3 0 0 0 IR ディドロの天才論--ディドロの能力観及び公教育論の限界についての一考察
- 著者
- 田沼 光明
- 出版者
- 三田哲學會
- 雑誌
- 哲学 (ISSN:05632099)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- no.87, pp.p257-280, 1988-12
序第一章. ディドロの「天才」の概念 A. 天才の素質、集中力の問題とその稀少性について B. 天才の独創性第二章. 『大学論』の位相第三章. 天才への教育的配慮 A. 天才を損うものと天才の扱い方 B. 天才と社会結語
3 0 0 0 IR 神秘主義のエロス的形態 : 聖ベルナール論
- 著者
- 井筒 俊彦
- 出版者
- 三田哲學會
- 雑誌
- 哲學 (ISSN:05632099)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- no.27, pp.33-64, 1951-08
第一章. ベルナールの歴史的価値第二章. ベルナールの性格
3 0 0 0 IR 絶対か相対か : 同一性と種別概念の結び付きをめぐって
- 著者
- 横路 佳幸
- 出版者
- 三田哲學會
- 雑誌
- 哲学 (ISSN:05632099)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.137, pp.115-143, 2016-03
投稿論文
3 0 0 0 IR ヒトのスケジュ-ル誘導性行動
- 著者
- 望月 要
- 出版者
- 三田哲學會
- 雑誌
- 哲学 (ISSN:05632099)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- no.96, pp.p129-153, 1994-01
0. スケジュール誘導性行動1. ヒトのスケジュール誘導性行動 1.1. 攻撃行動 1.2. 飲食行動 1.3. 身体の動き・喫煙行動2. ヒトのSIB研究の特殊性 2.1. スケジュール・強化子の定義 2.2. スケジュール・パフォーマンス 2.3. ベースライン 2.4. IRIとSIB頻度の関係とSIBの時間分布3. ヒトのSIB研究の意義と今後の展望The intermittent presentation of food to a food deprived animal has been shown to result in the appearance of a class of behaviros collectively referred to as adjunctive behavior or schedule-induced behavior. Within the animal literature behaviors such as polydipsia, aggression, pica, excessive food consumption have been classified as schedule-induced. While schedule-induced behavior investigations have been extended to include the study of human subjects, the procedure and the way of data analysis in human studies have usually differed from those in animal studies. The schedule-induced studies in human are critically reviewed in this paper and following problems are pointed out. (1) Arbitrary definition of the operant behavior and the reinforcer in the human studies. (2) The lack of assessment for schedule performances. (3) The use of inappropriate control procedures to assess the baseline rate of behavior. (4) The relationship between the inter-reinforcement interval and the amount of schedule-induced behavior was not clear.
3 0 0 0 OA 家元制度に関する基礎的考察 : 芸術社会学における一つの問題
- 著者
- 山岸 健
- 出版者
- 慶應義塾大学
- 雑誌
- 哲學 (ISSN:05632099)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.37, pp.27-56, 1959-12
1. 序2. 芸術社会学の課題3. 家元集団の構造4. 芸道について5. 型ということ6. 結語By the word "Iemoto", literally an "original house", is here meant the "originator" of a school in characteristic Japanese art or ceremony, such as "Cha-no-yu" (tea-ceremony), "Ikebana" (flower arrangement), etc. The "Iemoto" system consists of an originator or head master and his pupils ar followers. In the "Iemoto" system there are so many rules which must be strictly observed by the members of the group. In the present essay the writer, from the sociological point of view sees into the relations between the head master and his pupils, studying some of the fundamental regulations that should be kept by the pupils. The "Iemoto" must keep the traditional forms of art and faithfully hand them down to posterity. The faithful observance of the forms means the maintenance of the traditions and authority of the original house. The present writer regards the pupils' respect for the traditional forms and the original house as the fundamental element to the "Iemoto" system. It may be said that the problems of the "Iemoto" system should inevitable be studied in relation to those of the characteristic Japanese family system. And as to this point the writer intends to make a thorough investigation in the near future.
