著者

大谷 尚

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.137, no.6, pp.653-658, 2017

被引用文献数

10

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&emsp;The article is an in-depth explanation of qualitative research, an approach increasingly prevalent among today's research communities. After discussing its present spread within the health sciences, the author addresses: 1. Its definition. 2. Its characteristics, as well as its theoretical and procedural background. 3. Its procedures. 4. Differences between qualitative and quantitative approaches. 5. Mixed methods incorporating quantitative research. And in conclusion: 6. The importance of establishing an epistemological perspective in qualitative research.<br>

著者

稲垣 勳

出版者

日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.11, 1956-11

著者

久保寺 昭子 毛利 哲郎 鶴藤 丞

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.5, pp.511-515, 1967-05

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Effect of 10 chelating agents on the excretion of radiostrontium from the body was investigated in mice. Sodium salts and/or monocalcium-sodium salts of these chelating agents were used as test materials. Preliminery toxicity tests were carried out to estimate their approximate maximum safety doses. The sodium salts were generally more toxic and brought about some convulsion with occasional death which were attributed to the decrease of Ca^<2+> ion in the blood. The monocalcium-sodium salts were applicable in 10-folds as compared with their equivalent sodium salts. The chelating agents and radioactive strontium were simultaneously injected into different parts of the body. The animals were killed 24 hours after the injection, and then reduced to ashes individually in an electric furnace after removing the digestive tracts and bladders. Radioactivity of the ashes was assayed to determine the percentage retention of radioactive strontium in the carcasses. Monocalcium-disodium salt of bis(dicarboxyaminoethyl) ether was found to be one of the most effective agents, same as calcium sodium citrate which had been previously reported.

著者

武田 豊彦 鈴木 裕介 稲津 邦平 坂元 照男 前川 秀幸

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.109, no.6, pp.p395-401, 1989-06

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Cephalothine sodium (CET-Na) in crystals can be obtained by freezing the aqueous solution and subsequent warming at a fixed temperature for facilitating crystallization prior to vacuum application for drying. The product has, however, been found to unavoidably contain traces of the amorphous CET-Na, which causes a rapid color development during storage. By using thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), electric conductometry, and polarized light cryomicrographic techniques, the solubilities in water, freezing point, eutectic point, and melting behavior of CET-Na in aqueous solution were investigated. The investigation demonstrated that CET-Na in supersaturated aqueous solution is very stable, and that seeding with microcrystalline CET-Na to the supersaturated solution and subsequent cooling of the mixture till its freezing point gives neither any evidence for crystallization nor for growth of the seed crystals. The freeze-drying of CET-Na in the supersaturated solution after seeding has been demonstrated to give crystalline CET-Na contaning neither of amorphous nor of quasicrystalline form.

著者

山内 盛 滝戸 道夫 三川 潮 柴田 承二

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.96, no.12, pp.p1492-1493, 1976-12

被引用文献数

2

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From the fruits of Arctium lappa L. (Japanease name"goboshi, ""akujitsu, "or "dairikishi"), two new sesquilignan derivatives, AL-D and AL-F, were isolated along with arctin, arctigenin, and matairesinol. From spectroscopic and chemical investigations, the structure of AL-D was elucidated as 2-[2-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxy) phenyl-3-hydroxymethyl-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl] methyl-3-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxy)-benzyl-buthyrolactone [I] or 2-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxy) benzyl-3-[2-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxy)-phenyl-3-hydroxymethyl-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl] methyl-buthyrolactone [II]. AL-F was found to be a stereoisomer of AL-D.

著者

遠藤 徹 田口 平八郎

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.93, no.1, pp.30-32, 1973-01

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Four glucosides were isolated from the fruits of Cornus officinalis SIEB. et ZUCC.(Cornaceae). Three of them were identified with morroniside (VII), loganin (IV), and sweroside. The other one was a new iridoid glucoside, 7-ο-methylmorroniside (VI), (tetraacetate (I), mp 103-105°) which seemed to be an artifact formed during the extraction process.

著者

藤田 勇三郎 上原 郁恵 森本 泰子 中嶋 真由美 波多野 力 奥田 拓男

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.108, no.2, pp.p129-135, 1988-02

被引用文献数

7

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Inhibitory effects of caffeoylquinic acids isolated from leaves of Artemisia species and other related compounds on the lipoxygenase dependent peroxidation of linoleic acid were studied by kinetic and electron spin resonance(ESR) measurements. The order of inhibition activity was as follows : 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (ID_50=2.0×10^-5 M)=rosmarinic acid > geraniin (2.8×10^-5 M)>α-tocopherol (3.7×10^-5 M)>chlorogenic acid (7.5×10^-5 M)=caffeic acid>ferulic acid (2.5×10^-4 M). This order coincided well with that obtained from the measurement of radical scavenging activities of these compounds against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl. The inhibition profile of these compounds on lipid peroxidation in the lipoxygenase system was quite similar to those obtained previously in the biological systems of rat liver mitochondria and microsomes. In the separate ESR measurements in alkaline dimethyl sulfoxide solution, all caffeoyl-quinic acids exhibited relatively stable ESR signals assigned as a radical derived from the one-electron oxidation of dihydroxyphenyl group. From these results, it was concluded that the radical scavenging mechanism is commonly operative in both chemical and biological peroxidation systems.

