著者

閔 光準

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.2, pp.16-27, 2007-08-30

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This paper presents an overview of the characteristics of intonation in Seoul Korean. After briefly reviewing previous studies on Korean accent and intonation, it describes the intonational characteristics of Seoul Korean with respect to intonational structure, accentual phrase, intonational phrase, declination, focus, syntactic structure, the relationship between accentual phrasing and their related phonological alternation, paralinguistic information and prosodic aspects of dialogue. This paper also introduces K-ToBI, a prosodic transcription convention for Seoul Korean. Finally, it identifies the intonation problems Japanese learners of Korean frequently have difficulty mastering.

著者

福井 孝太郎 草野 世大 高西 淳夫 誉田 雅彰

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.2, pp.57-64, 2010-08-30

被引用文献数

1

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This paper describes a mechanical talking robot that resembles human speech production aparatus and its control mechanism. The talking robot, Waseda Talker, has mechanical replicas of the vocal folds, tongue, jaw and lips, and it is capable of producing vowel and consonant sounds in a human-mimetic manner. The source sounds are produced by airflow from the lungs to the glottis, and the resonance characteristics of the vocal tract are controlled by changing geometries of the articulators. Each component organ in the talking robot has many degrees of freedom and requires a high-level control design to realize continuous speech. A new control method based on articulatory motion data obtained from electromagnetic articulography (EMA) is presented together with experimental results from continuous speech synthesis using the most recent model of the robot.

著者

有元 光彦

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.3, pp.19-26, 2001-12

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The te-form verbs in the (West-)Kyushu dialects have a characteristic behavior in the verb conjugation system, which we call the "te-form phenomenon". This phonological phenomenon is that so-called SOKU-ON or HATSU-ON appears, corresponding to te in the standard dialect. This phenomenon depends on the difference of the stem-final segment. The te-form phenomenon is different across dialects. We assume that the e-deletion rule is the core of four rules governing this phenomenon. Differences of dialects are reflected in the applicational environment of the e-deletion rule. In addition, we discovered a "pseudo te-form phenomenon", which is partially similar to te-form phenomenon.

著者

木野 景子

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.3, 2013-12-30

著者

木川 行央

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.3, pp.48-61, 2011-12-30

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The accent in the south-east area of the Izu Peninsula basically accords with the Tokyo accent, but it has different characteristics from varieties of accents found around the area. One of the characteristics is that a speaker living there pronounces a word in some different patterns. Based on a survey in which some speakers were asked to read out a list of words and an analysis of recorded natural conversations, this study clarified the present status of accent variation in the Matsuzaki-cho dialect. The results showed that there was a consistent tendency concerning the patterns pronounced by the speakers, and that the tendency was different from what previous studies had reported. This study also confirmed that the Matsuzaki-cho dialect has some pronunciation patterns which reflect the old Tokyo accent, and that compared with the case when nothing follows a noun, the falling tone appears one beat later when a noun is followed by a particle or an auxiliary. Moreover, it was shown that the younger generation lacks these characteristics observed in the older generation, which means that their accent is becoming similar to the Tokyo accent, and that differently from the older generation, the younger generation also has several accent patterns for individual words that coincide with the present Tokyo accent.

著者

ダリン トーマス

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.3, 2014-12-30

著者

石井 カルロス寿憲

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.3, pp.18-28, 2006-12-30

被引用文献数

2

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日常対話音声の正しい理解や,対話における話者交替の制御,更には自然な対話音声の合成を行なうためには,韻律特徴の適切な操作は不可欠である。日本語では,句末の音調は,疑問・強い主張・意外性・促しなどの文のモダリティを表示する機能,フォーカスを表示する機能,大きな意味の区切りの表示,または発言がまだ終わっていないことを示す談話機能など,さますまな役割を持つ。また,句末に終助詞が付くか否かによって,句末音調がもたらす機能が変わる。本稿では,対話における話者交替の談話機能に焦点を当て,句末の形態素や品詞などの言語情報を考慮し,句末音調の役割について論ずる。自然会話音声データを用い,300ミリ秒以上のポーズで区切った発話区間の句末において,形態素と談話機能のラベルを付与し,音調を表す音響的特徴を抽出しか。分析の結果,多くの形態素では,句末音調と話者交替の談話機能に関連が見られたが,主に終助詞を含んだ一部の形態素では,関連が見られないことが示された。また,複数の品詞が同じ形態素で表現される場合があり,言語情報を用いる際の注意点について述べる。