- 著者
- 松本 正夫
- 出版者
- 慶應義塾大学
- 雑誌
- 哲學 (ISSN:05632099)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.34, pp.149-178, 1958-01
小林澄兄先生古稀記念論文集Since the translation of "The Mind and Heart of Love", a work by Rev. M.C. D'Arcy, was recently published, I tried to give a sort of comment and criticism on the several subjects I pickcd up from it. According to modern subjectivism, thing in itself is denied and thing as such is considered nothing else but an objectivation or projection of a central subject, in a word, it becomes merely a certain mode of subject itself. In such German idealism, just like in oriental monism, all is ego though it does recognize the difference between small and big ego and there is no room for the true existence of thouness. Thing in itself is exactly what the category of substance signified in the traditional philosophy and it occupied a highly estimated position in the field though modern philosophy lowered and dismissed it. Substance means simply that a thing is identical with itself solely by itself without any help from the other and does not mean necessarily that a thing is immutable and incorruptible in its essence. It is an assurance that some things can keep their own subjectivity in a perfect independence from conscious subject or ego. Therefore thing in itself is a necessary presupposition of thouness. It is said that true love exists between "I and you", not between "I and it". However even in the case of "I and it", "it" is not a merely projection of "I", "it" really transcends me as a thing in itself. In the case of "I and you", "you" transcends me as a thing in itself; yet here "you" is not only "in itself" but also "for itself", and so "you" is a subject (a mind) just like "I". Considering the difference between Eros and Agape, it is commonly admitted that Eros is self-immanent-love and Agape is self-transcendent-love. I am opposed to this doctrine and wish to say that the former is a love for man and the latter is a love for God. And in these cases of (1) thing-love (if admitted to say so) and (2) man-love and (3) god-love, both that self-immanent-love and that self-transcendent-love always coexist but in some different degrees as follows. In the case of (1) the former must be more and the latter less, in the case of (2) the former and the latter are almost equal in amount and in the case of (3) the former must be quite less and the latter must be the most part. This self-immanent-love is compared to animus, that is, the masculine character and this self-transcendent-love to anima, that is, the feminine character. According to Rev. D'Arcy, the former is further considered as an essential ego and the latter as an existential ego and humanism corresponds to the former and mysticism to the latter. Against this conclusion I suggested that there is no real division between both egos and their operations are mostly done together. So in a long run they must be considered one. Thus I emphasized the roll which animus takes in mysticism when not only anima but also animus, that is, the whole ego is overwhelmed by the gift from above. In the end I argued against Rev. D'Arcy's voluntarism which claims the immanent character of reason and the transcendent character of will, with the intellectualism which, to my analysis, depends on the fact of transcendency of reason and of immanency of will.
3 0 0 0 IR 講演 感性の越境 : 芸術と生活を通じたプラグマティズムの哲学
- 著者
- シュスターマン リチャード 大石 昌史
- 出版者
- 三田哲學會
- 雑誌
- 哲学 (ISSN:05632099)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.131, pp.323-348, 2013-03
講演この発表は, 私の哲学的研究を導いてきた, また, 身体感性論somaesthetics の中心をなす理論と実践の統合を強調するところの, 越境的で経験的な探究inquiry のプラグマティックなモデルを検証するものである. 基本的な考え方は, 探究は, その過程で獲得される経験, すなわち, 継続中の探究がそのエネルギーを将来の方向へ向け, また, その結果を回顧的な確認へと向かわせるところの力動的な経験を通じて, 探究それ自体として, 新たな方向, 形式, 方法, 基準を発展させ得るということである. (このようなモデルは, 探究には, 独立に基礎づけられ, 探究の過程に先立つ, 探究と評価を支配する外的な基準となるところの方法の確定や妥当性の論理的な基準が必要だとする, よく知られた考え方とは対照的である. )私は, このような探究の経験的モデルを, 私の美学的研究における例証を通じて, すなわち, どのようにプラグマティズムの美学における探究が身体感性論の試みへと, そして現代アートの研究, および芸術的パフォーマンスを通じた探究という考えへと至ったかを跡づけることによって, 検証する. なお, この発表は, 『プラグマティズムの美学(生き生きとした芸術)Pragmatist Aesthetics (L'art à l'état vif)』の(フランス語版と英語版の)出版20周年を記念したソルボンヌ大学での国際会議と連動して, (2012年5月24日から6月6日まで)パリで私が企画した最近の芸術展示に依存している.