著者

武田 美雄 藤多 哲朗 佐藤 利夫 掛川 寿夫

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.105, no.10, pp.p955-959, 1985-10

被引用文献数

2

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From the aerial part of Stachys sieboldi MIQ. (Labiatae), three glycosides were isolated and characterized as isoscutellarein. 4'-methyl ether 7-O-β-(6'''-O-acetyl-2"-allosyl) glucoside (1), isoscutellarein 7-O-β-(6'''-O-acetyl-2"-allosyl) glucoside (2), and acteoside (8). The effects of these glycosides on the activity of hyarulonidase were also examined.

著者

山原 条二 木谷 哲也 小林 弘美 河原 有三

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.110, no.12, pp.p932-935, 1990-12

被引用文献数

6

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During screening for the development of drugs from natural products, methanolic extract of tuber of Stachys sieboldii MIQ. (Labiatae) significantly inhibited the lethal induced by KCN in mice. The methanolic extract was fractionated by column chromatography to identify the active constituents. Acteoside and stachysoside C, phenylethanoid glycoside, have a significant effect on the KCN-induced anoxia model.

著者

舩田 正彦 富山 健一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.140, no.2, pp.205-214, 2020

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<p>Cannabis use among the younger population in Japan has been steadily increasing. The aim of the present review is to highlight recent knowledge regarding the molecular mechanisms of action and health risks associated with cannabis and synthetic cannabinoid consumption. We investigated the effects of Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and synthetic cannabinoids on place conditioning in ICR mice. Both Δ⁹-THC and synthetic cannabinoids produce a significant conditioned place preference. These rewarding effects were completely suppressed by the cannabinoid CB₁ receptor type antagonist AM251. The cytotoxicological effects of Δ⁹-THC and synthetic cannabinoids were also characterized in the limbic forebrain of mice in primary culture <i>in vitro</i>. Δ⁹-THC and synthetic cannabinoids caused cell death in a dose-dependent manner. The rank order of cytotoxicological potency was synthetic cannabinoids>Δ⁹-THC and related to the agonistic activities of the CB₁ receptor. A recent review on the harmful effects of cannabis use in humans reported that behavioral impairments, especially in terms of attention, memory, and complex information-processing ability, can last for many weeks after cessation of cannabis use among heavy users. In addition, cannabis use could be a risk factor for drug dependence and later psychosis among adolescents. The results of animal and human studies suggest that CB₁ receptors play an important role in the expression of harmful effects of cannabis and synthetic cannabinoid use. Moreover, concern regarding increasing concentrations of Δ⁹-THC in cannabis in many countries has been noted, because more potent cannabis may be associated with worse adverse effects.</p>

著者

佐久嶋 明世 西部 三省 久田 末雄

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.98, no.10, pp.p1395-1397, 1978-10

被引用文献数

1

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From the methanolic extract of leaves of Apocynum venetum L. var. basikurumon HARA, eight constituents were isolated and identified with respective authentic samples as succinic acid, chlorogenic acid, isoquercitrin, hyperoside, D-(-)-bornesitol, sucrose, β-sitosterol, and β-amyrin.

著者

大村 智

出版者

日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.106, no.9, pp.p729-757, 1986-09

被引用文献数

1

著者

長井長義

雑誌

薬学雑誌

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, pp.139-145, 1885

被引用文献数

1

著者

森田 直賢 清水 岑夫 竹崎 孝行

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.10, pp.1277-1280, 1968-10

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A new glycoside (I), C_<24>H_<26>O_<18>・11/2H_2O, mp 274-275°, was isolated from Chrysosplenium grayanum MAXIM. (Japanese name"Nekonomeso"), and a glycoside (II), C_<24>H_<26>O_<12>・2H_2O, mp 175-176°, from C. flagelliferum FR. SCHM. (Japanese name"Tsurunekonomeso"). I was determined as oxyayanin-A (5,2', 5'-trihydroxy-3,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone)-2'-glucoside, and was named chrysosplenoside-A , and II as pendulin (5,4'-dihydroxy-3,6,7-trimethoxyflavone-4'-glucoside).

著者

萩庭丈寿 坂井 進一郎 相見 則郎 山中 悦二 新間 信夫

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.93, no.4, pp.448-452, 1973-04

被引用文献数

2

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In the reinvestigation of the constituents of Uncaria rhynchophylla MIQ. (Japanese name "kagikazura"), the presence of two oxindole alkaloids, corynoxeine and isocorynoxeine, was demonstrated, besides the reported rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline.^<3)> Furthermore, four indole alkaloids were newly isolated ; hirsutine, hirsuteine, dihydrocorynantheine, and corynantheine. A chemical structural evidence of hirsutine was obtained from its epimerization to dihydrocorynantheine with acetic acid catalysis.

