出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬学会
雑誌
ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.58, no.2, pp.96-97, 2022 (Released:2022-02-01)

表紙の説明:58巻偶数号表紙では,日本の医薬品産業発祥の地と言われる大阪市中央区道修町にある神社と医薬品に関する展示施設を紹介する.今月号ではCOVID-19の収束を願い,日本の薬の神様を祭る「少彦名神社」と「病除の御守り(くすりの道修町資料館提供)」を取り上げる.コレラ流行の際,漢方薬の虎頭骨等を配合した丸薬「虎頭殺鬼雄黄圓」に効き目があったことから,張子の虎が病除の御守りとなった.
著者
猪又 明子 小縣 昭夫 多田 幸恵 長澤 明道 湯澤 勝廣 安藤 弘 久保 喜一 高橋 博 海鉾 藤文 田中 和良 中嶋 順一 鈴木 淳子 植村 望美 守安 貴子 渡辺 大介 石原 恵 宇佐美 孝 亀井 学 河野 安昭
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬学会
雑誌
YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.137, no.8, pp.1005-1015, 2017-08-01 (Released:2017-08-01)
参考文献数
18
被引用文献数
1 1

We developed a new inhalation exposure method to evaluate effects of synthetic cannabimimetics that are being distributed as new, unregulated drugs in the Tokyo area. We selected the commercial product “SOUTOU” containing AB-CHMINACA and 5F-AMB as the test drug and dried marshmallow (Althaea officinalis) leaves as the negative control. A half cigarette packed with dried marshmallow leaves or SOUTOU was ignited, then mainstream smoke from each was delivered to five mice in an exposure box. After the cigarettes were fully consumed, neurobehavioral observations and a catalepsy test were performed at 15, 30 and 60 min after exposure. The effluent air from the exposure box was poured into impingers containing acetonitrile (first impinger) and dimethyl sulfoxide (second impinger). The resulting solutions were analyzed to assess decomposition of the synthetic cannabimimetics. Mice exposed to SOUTOU smoke showed many excitement behaviors and some suppressive behaviors at 15, 30 and 60 min. These clearly included cannabimimetic specific pharmacological actions. Negative control mice also showed some suppressive behaviors at 15 min but these were attenuated at later times, nearly disappearing at 60 min. In addition, the behavioral effects observed in controls were less pronounced than those in SOUTOU exposed mice. The inhalation exposure method developed in our study would be effective for determining cannabinoid specific pharmacological effects of illegal drugs, as well as for assessing the presence of active compound(s) by comparing the test substance with a negative control.
著者
石井 正和 加藤 大貴 今若 楽明 笠井 英世 石橋 正祥
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬学会
雑誌
YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.139, no.1, pp.107-111, 2019-01-01 (Released:2019-01-01)
参考文献数
22

To clarify the associated factors for negative response to sumatriptan nasal spray in patients with cluster headache, we investigated the involvement of clinical information, such as the characteristics of headaches, before commencing sumatriptan nasal spray treatment. There were 18 male patients and 4 female patients. A total of 17 responders and 5 non-responders to sumatriptan nasal spray participated in the present study. Three factors for negative response to sumatriptan nasal spray, “young age of onset”, “psychiatric disorder”, and “the headache is not in the orbit,” were found. Oxygen inhalation and/or subcutaneous injection were effective for nonresponsive cases. Therefore, these factors are considered to be useful for predicting therapy before applying sumatriptan nasal spray.
著者
山田 智之
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬学会
雑誌
ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.57, no.9, pp.861, 2021

2019年12月に中国武漢で発生した新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)の世界的流行が続いている(2021年4月現在).<br>このような背景のなか,COVID-19に対するワクチンが開発され(COVID-19ワクチン),各国で接種が進められている.これまでワクチンは,生ワクチンや不活化ワクチン等が認可されてきたが,COVID-19ではmRNAワクチンやウイルスベクターワクチン等の遺伝子を用いたワクチンを中心に開発が進められてきている.<br>例えば,mRNAワクチンとは,新型コロナウイルスのスパイクタンパク質をコードするmRNAを,体内での分解を防ぐために脂質ナノ粒子で包みカプセル化したものである.ワクチン投与後はヒト細胞中に取り込まれたmRNAを鋳型としてスパイクタンパク質が生成され,免疫応答が誘導される.これらのワクチンは既存の生ワクチンや不活化ワクチンと異なりウイルス培養を必要としないため,従来型のワクチンと比較して迅速な開発と実用化が可能であり,2020年1月にゲノム配列が報告されてから1年足らずで実用化に至った.本稿では,Badenらが報告した2021年5月現在,モデルナと武田薬品工業が我が国で承認申請中のmRNAワクチンであるmRNA-1273の臨床試験結果を紹介する(注:本ワクチンは2021年5月21日に厚生労働省から特例承認を取得し,すでに接種が開始されている).<br>なお,本稿は下記の文献に基づいて,その研究成果を紹介するものである.<br>1) Polack F. P. <i>et al</i>., <i>N</i>. <i>Engl</i>. <i>J</i>. <i>Med</i>., <b>383</b>, 2603-2615(2020).<br>2) Baden L. R. <i>et al</i>., <i>N</i>. <i>Engl</i>. <i>J</i>. <i>Med</i>., <b>384</b>, 403-416(2021).<br>3) Seki Y. <i>et al</i>., <i>J</i>. <i>Infect</i>. <i>Chemother</i>., <b>23</b>, 615-620(2017).<br>4) Dagan N. <i>et al</i>., <i>N</i>. <i>Engl</i>. <i>J</i>. <i>Med</i>., <b>384</b>, 1412-1423(2021).
著者
菅原 英輝
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬学会
雑誌
ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.56, no.8, pp.786_1, 2020