3 0 0 0 OA 歴史社会学における文化論的アプローチと段階論的アプローチ
- 著者
- 竹内 治彦
- 出版者
- 慶應義塾大学
- 雑誌
- 哲學 (ISSN:05632099)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.90, pp.73-99, 1990
社会史の流行がとりざたされるようになってから10年以上の歳月が過ぎようとしている.また近年,歴史的社会学(Historical Sociology)等の名称をかかげた雑誌が,とくに英語圏で発刊されている.それらに共通しているのは,歴史家サイドが,社会学ないし社会科学一般のもつ理論性や一般化に興味をもち,歴史学の可能性を拡げてゆこうとしていることである.ブローデル等の主張するような,歴史学を歴史的社会科学として再興しようとする姿勢がそれである.このような問題関心につきうごかされた歴史学の諸研究の業績は豊かなものであり,一定の影響力をもつものに成長を遂げているように思われる.これに対し,社会学のサイドでは歴史的な資料活用の可能性をめぐっての研究は残念ながら大きな潮流をなしているとはいいがたい.しかしながら,その研究がまったく途絶えているといえるものでもないし,近年,歴史学サイドの社会史の活動に触発されて,新しいアプローチを模索する研究も進んでいると考える.本稿では,そのような歴史社会学的研究を参照しながら,社会学に歴史的な観点を導入することによるメリットについて考えてみたい.そのさい,歴史社会学的な研究を,研究対象の拡がりにしたがって,文化論的アプローチに区分する.さらに,この四つのアプローチのうち,歴史社会学の可能性をめぐる重点が,段階論的アプローチと文化論的アプローチの対比にあると主張し,そのうちでも文化論的アプローチのもつ二つの利点を強調してみたい.それは一つには,生活主体の側から,社会の歴史を再構成する可能性をもっていることであり,またもう一つには,かって「近代化論の再興」が議論されたさいに問題となった伝統と近代の問題にたいし,文化論的アプローチが一つの解決を与えてゆく可能性をもっていることである.
3 0 0 0 OA 政治社会学の問題領域
- 著者
- 唐澤 和義
- 出版者
- 慶應義塾大学
- 雑誌
- 哲學 (ISSN:05632099)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.54, pp.167-192, 1969-11
一. 社会体制論の有効性 : communityとassociationに関連して二. 政治体系論・政治体制論の諸説三. 正当性の背景 : ユートピア、イデオロギー、ビジョン1. Politics represents "authoritative allocation of scarce resources for a society." The appropriate maintenance of a total society requires authoritative allocation of scarce resources. Therefore it is necessary to organize this distribution. This organization is formed and executed by the social groups that make up the entire society. Conforming to their respective purpose, the organization and its norms give direction to society as a whole. Thus the relationship between social thought and social groups is extremely important for political sociologists. 2. The following theories concern interaction between an organization and its purpose. K. Marx pointed out an organization related to production as economic-social formation (okonomische gesellschaform). M. Duverger analysed the organization in the social situation. K. Loewenstein denned as the limit of effect about the organization, and classifed it through the rule. J. Watanuki regarded the organization as the political system which has coordinated function of both out-put and in-put. The connection of the purpose with the organization will manage to maintain itself in harmony with the total society. Namely this connection is systematized by the dominant purpose in the total society and the organized activity with some intention. The social regime has a character connected with the established purpose of the organization and which may be transformed into the different one when its effectiveness is lost by the change of the social situation. 3. Once they doubt the effectiveness of the social regime, then social groups with new purpose for maintaining society emerge. They attempt to obtain majority support, but are unable to organize and are inclined to lack the ability to execute their ideas. They end up as Utopian thinkers with the sole purpose and organization of social criticism alone. Ideology is the thought which would be supported by the majority in the total society and would form the organization of the new purpose into the different way and would clearly define a new organization more effectively than the former. When the new purpose of the organization is be dominant, it operates toward the self-preservation and maintenance of the total society. The self-preservation would adapt to the change of the social situation and develop flexibly the planning through the feedback which operates the organization. Vision is the thought which revises its purpose. The thought it-self would move the emphasis from future purpose to actual reform in accordance with the nature of it's thought. My subject of political sociology aims at the decision-making process which coordinates the connection of the purpose with the organization and the social situation.