著者

柴田 丸 吉田 玲子 本橋 幸子 福島 正子

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.93, no.12, pp.1660-1667, 1973-12

被引用文献数

8

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Crude saikosides did not affect the LD_<50> value of sodium hexobarbital in mice. It also exerted a protective effect on the pylorus-ligated ulcer of the rat with inhibiting gastric secretion. The cure of chronic ulcer produced by the injection of dilute acetic acid into the rat gastric wall was promoted by crude saikosides. Saikogenin A showed a potent effect of decreasing spontaneous motor activities of the mice treated with methamohetamine hydrochloride. It had a significant antitussive, hypothermic, and antipyretic effect, and inhibition of acetic acid-induced writhing responses. In addition, salikogenin A strongly reduced a carrageenin-induced rat paw edema, without any local irritaition by topical application. On the contrary, only analgesic effect was found in the syrupy residue. The significance of these pharmacological results was discussed.

著者

山崎 正利 池並 通裕 来生 淳 油井 聡 安部 茂 水野 伝一

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.104, no.7, pp.p769-774, 1984-07

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The present study shows that some selected anti-cancer drugs induce tumor lysis in vitro in cooperation with phagocytic cells (drug-dependent cellular cytotoxicity ; DDCC) and that chemotherapeutic drugs augment the mediator-dependent killing activity of macrophages. Tumor cells pretreated with the drugs were susceptible to phagocytemediated killing. Tumor necrosis serum can also cooperate with some drugs in killing tumor cells. Moreover, some selected drugs can induce cytotoxic macrophages and the quantitative changes of phagocytes such as polymorphonuclear leukocytes. These results suggest that some anti-cancer drugs have the activities of inactivation of tumor cells and/or activation of host cells. Thus, tumor cells may be killed effectively in vivo by anti-cancer drugs through these mechanisms.

著者

毛利 公則 竹本 常松 近藤 嘉和

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.102, no.3, pp.p310-312, 1982-03

被引用文献数

2

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Two new C-methyl flavanones, named matteucin (III) and methoxymatteucin (IV) were isolated from the root of Matteuccia orientalis TREV. (Aspidiaceae), together with the known desmethoxymatteucinol (I) and matteucinol (II). The structures of these flavanones were determined to be (2S)-5,7,2'-trihydroxy-6,8-dimethylflavanone and (2S)-5,7,2'-trihydroxy-5'-methoxy-6,8-dimethylflavanone, respectively, by spectroscopic evidence.

著者

藤井 節郎 奥田 拓道 赤沢 明 安田 行寛 川口 安郎 福永 育史 西川 栄郎

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.95, no.6, pp.732-740, 1975

被引用文献数

5

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In order to investigate the fate of 1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil (FT-207) in comparison with that of 5-fluorouracil tritiated FT-207 (<SUP>3</SUP>H-FT-207) and 5-fluovouracil (<SUP>3</SUP>H-5-fluorouracil)were administered from the rectum in normal and AH-130 tumor-bearing rats, and rapid absorption of <SUP>3</SUP>H-FT-207 or <SUP>3</SUP>H-5-fluorouracil, was observed. Blood level of radioactivity after rectal administration of <SUP>3</SUP>H-FT-207 was higher and more continuous than that of <SUP>3</SUP>H-5-fluorouracil. Although the radioactivity after rectal administration of <SUP>3</SUP>H-FT-207 and <SUP>3</SUP>H-5-fluovouracil was widely distributed in the various tissues of the animal with or without tumor, the highest concentration of the radioactivity was observed in the kidneys, and higher in tumor. The radioactivity in lymphatic gland reached a maximum level within 2-4 hr after the rectal administration of <SUP>3</SUP>H-FT-207 and declined very slowly. The urinary excretion of radioactivity within 24 hr was about 30% of the administered dose of <SUP>3</SUP>H-FT-207. More than 85% of the excreted radioactivity accounted for FT-207 and its metabolite, &alpha;-fluoro-&beta;-alanine. Other metabolites such as 5-fluorouracil, &alpha;-fluoro-&beta;-ureidopropionic acid and tritiated water were detected in small amounts in rat urine. The radioactivity in blood and tumor, 4 hr after rectal administration of <SUP>3</SUP>H-FT-207, was found to represent FT-207. However, the radioactivity in liver was due to the presence of &alpha;-fluoro-&beta;-alanine. About 90% radioactivity in lymphatic gland within 2-6 hr after rectal administration of <SUP>3</SUP>H-FT-207 was detected as FT-207.

著者

木村 善行 大南 宏治 有地 英子 奥田 拓道 有地 滋 林 輝明

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.102, no.7, pp.p666-669, 1982-07

被引用文献数

2

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It was found that high sugar diets induced an elevation in serum levels of triglyceride and insulin in rats by the oral administration for 2 months. When black substances isolated from crude black sugar were orally administered to rats with the high sugar diets, such elevation was not observed. In addition to these effects, black substances were found to reduce serum lipid peroxide. Black substances were found to inhibit absorption of glucose in the rat small intenstine. Therefore, it was suggested that the effect of black substances on hyperlipemia in rats fed with the high sugar diets might be partly attributable to an inhibition of glucose absorption in the small intenstine.