著者

藤本 雅子

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.1, pp.50-59, 2005-04-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

被引用文献数

1

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The glottal opening pattern during /CVC/ (voiceless consonant- vowel- voiceless consonant) sequences was examined using photoelectric glottography (PGG). The subject was a male speaker of Osaka dialect whose devoicing rate is less frequent than speakers of Tokyo dialect (standard Japanese). Results revealed that, for many of the devoiced tokens, the glottal opening showed a bimodal pattern, i.e. two independent openings, each corresponding to a voiceless consonant overlapping with each other and accompanied by a closing movement in between. This pattern differs from the mono-modal pattern for the Tokyo speakers in previous studies, in which higher level control of speech production is presumably involved. This suggests that the devoicing of the Osaka speaker in question is not controlled by a categorically-determined command such as phonological rules. The results also demonstrated that the degree of glottal opening was greater for fricatives than for stops, and in word initial than in word medial position. This is consistent with previous studies, suggesting that these features are common to Tokyo and Osaka speakers.

著者

邊 姫京

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.2, pp.23-37, 2016-08-30 (Released:2017-07-04)

参考文献数

58

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The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the diachronic change in Voice Onset Time (VOT) of Korean word-initial stops associated with gender differences. Seventy-four native speakers of Seoul Korean, aged 15–59 years (born 1955–1999), were recruited for the production test. The results presently indicate three discernible stages of sound change in VOT value of stops—distinction, overlap, and merger—and females lead the change in VOT. As of 2015, Males in their 40s and 50s have a clear distinction in VOT between lenis and aspirated stops, while males in their 30s and under overlap the two stops but do not merge them. On the other hand, females in their 40s and 50s overlap the VOT between lenis and aspirated stops, whereas females in their 30s and under completely merge the two stops.

著者

中井 幸比古

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.1, pp.19-29, 2006-04-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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This paper describes the accentual system of the Sanagishima Dialect, centering on (1) the opposition and neutralization of two registers (low-level register and high-level register), (2) phonological interpretations of tonal patterns which occur in quasi-complementary distribution conditioned by vowel aperture and morpheme boundary, and (3) accent changes in progress which influence the interpretations of the accentual system.

著者

亀田 裕見

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.1, pp.5-18, 2006-04-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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In Ibuki Island, Kagawa Prefecture, a "kako-shiki (declining)" accent is observed by some scholars. Judged with the aural impressions, the previous studies have stated that this accent pattern has subtle declining tone from the second mora to the third mora. In this article, we measure frequency movements of this accent and compare them with those of the words in the second mora nucleus type accents. The result is as follows. The difference clearly exists between the kako-shiki accent and the other accents on Ibuki Island. And the peak position of frequency movement does not always exists between the second mora and the third mora. In addition, we collect samples of the small declining tones in three different places in the northeastern Shikoku area. We try to extract frequency movement patterns in each mora, and to characterize these patterns.

著者

KAWAHARA Shigeto

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.2, pp.102-110, 2016

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<p>As a case study of the general theme of this special issue—"different phonetic realizations of different social characters", this paper explores prosodic features of two types of prototypical maid voices, which have been emerging in recent Japanese culture: "moe" and "tsun". Two professional voice actresses read simple Japanese SOV sentences in three types of voices: Moe, tsun, and normal. Acoustic analyses show that the moe voice is characterized by higher f0 and louder voice than the normal voice, whereas the tsun voice is characterized by lower f0 and quieter voice. The current study also finds that the speakers manipulate H-tone targets more extensively than L-tone targets to differentiate different speech styles, which is compatible with some previous studies and models of intonation. In terms of its research value, the current findings may not be ground-breaking; however, an additional value of this research lies in the fact that this sort of material makes phonetic analyses more accessible to the general public as well as to students in undergraduate education. To that end, some sample sounds are made available at http://bit.ly/1WCu5DA.</p>

著者

氏平 明

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.65-75, 1999-04-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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The purpose of this study is to elucidate the nature of disfluencies produced by stutterers and normal speakers of Japanese. The first part of the paper reports the result of a detailed analysis of over 2000 stuttering samples (repetition) produced by 36 stutterers and 286 normal speakers. The analysis has revealed that most of the segmentation patterns in the samples are mora-based segmentations. The second part is to seek the difference between stutterers' and normal speakers' repetitions. The statistic analysis from the viewpoint of a phonetic transition defect has revealed that the trigger of nonstutterers' disfluency is not so relevant to the phonetic transition as that of stutterers'. This implies that the two kinds of disfluencies have different backgrounds. On the other hand, the triggers of stuttering, which are stops, can be interpreted as stutterers' flaws in their phonetic plans. This finding makes up for a weak point of The Covert Repair Hypothesis.

著者

清水 克正

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.2, pp.4-10, 1999-08-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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The present study is concerned with the voicing contrasts of stop consonants in Japanese and English, and examines phonetic characteristics of their contrasts. The examination is mainly based on the acoustic analysis of initial stops in the two languages. Based on the analysis, it can be said that Japanese and English use several acoustic features such as voice onset time (VOT), Fo and its curve, and the onset of the first formant frequency for distinguishing voicing contrasts. Phonetic differences of the voicing contrasts in the two languages can be represented by the selection of the laryngeal features /VOICE, ASPIRATED, TENSE/, and the implementation of these selected features.