新型コロナウイルスによるパンデミックの先行きが見えず人々の不安が絶えない大きな理由の1つとして、現時点では有効な治療薬が無いことが挙げられる。5月7日、抗エボラ出血熱薬であるレムデシビルが我が国初の新型コロナウイルス感染症治療薬として特例承認された。今回の治療薬の開発および臨床使用における薬学関係者の活躍が人々の不安を解消し、さらにはパンデミックの終息に向けて大きな役割を担うことを期待したい。
著者
西原 正和
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬学会
雑誌
ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.57, no.5, pp.412, 2021

COVID-19は,新型コロナウイルス(SARS-CoV-2)による感染症で,2019年12月に中国湖北省武漢市で確認されて以降,世界中に拡大した.今やパンデミックに至ったCOVID-19に対抗するため,各国では治療薬候補の選定やワクチンの開発を喫緊の課題として推し進めている.日本でも,レムデシビルがCOVID-19の重症患者を対象とした治療薬として特例承認され,天然物から開発された駆虫薬・イベルメクチンについても,COVID-19治療薬としての臨床試験が行われている.一般的にウイルス感染症の治療では,相乗効果を得るため異なる標的を持つ抗ウイルス剤を組み合わせる.本稿では,ベルベリンやレムデシビルを含む9種の化合物について,SARS-CoV-2に対する単剤および併用での効果を評価したPizzornoらの報告を紹介したい.<br>なお,本稿は下記の文献に基づいて,その研究成果を紹介するものである.<br>1) Pizzorno A. <i>et</i> <i>al</i>., <i>Antiviral</i> <i>Res</i>., <b>181</b>, 104878(2020).<br>2) Wu Y. <i>et</i> <i>al</i>., <i>Chin</i>. <i>J</i>. <i>Integr</i>. <i>Med</i>., <b>17</b>, 444-452(2011).<br>3) Ianevski A. <i>et</i> <i>al</i>., <i>Bioinformatics</i>, <b>33</b>, 2413-2415(2017).
著者
秋元 浩
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬学会
雑誌
ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.50, no.5, pp.459, 2014

森田さんに最初にお目にかかったのは,昭和47年にポスドク第1号として武田薬品工業に入社した時である.当時,森田さんは化学研究所第一研究部長であったかと記憶しているが,それよりもどこの貴公子かと見間違うばかりに痩身長軀のスタイルがとてもカッコ良かったとの印象が強い.きっと,森田さんの出自の良さがその当時からにじみ出ていたのであろう.
著者
虎谷 哲夫
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬学会
雑誌
YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.130, no.11, pp.1453-1462, 2010-11-01 (Released:2010-11-01)
参考文献数
28
被引用文献数
1 1

Vitamin B12 is produced only by prokaryotes and utilized by animals as an essential micronutrient. Genetic complementation analysis of cell lines from patients indicated that at least eight gene products are involved in intracellular B12 metabolism and utilization. We have investigated bacterial adenosylcobalamin-dependent enzymes and elucidated their structure-based fine mechanisms. They tend to undergo mechanism-based inactivation during catalysis, because they use highly reactive radicals for catalyzing chemically difficult reactions. We have discovered molecular chaperone-like reactivating factors for these enzymes that release a damaged cofactor forming apoenzyme. Methylcobalamin-dependent methionine synthase also undergoes inactivation, because it utilizes cob(I)alamin, a super nucleophile, for catalysis. Methionine synthase reductase is a reactivating partner for this enzyme. Recent studies suggested that activity-maintaining systems for B12 enzymes are present in animal cells as well, and thus hints for designing therapeutic agents for B12-related metabolic disorders might be obtained from the investigations of microbial B12 metabolism.
著者
菊山 史博 鈴木 小夜 地引 綾 横山 雄太 河添 仁 中村 智徳
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬学会
雑誌
YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.140, no.6, pp.799-808, 2020-06-01 (Released:2020-06-01)
参考文献数
28
被引用文献数
2

