著者

稲葉 継陽

出版者

熊本大学

雑誌

熊本大学社会文化研究 (ISSN:1348530X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, pp.207-224, 2003-03-31

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In the sixteenth century as the last stage of medieval Japan, daimyo domains were built throughout the country. The border areas between the domains were called sakaime (境目) and the cause of dispute among the daimyo. They fought hard for the castles in sakaime. The neighboring local warriors (ryoshu) often played a role of arbitration when the daimyo concerned in the dispute started peace negotiations and settled the question of the title to the castles. The peasants (hyakusho) belonging to a village community in the sakaime, too, dealt with the dispute in a group and showed the autonomy to restore a peace. Toyotomi Hideyoshi could achieve the reestablishment of national unity (tenka-toitsu), taking a step of guarantee to keep the arrangements about sakaime, which were accomplished by the daimyo and village community peasants who pursued a peace in their area. In this article, the Toyohuku (豊後) region in Higio (肥後) province is analyzed as a typical case study of sakaime areas.

著者

福西 大輔

出版者

熊本大学

雑誌

熊本大学社会文化研究 (ISSN:1348530X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.151-166, 2016-03-25

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Mystery novels of Japan are not satisfied with only relationship with "the city". They have been affected by the relationship between the "city", "countryside". Mystery novels of Japan and folkloristics were enacted era was the same. They had a point of view to the "countryside" from the "city". And there was a common denominator in terms of re-discovery of the "countryside". They have become a factor that is familiar to the Japanese.

著者

福西 大輔 フクニシ ダイスケ Fukunishi Daisuke

出版者

熊本大学

雑誌

熊本大学社会文化研究 (ISSN:1348530X)

巻号頁・発行日

no.17, pp.277-289, 2019

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A strange thing happens at the bridge is that in folklore studies it is said that the bridge is not only connected to the opposite shore but also because the Japanese have recognized for many years as a connection between this world and the other world. However, considering the example of Aso Bridge, changes in the population caused by bridges have a major influence on creating a monster. Also, the exchange with new outside due to the bridge being made is also a factor to create a monster.

著者

福西 大輔

出版者

熊本大学

雑誌

熊本大学社会文化研究 (ISSN:1348530X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.151-166, 2016-03-25

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Mystery novels of Japan are not satisfied with only relationship with “the city”. They have been affected by the relationship between the “city”, “countryside”. Mystery novels of Japan and folkloristics were enacted era was the same. They had a point of view to the “countryside” from the “city”. And there was a common denominator in terms of re-discovery of the “countryside”. They have become a factor that is familiar to the Japanese.

著者

秦 裕緯 シン ユウイ Qin Yuwei

出版者

熊本大学

雑誌

熊本大学社会文化研究 (ISSN:1348530X)

巻号頁・発行日

no.16, pp.207-218, 2018

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There are a lot of similarities between Patrick Lafcadio Hearn and Natsume Soseki. These two authors are known for both their similar work and experiences. The focus of this study is the images of water in Hearn's retold ghost story Yuki-Onna and Yume-Juya (which is also called Ten Nights Dreams), a series of short pieces by Soseki. The image of water appears frequently and plays an important part in both the two works. However, the expressions of water are different in both stories. There are two similar spaces consisted of the image of water existing in these two stories, which also acts as the connection and boundary to another world. Water plays opposite roles in marriage and mother-child relationship in Yuki-Onna and simultaneously, is an important metaphor between life and death in Yume-jiya. This study compares the similarities and differences by analyzing the two images of water in these two works and tries to clarify how and why they are shaped in these ways.

著者

堀 律子

出版者

熊本大学

雑誌

熊本大学社会文化研究 (ISSN:1348530X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, pp.223-239, 2012-03-26

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At the international level, it is usual that organ transportation is carried out from a brain-dead donor; however, an organ transportation, which is carried out from the living is fairly common in Japan. Regarding living donor organ transportation in Japan, the target persons for donors are limited due to the "Relatives Restriction"; in general, people who are close relatives as well as healthy are selected to donate. Incidentally, living donor organ transportation on the liver has been ascertained that its remedy includes serious risks for physical, mental and social to the donor; the first risk is a pressure from various sides for the target person to decide whether to be the donor or not given that organ transportation is the only remedy to save the recipient. The second risk is that people who decided to be a donor might contract some complications or have some obstacles for their rehabilitation after operation for transportation. There is no law which provides for living donor organ transportation in Japan. Therefore, in the present, the decision based on the Ethical guidelines of Japan Society of Transportation has been carried out by Ethical Review Board in each organization.\At least, we need to legislate the procedures to become living donors and also need to have definite measures to protect living donors.