著者

橋本 慎吾

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.3, 2005-12-31

著者

佐藤 大和

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.1, pp.67-78, 2002-04-30

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This paper describes Japanese loanword accentuation, and proposes a strategy to assign accent types of these words. About four hundred sixty unitary loanwords are prepared having more than 5 morae. Nine native speakers, with a Tokyo dialect, are instructed to assign the most separable intra-word juncture and accent location of the words. The experimental result shows that Japanese loanword accentuation is closely related to the word formation quasi-structure and the metrical structure formed by compounded syllables in the words. It is clarified that accentuation rules of unitary words with phonological juncture parallel Japanese compound accent rules. Moreover, an additional new accenting rule is also proposed based on the Japanese metrical structure. The loanword accent under such a metrical structure is placed at the penultimate position of the two-mora syllable unit (foot).

著者

中路 信子

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.1-3, 2012-04-30

著者

窪薗 晴夫

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.93-104, 2012-04-30

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This paper describes the prosodic system of Koshikijima Japanese, which is an endangered dialect spoken in the south of Japan, off the mainland of Kagoshima. This dialect resembles its sister dialect, Kagoshima Japanese, in several ways: It has a two-pattern prosodic system where words display only two tonal patterns; The domain of accent/tone assignment is the syntactic phrase known as bunsetsu rather than the word; Compounds inherit the tonal pattern of their initial morpheme. On the other hand, Koshikijima Japanese has developed its prosodic system in several unique ways. First, three-mora or longer words exhibit two high tones, or two pitch peaks. Second, this system relies both on the mora and the syllable, with the second high tone assigned to a particular mora at (or near) the end of the word and the first high tone linked to one or more syllables at the beginning of the word. Finally, this dialect has a high tone deletion rule whereby the second high tone of each word/phrase is deleted in non-final positions of the sentence.

著者

新田 哲夫

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.63-79, 2012-04-30

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The Oki Islands, Shimane Prefecture, are considered the only area which has three-pattern accentuation in Mainland Japan, although it has been reported that several dialects of the Ryukyuan language have three-pattern accentuation. However, I have discovered three-pattern accentuation also exists in the Kokonogi dialect, Fukui Prefecture, which is located east of the Oki Islands. This paper will first describe the accent system of this dialect and verify that the dialect has some of the characteristics peculiar to N-pattern accent systems. However, the dialect does not have consistency of accent pattern in forms of the verb conjugation, something observed in some dialects with an N-pattern accent system. Finally, I will try to give a historical reason for this inconsistency by showing the correspondences between the verbal accentuation of the Kokonogi dialect and those of the Kochi dialect, which retains older accent forms than the Kyoto dialect.

著者

早田 輝洋

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.3, pp.4-9, 2001-12-31

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Word-tone dialects in Kyushu, where each lexical item in the speaker's mental lexicon has one of two tones, i.e., melodies, are found throughout western and southern Kyushu. Every lexical item is thought to be redundancy-free since the grammar is designed to minimize the amount of information that must be stored. Accordingly, each lexical item of Kyushu word-tone dialects must carry only one bit of tonal information. Predictable phonetic information is supplied by rules or constraints.

著者

姜 英淑

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.149-161, 2012-04-30

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In this paper, I will describe the accent systems of the Sacheon and Sancheong dialects of Korean located in Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea. I analyze the Sacheon dialect as a four-pattern accent system, in which one accent-kernel and three word-tones are distinguished, and the Sancheong dialect as a three-pattern accent system, in which one accent-kernel and two word-tones are distinguished. Both dialects are N-pattern accent systems, where both accent-kernel and word-tone coexist within the accent system of the noun. In this regard, these N-pattern accent systems are different from the N-pattern accent systems described by Uwano Zendo (or from the word-tone languages described by Hayata Teruhiro).

