1 0 0 0 海馬標本におけるフィールド電位記録
- 著者
- 岡田 隆
- 出版者
- The Japanese Psychonomic Society
- 雑誌
- 基礎心理学研究 (ISSN:02877651)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.33, no.1, pp.104-108, 2014
The recording of field potentials in hippocampal slice preparations is widely used for the purpose of elucidating the biological basis of memory function, Since the hippocampus has a unique structure of cellular and fiber layers, not only action potentials but also postsynaptic potentials can be clearly recorded as field potentials using a glass electrode with a relatively large tip. That the mechanism of polarity of field potentials recorded from synaptic layers differs from that recorded from cell layers is explained by the concepts of current sink and source.
1 0 0 0 基礎心理学と太陽の塔
- 著者
- 森川 和則
- 出版者
- 日本基礎心理学会
- 雑誌
- 基礎心理学研究 (ISSN:02877651)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.33, no.1, pp.109-111, 2014-09
1 0 0 0 トリの視覚世界から見える,ヒトの視覚世界
- 著者
- 中村 哲之
- 出版者
- The Japanese Psychonomic Society
- 雑誌
- 基礎心理学研究 (ISSN:02877651)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.33, no.1, pp.96-101, 2014
Visual illusions in animals are important to study because they magnify how the perceptual system in each animal works. This paper reviews comparative studies on visual illusions in birds (pigeons and bantam chickens) and humans. Not only similarities but also dissimilarities in the perception of illusory figures between these animals have been shown, suggesting that the same physical environments may induce different visual worlds among the species.
1 0 0 0 情動行動の起源を探る—魚類をモデルとして—
- 著者
- 岩田 惠理
- 出版者
- 日本基礎心理学会
- 雑誌
- 基礎心理学研究 (ISSN:02877651)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.33, no.1, pp.92-95, 2014
Fish is the vertebrate that first appeared on the earth. While it has been found that many fish species are highly social, their brain has less complex organization than mammals. Thus, studying social behavior in fish has a great advantage in understanding of emotion, which is common to all the vertebrates. Among all, Anemonefishes live symbiotically with sea anemones and form a social unit that consists of a breeding pair and several sexually immature individuals. The hierarchy of the social rank is strictly maintained in a group. Agonistic behaviors are observed frequently among the members of a group, which are essential for maintenance of the social structure, as well as for their sex determination. The differences in agonistic behavior according to social status were also detected directed at conspecific intruders. The aggressive behaviors were specifically directed at intruders of the same sexual status, not at those of the opposite sex. These results suggest that sexually mature resident anemonefish perceive intruders of the same sexual status as competitors for reproductive status.
1 0 0 0 脳波コミュニケーション技術の開発における脳科学と心理学の融合
- 著者
- 長谷川 良平
- 出版者
- The Japanese Psychonomic Society
- 雑誌
- 基礎心理学研究 (ISSN:02877651)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.33, no.1, pp.86-90, 2014
An EEG-based brain–machine interface (BMI), "Neurocommunicator" has been developed by the authors research group in AIST in order to support communication of patients with severer motor deficits. The user can select one of registered messages in real time from electroencephalography (EEG) data and express it via his/her avatar. Integration of neuroscience and psychology will contribute to the future development, at hardware, software and service levels, of Neurocommunicator toward a commercial product.
1 0 0 0 OA 眼球運動による運動学習神経機構理解,ロボット制御,ドライバ状態検知
- 著者
- 平田 豊
- 出版者
- 日本基礎心理学会
- 雑誌
- 基礎心理学研究 (ISSN:02877651)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.33, no.1, pp.81-85, 2014-09-30 (Released:2014-11-26)
- 参考文献数
- 52
Eye movements have been extensively studied in Neuroscience as a model system to understand neural mechanisms of motor control and learning. Further they have been examined in clinical and psychological studies since neural circuitries involved in eye movements extend to wide brain areas that are also involved in other brain functions such as attention. In this paper, I summarize recent researches in neuroscience that employ eye movements to elucidate neuronal mechanisms of motor learning. Then, an example of application of the accumulated neuroscience evidence to real world engineering problem, namely adaptive robot control, is introduced. Another application of eye movements to monitor car driver's physiological states is also summarized. By showing these recent studies on eye movements, I propose that eye movements can be one of the most attractive model systems to bridge the engineering and basic psychology in harmony.
1 0 0 0 OA 認知症の早期発見について—ツールの開発を通してみた心理学の役割—
- 著者
- 伊集院 睦雄
- 出版者
- 日本基礎心理学会
- 雑誌
- 基礎心理学研究 (ISSN:02877651)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.33, no.1, pp.70-75, 2014-09-30 (Released:2014-11-26)
- 参考文献数
- 24
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive, degenerative disorder that is characterized by a slow, progressive decline in mental and social function, impairing memory, thinking, reasoning, and the ability to learn. Although there is no cure for AD, the early detection can improve symptoms and slow progression of the disease and also can give patients and their families better care and treatment options. Recently, it has become increasingly important to detect AD at an early stage due to the advent of drugs with slowing progression. Psychologists are expected to develop effective methods for screening to be more sensitive for detecting individuals in the early stages of AD. This article reviewed existing dementia screening tools and examined the roles of psychology in assessment and measurement of cognitive function.
- 著者
- TAKESHIMA Yasuhiro GYOBA Jiro
- 出版者
- 日本基礎心理学会
- 雑誌
- 基礎心理学研究 (ISSN:02877651)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.30, no.1, pp.19-24, 2011
- 被引用文献数
- 1
Auditory stimuli are known to alter visual perception. However, the effects of such stimuli on velocity perception have not yet been examined. A well-known velocity illusion related to object size is described by Brown's law. We can easily match object size with sound intensity. Therefore, this study examined the potential modification of velocity perception by auditory stimuli at different sound pressure levels (SPLs). The results showed that the perceived velocity, particularly when the object size was small, diminished with a high SPL auditory stimulus. We assume two interpretations of this result. First, high intensity sounds can modify the perceived object size and alter the perceived velocity by replicating Brown's law since large objects tend to match well with high SPL sounds. Second, previous studies indicated that stimuli with strong intensities seem to have been presented for longer durations. Thus, stimulus duration may be perceived as longer when higher SPL sounds are presented simultaneously, which may cause the velocity to be perceived as being slower.
- 著者
- 河原 純一郎
- 出版者
- 日本基礎心理学会
- 雑誌
- 基礎心理学研究 (ISSN:02877651)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.29, no.2, pp.159-163, 2011-03
1 0 0 0 読解力とワーキングメモリにおける抑制メカニズムの関係性
- 著者
- 大塚 結喜 森下 正修 近藤 洋史 苧阪 直行
- 出版者
- 日本基礎心理学会
- 雑誌
- 基礎心理学研究 (ISSN:02877651)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.21, no.2, pp.131-136, 2003
The present study examined the relationship between reading comprehension and two processes of the inhibitory mechanism. Forty-six participants performed reading comprehension test and three conditions of the reading span test (RST): distractor, interference, and control conditions. In the RST, participants were instructed to read sentences aloud while holding target words in each sentence. The distractor and interference conditions required the ability to inhibit distractor information in the context, and to suppress no-longer-relevant information within working memory, respectively. The results showed that performance was lower in the distractor and interference conditions than in the control condition, and that reading comprehension score was significantly correlated only with performance in the interference condition, with neither the distractor nor control condition. We conclude that the suppression of no-longer-relevant information contributes to the correlation between the RST and reading comprehension, while two inhibitory abilities play an important role in the RST performance.