著者

伊﨑 久美

出版者

熊本大学大学院社会文化科学教育部

雑誌

熊本大学社会文化研究 (ISSN:1348530X)

巻号頁・発行日

no.18, pp.147-162, 2020-03-24

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The first sentences "utakata" and "mizunoawa" are influenced by Kumarajivas idea of "innocence" as formulated in the ten metaphors of Vimalakirti Sutra. At the beginning of the third sentence "hitotosumika", the parable of the four primary elements of the Vimalakirti Sutra indicates the "five aggregates". The "five aggregates" is a practical word of Agui Shōdō. Fundamentally, this refers to the philosophy of "emptiness - selflessness" of the four primary elements of the Vimalakirti Sutra. Concerning the four major disasters in the first half of Hōjōki, "impermanence" and "emptiness" of "natural" and "physical form" are shown as specific examples.

著者

甲元 眞之 木下 尚子 蔵冨士 寛 新里 亮人

雑誌

熊本大学社会文化研究 (ISSN:1348530X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, pp.172-174, 2003-03-31

著者

秦 裕緯 シン ユウイ Qin Yuwei

出版者

熊本大学

雑誌

熊本大学社会文化研究 (ISSN:1348530X)

巻号頁・発行日

no.17, pp.243-253, 2019

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STRAY LEAVES FROM STRANGE LITERATURE is written by Patrick Lafcadio Hearn in New Orleans. LES COULISSES and THE GHOSTLY KISS are two special essays in this work since they share a special scene: the theatre. Which is barely appears in other essays of Hearn. The description of the theatre scenes in these two essays also shares many similarities, such as the association between this the stage and life, which Hearn called "the shining temple" ; and the association between the backstage and "the Unknown World" Correspondingly. The emphasis on the light and shadow also appears in both of the two essays. By analyzing these special ways Hearn describing the theatre we can find a deeper significance inside this scene, which reflects the author's views of life and death, and also exerts a far-reaching influence on the later works after Hearn came to Japan.

著者

廖 育卿

出版者

熊本大学

雑誌

熊本大学社会文化研究 (ISSN:1348530X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.365-379, 2008-03-14

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Mori Ogai began his work in translation soon after his return to Japan, having studied in Germany. One of his best-known works, So-kkyou-shi-jin, is a translation of Der Improvisator. H.Denhardt, a German translator, translated the original book, the German Improvisatoren, published in 1835 by Hans Christian Andersen, from Danish into German.So-kkyou-shi-jin consists of 66 chapters and took 9 years (from 1892 to 1901) for Mori Ogai to complete. What deserves our attention is not only the length, but also the literary expression within the translation. It has often been suggested that So-kkyou-shi-jin has the same writing style as the early Germany Trilogy (Maihime (1890) , Utakatanoki (1890) , HumiDukai (1891)) . Although they seem to share the same qualities and some similarities to a certain extent, So-kkyou-shi-jin certainlyhas some notable differences to the other three works.The focus of this research is to conduct an analysis of the literary expression in So-kkyou-shi-jin by contrasting it with the German work Improvisatoren, exploring elements of Japanese expressions, classical Chinese expressions and Western expressions through comparison with the early Germany Trilogy.

著者

福西 大輔

出版者

熊本大学

雑誌

熊本大学社会文化研究 (ISSN:1348530X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, pp.277-289, 2019-03-25

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A strange thing happens at the bridge is that in folklore studies it is said that the bridge is not only connected to the opposite shore but also because the Japanese have recognized for many years as a connection between this world and the other world. However, considering the example of Aso Bridge, changes in the population caused by bridges have a major influence on creating a monster. Also, the exchange with new outside due to the bridge being made is also a factor to create a monster.