Pharmacy practice experience (PPE) is essential in the six-year course of pharmaceutical education in Japan. We previously found that PPE reinforced students' self-efficacy for curriculums (SECs), leading robust acquisition and reconstruction of pharmaceutical expertise. In this study, we aimed to clarify whether students' SECs affect successful experiences as enactive attainments in PPE. We distributed survey questionnaires to the fifth-year students in Keio University in 2016-2017 before and after PPE. The students made a self-assessment of their psychological state “expect to do well” on a seven-point Likert scale for each curriculum (C1 to C18), and their successful experiences were also collected from free description type questionnaire. We could follow up 139 students. The SEC scores increased from pre-PPE to post I (p<0.001) and II terms (p<0.01). The increase in SEC scores during PPE was associated with the rate of students' successful experiences in the first-term PPE (p=0.04). The path analysis revealed the following as significant predictive factors of SECs for successful experiences: basic sciences (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, and C6) with stand-ardizing coefficient 0.35, health and environmental sciences (C11 and C12) with 0.39, and pharmaceutical sciences (C7, C8, C9, C10, C13, and C14) with −0.51. Students in the first-term PPE tended to experience successful performance in medical professions by using their pharmaceutical expertise that they had learned. In this study, for the first time, we demonstrated that Japanese students' SECs for pharmaceutical expertise affected successful experiences, leading better outcomes of PPE.
著者
大久保 正人 増田 和司 小林 由佳 中村 貴子 鈴木 貴明 石井 伊都子
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬学会
雑誌
YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.141, no.5, pp.731-742, 2021-05-01 (Released:2021-05-01)
参考文献数
18

In 2010, the in-hospital practical training period for pharmacy students was extended from 4 to 11 weeks. We have conducted questionnaire surveys of these students every year with the aim of reviewing the quality of training by conduction of surveys and evaluations. However, it was not clear whether reviewing based on the questionnaire results improved student satisfaction with the in-hospital practical training. Therefore, the aim of this study was to verify the validity of reviewing based on the questionnaire results by analyzing the data accumulated during the long-term practical training. A questionnaire survey was conducted of 333 5th-year students upon completion of practical training at Chiba University Hospital from 2010 to 2017. Students self-evaluated their attitude toward practical training on a 6-point scale and their satisfaction level for each component of the practical training on a 5-point scale. The students were also allowed to share their feelings about hospital pharmacy work. Repeated review of the training content can facilitate communication with patients, which was lacking at the beginning of the training period. Improved communication led to higher-quality pharmacy practice and increased student satisfaction. Meanwhile, changes to work procedures may reduce student satisfaction unless the training strategy is reviewed accordingly. Because the work of hospital pharmacists is constantly changing, it is considered that the content of the practical training should be revised accordingly through continuous conduction of surveys and evaluations, thereby enabling optimal practical training.
著者
澤間 善成
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬学会
雑誌
YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.142, no.2, pp.139-144, 2022-02-01 (Released:2022-02-01)
参考文献数
24

Deuterium (2H, D) is a stable isotope of hydrogen (1H). Deuterium-incorporated (labelled) compounds are widely utilized in various scientific fields such as mechanistic studies of organic reactions, elucidation of drug metabolism, application as tracers for microanalysis. Recently, development of heavy drugs and molecular imaging using techniques such as neutron scattering and Raman spectroscopy are spotlighted. We have developed various deuterium-incorporated compounds using D2O as an inexpensive deuterium source to construct novel functional materials. The use of platinum group metals on carbon as catalysts could result in the multi-deuteration of compounds in the mixed solvents of 2-propanol and D2O, and site-selectively deuterated compounds can be synthesized by organocatalytic methods. In this review, the latter deuteration methods using organocatalysts and their applications are summarized. Terminal alkynes smoothly underwent deuterium incorporation by using triethylamine as an organic base or a solid resin possessing the tertiary amine moiety in the same molecule to give mono-deuterated alkynes. These compounds were partially reduced over our prepared specific palladium catalyst under atmospheric D2 gas to produce tri-deuterated alkenes. Achiral or chiral di-deuterated β-nitro alcohols were also prepared by the organic-base-catalyzed deuteration of nitromethane, followed by nitroaldol reactions in a one pot manner. The mono-deuteration of aromatic aldehyde could be effectively catalyzed by N-heterocyclic carbene. Furthermore, the α-deuteration of aliphatic aldehydes using a basic resin catalyst and the subsequent Knoevenagel condensation with malononitrile could provide γ-deuterium-incorporated α,β-unsaturated nitrile derivatives. The deuterated compounds thus obtained can be important synthetic precursors to construct the deuterium-incorporated target functional materials.
著者
加藤 文子
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬学会
雑誌
ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.50, no.3, pp.251, 2014 (Released:2016-04-19)
参考文献数
3

一般用医薬品(OTC薬)の副作用は年間250症例前後報告されている.中でも総合感冒剤,解熱鎮痛消炎剤が上位を占め,アナフィラキシーショック,肝機能障害,スティーブンス・ジョンソン症候群等の重篤な症例や死亡に至る症例も報告されている.今回,OTC薬の総合感冒剤や解熱鎮痛消炎剤にも用いられている非ステロイド性抗炎症薬(NSAIDs)により,血管や上部消化管合併症リスクが増加する結果を示した報告について紹介したい.なお,本稿は下記の文献に基づいて,その研究成果を紹介するものである.1) Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Safety Information No. 293, Aug. (2012).2) Coxib and traditional NSAID Trialists' (CNT) Collaboration, Lancet, 382, 769-779 (2013).3) U.S. Food and Drug Administration, news release, Aug. (2013).