- 著者
- 椋尾 麻子
- 出版者
- 慶應義塾大学
- 雑誌
- 哲學 (ISSN:05632099)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.112, pp.165-186, 2004-03
特集家族とその社会的生活世界の探求研究ノートはじめに社会構築主義(社会問題の構築主義的アプローチ)ポスト構造主義的アプローチローティのネオ・プラグマティズムおわりにThis essay is a study of the "anti-essentialist" approaches as the methodology in the realm of sociology and human sciences, which have become prevalent for recent years. Here, I would like to examine the following three types of "anti-essentialism": 1) the social constructionism which has been developed mainly in a sociology of social problems; 2) the post-structuralism such as the feminism, cultural studies and post-colonial studies; and 3) Richard Rorty's Neo pragmatism. They all have a great deal of studies evolved under the impact of so-called the linguistic turn. It appears, however, they sometimes come into conflicts as their targets and goals are not common to but different from each other. My primary concern is to review comparative studies of these approaches extensively, and thus to explore the potentialities and/or limitations of the "anti-essentialism" in a sociological perspective. Talking about the narratives of the "anti-essentialist" theory, special attention is given to the positionality of the speaker-including analyst/researcher. In this context, it may be recognized as a new method in sociological research distinct from preceding approaches and dislocating them. Such a stance, I presume, rather signifies the thoroughness in theoretical setting of sociological issues.
3 0 0 0 OA 近代の家族生活とピアノ文化(<特集>変容する社会と家族)
- 著者
- 水野 宏美
- 出版者
- 慶應義塾大学
- 雑誌
- 哲學 (ISSN:05632099)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.106, pp.59-91, 2001-03
特集変容する社会と家族投稿論文1. はじめに (1) ルソーの夢 (2) 本稿の目的と構成2. ピアノ文化の外的要因 (1) 気候的要因 (2) 技術的要因3. ピアノ文化の内的要因 (1) 近代家族のイデオロギー (2) 経済的要因 (3) 教育的要因 (4) ジェンダー的要因 (5) 資本的要因4. ピアノ文化における親子関係の変容 (1) 19世紀近代家族のピアノ体験 (2) 20世紀近代家族のピアノ体験 (3) 四つの要因5. おわりに (1) 19世紀近代家族 (2) 20世紀近代家族 (3) 近代家族の揺らぎ (4) 近代家族の規定力The purpose of this thesis is to consider the relation between parent-child relations and culture in modern family. My concern here is mainly children's practice on the piano, so-called, piano culture and its parent-child relations. I would like to emphasize certain similarities of piano culture in the type of modern family. Piano culture existed from the very era when the modern family was formed, and was supported historically by the modern family both in the West and the East. Modern family has an ascetic Ethos to the education of children in the family. So, it is not unreasonable to think that piano culture is a symbol of modern family and a device to perform modern family. I attempted to adopt Kamakura city for my case study and interviewed 10 residents. It is generally considered that the socialization in modern family had a feature that the parent played a main role in socializing the child. With the advent of historical and economic developments, the parent-child relation have been diversified. The conclusion is that parents tend to desire the child-centered socialization or have the child take his or her own responsibility and control by himself or herself.
3 0 0 0 OA 過去の物語と計画概念 : 何が人生を構造化するのか
- 著者
- 長門 裕介
- 出版者
- 三田哲學會
- 雑誌
- 哲學 (ISSN:05632099)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- no.133, pp.149-165, 2014-03 (Released:2014-00-00)
投稿論文 Over the past few decades, some philosophers have argued for the importance of temporal structures in any discussion of the meaning of life or a theory of happiness. Contrary to the notion of sum-ranking, much work has shown that the estimate of well-being or self-esteem varies with context and the role that narrative understanding plays in the whole of human life.With this position in mind, I focus in this paper on two intentions that are used for understanding one's whole life from the viewpoint of the self. First, this understanding involves one's intentional stance toward past time. This stance plays a role in the integration of various human experiences into a coherent plot or a story-line (called the "narrative mode) on the basis of a particular perspective. Another intentional stance sets the appropriate means-ends connection in human life. To make one's whole life intelligible, these two intentions must have a complementary relation.Based on this perspective, I present some suggestions for the practical estimation of one's whole life.