著者

佐藤 慶治

出版者

熊本大学

雑誌

熊本大学社会文化研究 (ISSN:1348530X)

巻号頁・発行日

no.11, pp.93-108, 2013

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An Italian composer Antonio Salieri composed two problematic operas, Tarare (1787) and Axur, re d'Ormus (1788). The libretto of Tarare is written by French playwrighter Pierre Augustin Caron de Beaumarchais who is famous for his play Le mariage de Figaro, and it challenges the ancient regime with ideas of the Enghlitenment. As this opera became a great success in Paris just before the French Revolution, Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor ordered Salieri to perform Tarare in Italian in Vienna. Salieri commissioned an Italian writer Lorenzo Da Ponte to translate the libretto into Italian and they completed the Italian opera Axur,re d'Ormus. But this Italian version has a lot of differences from the original libretto of Tarare,including its title. Then, what is the meaning of this revision and what factors of socialbackground caused these alterations? This dissertation analyzes these questions through acomparison of social background of Paris and Vienna at that time.

著者

植田 均

出版者

熊本大学

雑誌

熊本大学社会文化研究 (ISSN:1348530X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.1-10, 2014-03-25

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中国近世語の語彙全体を大別すると、次の2種類になるのではないか。1つは、出自が文言によるもの、もう1つは、出自が所謂"有聲無字"の語である。それは、古代中国語の遺産を受けついでいる点(出自が文言によるもの)と民間庶民の方言・口語("有聲無字"の語)によるものだからである。今回準備した語は、前者が"着[zhuó]、箸(筯)、食、湯"で、元々は文言であった。これらが各々現代共通語"穿、筷、喫(吃)、開水"への「語彙の交替」の様子を中心に示したい。検証方法は、これらの語が明清代北方の代表的資料(《金瓶梅詞話》、《醒世姻縁傳》、《紅樓夢》、《兒女英雄傳》を中心に、《官話類編》、《語言自邇集》等も参考)においてどのような様相を呈しているか調査・分析した。この結果、各作品間では差が見られることが判明した。一方、後者の「出自が"有聲無字"の語」については、"着[zháo]、學、桶、使、拾、落、坐、作(做)"等で、《青海民族研究》編集部の依頼により《青海民族研究》2013年第4期(中国・青海省西寧・青海民族大学)に上梓した。

著者

後藤 隆昭

出版者

熊本大学

雑誌

熊本大学社会文化研究 (ISSN:1348530X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.109-122, 2016-03-25

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The purpose of this study is to explore affective changes in Japanese college EFL learners after extensive reading of English newspaper articles. The activity was conducted as part of a general class and a remedial class. Both students were required to bring a Japan-related article they found interesting, take turns reading and attach a glossary to facilitate their work. Finally, a questionnaire survey was implemented, with a Likert scale, text-mining and the KJ method. As a result, students' images of English newspaper articles changed positively, and their interest in reading had been increased. Although there was no significant difference between those two classes, the activity worked for the remedial class. The students also found unexpectedly English newspaper articles easy to read. There is a widely held negative image of English newspaper articles; the image will be changeable in class.

著者

田中 雄次

出版者

熊本大学

雑誌

熊本大学社会文化研究 (ISSN:1348530X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, pp.67-90, 2006-03-31

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この論考は、ハリウッドにおいて生涯重要な位置を占め続けたルビッチの幾つかの作品と、1920年代にハリウッドへ進出したF.W.ムルナウの作品、ドイツ最初の近代的なプロデューサーであり、映画のビジネスとしての要請と芸術上の要請を結びつけるすべを熟知していたE.ポマーのハリウッドでの活動、それにハリウッドで数本の作品に出演し第1回のアカデミー賞男優賞を獲得した名優E.ヤニングスの活動を中心に、ドイツ国民映画がハリウッドでの影響下でどのように変容したかを検討することに主眼を置く。

著者

Bauer Tobias

出版者

熊本大学

雑誌

熊本大学社会文化研究 (ISSN:1348530X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.23-40, 2010-03-25