著者

石井 絵美子

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.3, 2003-12-30

著者

宮島 崇浩 菊池 英明 白井 克彦 大川 茂樹

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.3, pp.10-23, 2013-12-30

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This paper explains the procedure to enhance the expressiveness in acted speech. We designed our own "format of acting script" referring to the theory of drama and created 280 acting scripts. We presented these acting scripts as acting directions to three actresses and collected 840 speech data. For comparison, using typical emotional words as acting directions, we also collected 160 speech data from each actress. Then, we compared tendencies of various features of each data type and each speaker and found that our acting scripts are effective on the enhancement of expressiveness in acted speech psychologically/acoustically.

著者

宇都木 昭 田 允實 金 熹成

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.2, pp.30-42, 2008-08-30

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日本語(東京方言)におけるダウンステップの存在が古くから指摘されている一方で,近年では韓国語(ソウル方言)にもそれに類する現象が存在するという指摘がある。これらの現象は,フォーカスによってリセットされるという点て共通する。本稿は,これらの現象とそれがリセットされた場合との間の離散性の有無について,それを解明することの理論的重要性を指摘するとともに,範躊知覚実験による解明の試みを報告するものである。実験の結果,どちらの言語に関しても典型的な範躊知覚の特徴は見出されなかった。これにはアクセントの影響や刺激音の自然度の影響という想定外の要因が混入したと考えられるため,離散性の有無に関して現時点で結論を下すのは困難であり,今後方法論の改善を要する。一方で,実験の主目的とは別の点て,いくつかの興味深い結果が得られた。これには,上述のアクセントや刺激音の自然度の実験結果への影響に加え,刺激音提示順の効果,および,F0ピークの役割に関する日本語と韓国語の差異が含まれる。

著者

米山 聖子 北原 真冬

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.1, pp.30-39, 2014-04-30

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英語母音の持続時間が有声子音の前では無声子音の前よりも1.5倍ほど長いという現象は,一般に有声効果(voicing effect)と呼ばれ,英語特有の現象とされてきた。しかしながら,多くの実験結果から,有声効果は英語のみならず他言語にも見られることが明らかになってきた。例えば,有声効果は普遍的な音声メカニズムに起因するという考えがある一方で(Ko 2007),英語の1.5倍という効果の大きさには個別文法が関係しているという見方(House 1961)もある。本稿では,まず普遍的なメカニズムに起因するという仮説を検証するため,NTT乳幼児音声データベース(Amano,Kondo,Kato and Nakatani 2009)と日本語話し言葉コーパス(Maekawa 2003)を用いて幼児および成人の日本語話者における有声効果の有無を検証した。その上で,英語の大きな有声効果を日本人英語学習者が獲得可能であるかどうか,習熟度によって分けた2群の被験者の産出データから検討した。その結果,有声効果は普遍的・音声的な基盤を持ちながらも,言語個別の音韻特質によって抑制・促進されうる可能性が高いことを明らかにした。

著者

松森 晶子

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.3, pp.64-67, 2001-12-31

著者

児玉 望

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.119-133, 2012-04-30

被引用文献数

2

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In this study, contrastive tones in six dialects of Japanese spoken in Yakushima are analysed as lexical tone systems in which either of the two distinctive tone contours realizes an accentual phrase according to the tonal feature of the initial word of the phrase. Given that spontaneous speech data are available for analysis, a special focus of this study is the presence of the right edge tones in both contours in five out of the six dialects, a feature shared by the Kagoshima and Tanegashima dialects. A tentative reconstruction of the three lineages is presented on the assumption that the characteristic LHL on the left edge of the type A contour in Yakushima is an innovation rather than a case of retention.