3 0 0 0 IR アリストテレスの三段論法における格の問題
- 著者
- 大出 晃
- 出版者
- 三田哲學會
- 雑誌
- 哲学 (ISSN:05632099)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- no.43, 1963-10
Il s'est dit traditionellement qu'il n'existe pas la quatrieme figure dans le classement aristotelicien des syllogismes assertoriques. Ce qui ne signifie pas, comme il est bien connu, qu'Aristote ne reconnaisse les syllogismes de la quatrieme figure pour valides. Le philosophe examine tous les syllogismes de la quatrieme figure et les admet pour valides, mais il ne les classe pas dans une figure particuliere qui est nommee au cours de temps la figure galenique. Pourquoi donc n'existe-t-il pas la quatrieme figure dans son classement ? Les explications donnees par des commentateurs, me semble-t-il, n'eclaircissent pas beaucoup ce probleme. Au congres de l'association japonaise pour philosophie des sciences tenu au mois de mai 1959, j'ai propose une explication qui le concerne. Mon argument en est suivant Le classement ordinaire des syllogismes aristoteliciens suppose qu'Aristote lui-meme le fasse selon la meme methode que celle-ci: [table] Mais a mon avis cette supposition ne trouve aucune justification dans l'interpretation fidele du texte d'Analytica Priora. La methode de classement authentiquement aristotelicien est plutot suivante: [table] En bref, elle est lineaire et de ce point de vue la non-existence de la quatrieme figure est bien naturelle, Les phrases d'Analytica Priora, surtout 25b 32-37, 26b 34-39, 28a 10-15, justifient entierement cette explication. Recemment M. Kneale a propose la mene explication dans son excellent ouvrage "The Development of Logic". J'ai developpe dans cet article l'argument plus detaile qui est favorable a la nouvelle explication.
- 著者
- 鈴木 万希枝
- 出版者
- 三田哲學會
- 雑誌
- 哲学 (ISSN:05632099)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.128, pp.179-206, 2012-03
特集 : 社会学 社会心理学 文化人類学投稿論文In recent years, news access in multiple formats on multiple platforms emerged. By taking diary records of graduate students' news exposure in this media environment, this study investigated (1) the pattern of using platforms to acquire news and (2) content preference on news exposure. Results indicated that young generation uses internet (PC) more than TV to acquire news. News diary of the participants showed that they acquire news on various platforms, such as web portal, an online newspaper, RSS, mixi news, and Twitter/Facebook. Some patterns of platforms' usage are recorded. It is suggested that the pattern of news diffusion could change because SNS such as mixi, Twitter and Facebook is the main news source for many cases.The results showed that most youth were exposed only to soft news except for the news about the earthquake. Meanwhile, only a small number of participants acquired hard news such as business or political news. Most hard news readers used RSS.
2 0 0 0 OA 社会学と世界体験 : 日常的世界・風景・絵画(100集記念号)
- 著者
- 山岸 健
- 出版者
- 慶應義塾大学
- 雑誌
- 哲學 (ISSN:05632099)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.100, pp.213-237, 1996-03
100集記念号Trivial round of daily life is not trivial but full of dramas, episodes, and spectacles. Lived body is a dramatic stage of various world experiences. Also this body is always a zero point of perspectives, SENS, behavior, and social action. Everyday world is our intersubjective social cultural world. Reality construction is our life-long daily experiences. We are living in daily world building and identity building. Landscape experiences are one of our basic world experiences in personal life history and identity building. Always human being is in a process of becoming. Human being is living in a world of imagination as well as in a practical everyday world. One genre of culture, painting is a original colourful perspective of our everyday world and human world. Human world consists of natural cultural social experiences, personal memory, and individual imagination. Constructing humanistic sociology, it is necessary to understand multiple realities and human world experiences which are sources of meanings and SENS.
2 0 0 0 IR ティリッヒ神学の批判的継承と発展
- 著者
- 岩村 太郎
- 出版者
- 三田哲學會
- 雑誌
- 哲学 (ISSN:05632099)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.108, pp.101-122, 2002-02
はじめに第1章. ティリッヒの実存思想に対する批判的継承と発展 第1節. 基本的人間理解 第2節. 実存主義思想の限界第2章. ティリッヒの歴史哲学に対する批判的継承と発展 第1節. 存在論的思考の限界 第2節. 三概念による突破の試み 第3節. 存在論から倫理学へ第3章. ティリッヒ神学の批判的継承と発展 第1節. 生の両義性の超克 第2節. 歴史の両義性の超克 第3節. 今後の課題と展望結語投稿論文
2 0 0 0 IR ライフストーリーとオートエスノグラフィー
- 著者
- 高山 真
- 出版者
- 三田哲學會
- 雑誌
- 哲学 (ISSN:05632099)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.138, pp.41-59, 2017-03
特集 : アートベース社会学へ#寄稿論文1. Personal life history2. Life story3. Autoethnography4. Life story and Autoethnography
2 0 0 0 IR ことばと世界のつながりについて
- 著者
- 石黒 ひで
- 出版者
- 三田哲學會
- 雑誌
- 哲学 (ISSN:05632099)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- no.91, pp.p125-141, 1990-12
1. 序2. 一般命題と単称命題3. 単称命題とレアリズム4. 対応と指示5. 因果関係と指示文学部創設百周年記念論文集ITreatise