著者

上野 善道

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.3, pp.1-4, 2011-12-30 (Released:2018-03-31)

著者

青井 隼人

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.3, pp.71-72, 2010

著者

上田 功

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.2, pp.21-28, 2013-08-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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The present study attempts to reexamine what is oft-times referred to as "Natural Process Analysis (NPA)" from a phonological and clinical perspective. First, theoretical implications of NPA are examined. Based upon modern phonology, an analytic tool should necessarily be equipped with theoretical constructs including input and output forms, and intervening rules, processes, or constraints, depending upon the framework. NPA fails because it only relies upon dynamic processes to reach output forms, always positing adult-like input forms for each and every child. Second, for NPA, phonemes are the smallest phonological unit to be analyzed. This assumption sometimes leads to correct output forms resulting from incorrect input forms because it fails to take distinctive features into account. Finally, it is suggested that practical clinicians be provided with a proper knowledge of phonology to conduct a clinically effective phonological analysis of functional misarticulation systems.

著者

郡 史郎

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.2, pp.43-60, 2006-08-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

被引用文献数

1

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The dialect of the city of Kumamoto in Kyushu and its surrounding areas is said to lack lexical accent systems. Sentences uttered by 15 speakers were acoustically examined in order to identify the rules that characterize the sentence prosody in this variety of Japanese. Semantic restriction and focus were found to be the determining factors of intonational phrasing. The results also revealed that words have a tonal autonomy, with a rise at the beginning and a fall that may occur in any position of the word except for the beginning. This suggests that this dialect should be considered to have word accent ("indefinite" accent) contrary to the traditional view.

著者

佐藤 努

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.2, pp.40-50, 1999-08-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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Recent developments of speech analysis tools in the form of computer software enable us to visualise and observe in a more efficient manner than ever the acoustic characteristics of speech. The pedagogical applications of the analytic technique have been made to a visual-aided teaching method of English pronunciation. This paper, comparing the phonetic characteristics of English pronunciation by native speakers of English and those by Japanese speakers, attempts to clarify the causes of the so-called 'unEnglish' features by Japanese speakers in the following order: segments, rhythm and weakening, assimilation, and intonation. In so doing, teaching methods and learning materials are suggested in order for Japanese learners of English to overcome the inappropriate elements in their pronunciation.

著者

手島 良

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.1, pp.31-43, 2011

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This article examines the following three aspects of teaching English pronunciation at secondary schools in Japan: 1)which features of pronunciation are actually taught and which are not; 2) which problems are caused by this; and 3)which measures can or should be taken to solve the problems. In each aspect above, single sounds, word/phrase/sentence stresses and intonation are taken into account. Very little time is devoted to teaching pronunciation, and sadly awareness of the importance of pronunciation among pupils/students is quite low. In order to improve the situation, remedies, such as phonics-based instruction, are proposed.

著者

イリーナ シュポルト

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.2, 2007-08-30

著者

大竹 孝司

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.2, pp.95-97, 2001-08-31

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This book deals with linguistic rhythmic structures of human languages. The author has proposed two kinds of rhythmic structure, each of which depends upon the rhythmic rates. He argues, moreover, that there is a hierarchical relationship between them. This hypothesis was tested by a number of experiments with variety of subjects.

著者

松浦 博 秀島 雅之 和田 淳一郎 犬飼 周佑 安藤 智宏 五十嵐 順正

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.3, pp.53-65, 2009-12-30

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In this paper we describe a newly developed assessment method of Japanese mora timing, which is the foundation of the rhythm of the Japanese language, based on the phonetic segment technique. In this technique time-spectral patterns of uttered speech are transferred to the phonetic segment labels every 8ms frame shift. First, we propose a consonant region and vowel region estimation algorithm based on the phonetic segment labels. Next, we calculate the mora length simply and accurately by the number of phonetic segment labels and evaluate the pronunciation of foreign students. Furthermore, by using the utterance data of Japanese students, we show that the permissible variation based on the type of each mora and adjacent mora differs. We claim that the proposed method of evaluating the validity of a foreign student's mora timing by using the mora length and the ratio of each mora length to the whole word length is effective.

著者

橋本 慎吾

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.3, 2009-12-30

著者

馬場 良二

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.3, pp.80, 2004-12-31 (Released:2018-03-31)

著者

藤本 雅子 篠原 茂子

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.2, pp.95-108, 2018-08-30 (Released:2018-11-15)

参考文献数

35

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The present study investigates the acoustic and articulatory characteristics of voiced plosive geminates produced by a male speaker of Kumamoto dialect in Kyushu District. Two types of Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI), real-time MRI and synchronized MRI, are used for articulatory analyses. The acoustic result showed that relatively long voicing period appeared during the closure of voiced geminates. Plosive /dd/ showed voicing continuing from a preceding vowel (post-voicing) and pre-voicing of the consonant, while /gg/ showed only post-voicing. Analyses of MRI revealed that the distance between lower tongue and pharyngeal wall extended towards the end of the geminate plosives suggesting the occurrence of pharyngeal expansion. This agrees to the result of the speakers of Ikema southern Ryukyuan whose voiced geminates were voiced throughout the consonants. Thus, pharyngeal expansion is regarded to be an major articulatory manifestation to keep and excite voicing during voiced geminates.

著者

松浦 年男

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.2, pp.141-150, 2018-08-30 (Released:2018-11-15)

参考文献数

16

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This paper reports that phonetic realization of voiced geminates in the Murayama dialect of Yamagata Japanese. Whether closure voicing ratio is long or not in voiced geminates in Tohoku dialects is controversial. This paper analyzes the data which were taken from elicitation from four native speakers, and demonstrates that both long and short closure voicing ratio exist in the dialect. Moreover, the result demonstrates that closure voicing ratio of underlying voiced geminate is longer than that of derived one for one speaker. Our results imply the necessarity that more comprehensive research on voicing in Tohoku dialects is needed.