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本稿は、「脳死・臓器移植」問題に対するドイツ福音教会(EKD)の立場について分析を試みるものである。1997年の臓器移植法の可決以前にも、ドイツ福音教会はドイツのカトリック教会と共同で、脳死・臓器移植に関する基本的な見解を二度にわたって公にしている(1989年及び1990年)。その見解の中で、ドイツ福音教会は「脳死」を基本的に認め、臓器提供が隣人愛の行為になり得るとして、移植医療を肯定的に評価した。本稿は、脳死・臓器移植をめぐる福音主義神学の議論ではなく、ドイツ福音教会が教会として取った公式見解を検討し、「脳死」というコンセプト、臓器提供、臓器摘出、移植術を受けること等に関する教会の論証のありかたを分析しようとするものである。移植医療を肯定的に評価するに至るまで、いかなる論証が行われ、キリスト教の教義及び聖書がどのように解釈し直されたのか、それに伴って、1989年と1990年の見解から現在に至るまで、福音教会の立場がいかに発展してきたのかという点についても考察する。

著者

南 健太郎 Kentaro Minami

出版者

熊本大学

雑誌

熊本大学社会文化研究

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, pp.193-211, 2007-02-28

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A lot of cultures flowed in from China and a Korean peninsula around northern part Kyushu in the age of Yayoi. The bronze mirror is one in this, Northern part of Kyushu has been mainly brought from first Han to post Han. Yayoi period circulates Chinese mirror, divided mirror and imitative mirror. The purpose of this thesis is to catch a time, spatial transition of the bronze mirror and the realities of the metal mirror circulation are clarified. The going side by side relation between Chinese mirror and imitative mirror clarified. And Chinese mirror and imitative mirror distribution situation were compared, and the feature brought together. Result of analysis the first stage Chinese mirror is shown limited distribution and Korean imitative mirror was distributed to the remote place. The second stage, the bronze mirror is produced in northern part Kyushu. The reason for the factor of the production beginning is that a new thing for people who were managing circulation to distribute it to the surrounding is needed. This is thought for the factor of the production beginning to have existed on not the one that originates in the lack of Chinese mirror and the expansion of the mirror holder layer but the side where circulation was managed to the end.

著者

長谷川 栄子 Hasegawa Eiko

出版者

熊本大学

雑誌

熊本大学社会文化研究 (ISSN:1348530X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, pp.297-311, 2005-03-31

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本稿は、元田永孚の初発の巡幸への関わりという側面から、明治5年巡幸を考察する。

著者

河添 博幸

出版者

熊本大学

雑誌

熊本大学社会文化研究 (ISSN:1348530X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, pp.203-219, 2006-03-31

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現代日本のみの問題とは言い難いが、男性主導社会と言われて久しい。このことが現代の社会において負の影響を及ぼしているのではないか、このような論調が一般的になりつつあることは否めないであろう。では、その負の影響とは一体何であるのか、そしてそれはどのような経緯において生じたのか、その起因となるものは何なのか、これらを探求すべく我々は、男性らしさとは何か、女性らしさとは何かという「らしさ」について再考しなければならないと思われる。

著者

大塚 勲

出版者

熊本大学

雑誌

熊本大学社会文化研究 (ISSN:1348530X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.51-70, 2017-03-25

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This paper presents that expansion of government bonds in the late 1970s was caused bya control of the former Prime Minister Kakuei Tanaka. The government budgeted 2 trillionyen for revenue generated by the government bonds in the 1975 fiscal year and 15.3 trillionyen in the 1979 fiscal year. They expanded to 7.65 times in only four years. The budgets wereformulated according to an economic plan developed in 1976. Although the plan controlled thebudget inflation, the government depended on the government bonds because of shortage of taxrevenue. As a result, the government bonds expanded rapidly but the plan was realized. Theeconomic plan was formulated in the Takeo Miki Cabinet, not in the Tanaka Cabinet. However,the plan was in accordance with part of a 10 year economic plan which was examined but notdeveloped by Tanaka cabinet. Mr. Tanaka controlled the budgets in order to realize the planin the Tanaka Cabinet. As a result, government bonds were the inflated in the late 1970s. Thepaper therefore concludes that we should call them Tanaka government bonds policy.