-derived values in this height region, supports the idea that the stratospheric air samples are mixed with SF<sub>6</sub>-depleted mesospheric air, leading to overestimation of the mean age.</p>
著者
S.M.D.T ランブクピティヤ Rambukpitiya S.M.D.T
出版者
久留米大学外国語教育研究所
雑誌
久留米大学外国語教育研究所紀要 = Bulletin of the Institute of Foreign Language Education Kurume University (ISSN:13406175)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.28, pp.47-86, 2021-03-31

スリランカ人日本語学習者の感謝に値する場面についての理解及び感謝の言語表現についての使用は中間言語的なものであり、その原因の一つはスリランカで使用されている日本語の教科書にあると考えられる。そこで本研究では、スリランカで開発・出版され、高校生を対象としている教科書『スリランカ高校日本語A レベル サチニさんといっしょ』Part1と2から、日本語母語話者なら言語で感謝を表すだろうと考えられるが感謝表現が見られない会話場面を、①先行研究の指摘と参照、②日本で出版された教科書の類似した会話場面と比較、③日本語母語話者の意見の収集という3つの方法で分析した。分析の結果、教科書の改善に重要な点として、『サチニ』には、場面を理解するために必要不可欠な人間関係、場、状況設定などについての情報が不足していること、感謝を表す場面で見られる謝罪型表現の記載がないこと、感謝を課題として扱っていないことを明らかにした。
著者
M. A. ELZEIR T. HIBINO
出版者
Japan Society of Civil Engineers
雑誌
水工学論文集 (ISSN:09167374)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.43, pp.827-832, 1999-02-10 (Released:2010-08-25)
参考文献数
12
被引用文献数
1 2

The Suez Canal is an important water-transport route all over the world. Two hydrodynamic issues related to the flow within the canal are worthy of consideration: sedimentation in the northern section of the canal and high velocity current in the southern section of the canal. To address the sedimentation issue, a large program of dredging works is being undertaken. A numerical model is presently being developed to simulate flow in the canal with a special attention paid to the south part. This model is the focus of the present study. The model is a two-dimensional depth averaged finite element model utilizing independent open boundaries at the north and south ends of the canal. The radiation and modified long wave boundary conditions are compared. Due to its accuracy and flexibility to suit different forcing conditions, the radiation boundary condition shows superiority over the modified long-wave formulation. The simulation results reflect most of the physical phenomena observed in the canal.
著者
Rauzah Hashim N. Idayu Zahid T. S. Velayutham Nurul Fadhilah Kamalul Aripin Shigesaburo Ogawa Akihiko Sugimura
出版者
Japan Oil Chemists' Society
雑誌
Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.67, no.6, pp.651-668, 2018 (Released:2018-06-01)
参考文献数
99
被引用文献数
2 26

Also recognized as carbohydrate liquid crystals, glycolipids are amphiphiles whose basic unit comprises of a sugar group attached to an alkyl chain. Glycolipids are amphitropic, which means these materials form liquid crystal self-assemblies when dry (thermotropic) as well as when dissolved in solvents (lyotropic/surfactants) such as water. Many glycolipids are also naturally derived since these can be found in cell membranes. Their membrane and surfactant functions are largely understood through their lyotropic properties. While glycolipids are expected to play major roles as eco-friendly surfactants in the global surfactant market, their usefulness as thermotropic liquid crystal material is, to date, unknown, due to relatively lack of research performed and data reported in the literature. Understandably since glycolipids are hygroscopic with many hydroxy groups, removing the last trace water is very challenging. In recent time, with careful lyophilization and more consistent characterization technique, some researchers have attempted serious studies into “dry” or anhydrous glycolipids. Motivated by possible developments of novel thermotropic applications, some results from these studies also provide surprising new understanding to support conventional wisdom of the lyotropic systems. Here we review the dry state of glycosides, a family of glycolipids whose sugar headgroup is linked to the lipid chain via a glycosidic oxygen linker. The structure property relationship of both linear and anhydrous Guerbet glycosides will be examined. In particular, how the variation of sugar stereochemistry (e.g. anomer vs. epimer), the chain length and chain branching affect the formation of thermotropic liquid crystals phases, which not only located under equilibrium but also far from equilibrium conditions (glassy phase) are scrutinized. The dry glycolipid assembly has been subjected to electric and magnetic fields and the results show interesting behaviors including a possible transient current generation.
著者
Euis T. YUNINGSIH Hiroharu MATSUEDA Ildrem SYAFRIE
出版者
Japan Association of Mineralogical Sciences
雑誌
Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences (ISSN:13456296)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.113, no.6, pp.293-309, 2018 (Released:2018-12-29)
参考文献数
49

Tellurium–bearing gold, silver, and base metal assemblages characterize the epithermal mineralization in southwestern Hokkaido, Japan. The telluride deposits in this district consist of quartz–filled fracture systems of Late Miocene to Pliocene age. Most of the telluride mineralization in southwestern Hokkaido consists of vein systems or are massive in form. The dominant host rocks for this deposit type are intermediate to acid volcanic rocks. The gangue and alteration minerals are very fine to fine–grained quartz, chalcedony, anatase, zeolite, sericite, barite, adularia, chlorite, smectite or other clay mineral, while carbonate (calcite and rhodocrosite) and Mn minerals are poorly represented and rarely coexist with tellurides. The country rocks suffered argillic and propylitic alterations, silicification, and kaolinitization. Tellurium–bearing mineralization is related to or co–exists with sulfide and sulfosalt mineralization. The tellurides identified in the studied area consist of native tellurium, hessite, stutzite, petzite, sylvanite, calaverite, tellurobismuthite, tetradymite, Se–bearing tetradymite, tellurantimony, goldfieldite, altaite, coloradoite, tellurite, teineite, and poughite. The first crystallized telluride minerals such as native tellurium, stutzite, petzite, sylvanite and hessite are followed by calaverite, coloradoite, tellurobismuthite, tellurantimony, and altaite, indicating a decline in tellurium activity during telluride deposition with time. Microthermometry of fluid inclusions in quartz and barite indicate that the mineralization formed at moderate temperatures, ranging from 250–200 °C with low average salinity (1.9–5.7 wt% NaClequiv.). The shift in mineralogy reflects decreases in temperature and fugacity of sulfur, with a concomitant increase in fugacity of tellurium. Further decrease in fugacity of tellurium (coupled with decreasing fugacity of sulfur) resulted in deposition of Au–Ag–Te and other tellurides.