著者

上杉 志成

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.9, pp.919-920, 2008-09-01 (Released:2018-08-26)

参考文献数

3

著者

上杉 志成

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.8, pp.820-822, 2008-08-01 (Released:2018-08-26)

参考文献数

5

著者

上杉 志成

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.7, pp.714-716, 2008-07-01 (Released:2018-08-26)

参考文献数

5

著者

上杉 志成

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.6, pp.573-574, 2008-06-01 (Released:2018-08-26)

著者

上杉 志成

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.5, pp.463-464, 2008-05-01 (Released:2018-08-26)

著者

小島 慧一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.141, no.10, pp.1155-1160, 2021-10-01 (Released:2021-10-01)

参考文献数

38

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Opsins (also called animal rhodopsins) are universal photoreceptive proteins that provide the molecular basis of visual and nonvisual photoreception in animals, including humans. Opsins consist of seven helical α-transmembrane domains and use retinal, a derivative of vitamin A, as a chromophore. In many opsins, light absorption triggers photo-isomerization from 11-cis retinal to all-trans retinal, resulting in activation via dynamic structural changes in the protein moiety. Activated opsins stimulate cognate trimeric G proteins to induce signal transduction cascades in cells. Recently, molecular and physiological analyses of diverse opsins have progressively advanced. This review introduces the molecular basis and physiological functions of opsins. Based on the functions of opsins, I will discuss the potential of opsins as target molecules to treat and prevent visual and nonvisual diseases such as sleep disorder and depression.

著者

三浦 孝次 池田 政男 大橋 冨次 岡田 いく子 五十嵐 良子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.4, pp.341-345, 1964

被引用文献数

5

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Antitumor activity of a large number of nitrofuran derivatives of quinoline was tested with mice bearing Ehrlich ascites tumor EY-33. Pure strain healthy <i>ddN</i> mice, weighing 18-22g., were intraperitoneally inoculated with this Ehrlich ascites tumor. After 24 hours, 0.2ml. of 5% glucose solution of the test compound was injected intraperitoneally, once a day for 7 days, to test antitumor activity. Normal mice inoculated with this ascites tumor generally died from accumulation of the ascites after about 10-19 days. Compounds were considered effective when the mice survived 50 days after the inoculation of the ascites. The compounds found to be effective by this test were sodium 2-[2-(5-nitro-2-furyl)vinyl]-4-quinolinecarboxylate (I), 2-[2-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-vinyl]-4-aminoquinoline lactate (II), and 4-[2-(5-nitro-2-furyl)vinyl]-2-aminoquinoline lactate (III). For the sake of comparison, panfuran hydrochloride and mitomycin-C were tested at the same time.<br>The data obtained with these compounds were as follows (given in the order of the name of compound, LD₅₀ in mg./kg., ED₆₀ in mg.&times;kg., and C. I.): I, 240, 20, 12; II, 23.8, 1, 23.8; III, 26.3, 5, 5.2; panfuran hydrochloride, 72.5, 0, 0; mitomycin-C, 5.2, 0.5, 12.4.<br>In order to clarify the action mechanism of these compounds, their action in suppressing the dehydronase of Ehrlich ascites tumor, and syntheses of nucleic acid and protein by <i>coli bacilli</i> was examined. It was presumed from its results that the antitumor action of I was due mainly to the suppression of dehydrogenase action, and that of II and III to the suppression of dehydrogenase action and DNA synthesis.

著者

木村 常行

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.10, pp.986-987, 2008

参考文献数

5

著者

片山 歳也 松田 浩明

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.141, no.11, pp.1261-1265, 2021-11-01 (Released:2021-11-01)

参考文献数

11

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At small or mid-sized medical institutions, such as Japanese community hospitals, adequate infectious disease physicians (IDP) are lacking, mainly due to shortages of full-time pharmacists and IDPs who support antimicrobial stewardship team (AST) activities. With our hospital AST, we developed a multidisciplinary approach based on the interim reports of culture results or detected resistant bacteria for physicians, which are written by pharmacists and clinical laboratory technicians. At the AST conference, a pharmacist works as a chairman and reviews abstracts of cases which need to be discussed. We performed a retrospective analysis of the process and outcome of AST implementation, and introduced the use of reduction data for our hospital, obtained from Japan Surveillance for Infection Prevention and Healthcare Epidemiology (J-SIPHE). This program is important for pharmacists to promote the diagnostic process and comprehensive judgment necessary for bedside practice with infectious disease cases. We offer opportunities for pharmacy students to participate in the AST conference to learn how pharmacists consult with doctors about diagnosis and treatment. At present, the cooperation between AS and diagnostic stewardship (DS) has been emphasized, and improvements in a pharmacist's overall judgment regarding infectious disease cases are required to appropriate antimicrobial use. In addition, improving communication skills is essential for building a multidisciplinary approach. Regardless of the size of the facility, the role of pharmacists in AST should be implemented for the guidance of pharmacy students, which will help develop and secure future human resources at the facility.

著者

山口 智江 平松 久典 宮原 兼二 伊藤 功治 中根 茂喜

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.141, no.11, pp.1257-1260, 2021-11-01 (Released:2021-11-01)

参考文献数

5

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Since 1997, Chubu Rosai Hospital has been establishing the proper use of various antibacterial drugs through the activities of an infection control team (ICT), introduction of a notification system for specific antibacterial drug use, and intervention of ward pharmacists for individual cases. There is no infectious disease department, and we have been working closely with each other on multiple occupations. As an initiative, we established the Nagoya Southern Infection Countermeasures Meeting in 2006 and conducted antimicrobial use and resistance (AUR) surveys to promote the proper use of antimicrobial agents within the area. In April 2018, we formed an antimicrobial stewardship team (AST) and initiated activities. In addition, an AST pharmacist can share the AST results with the ward pharmacist, for proper use of antibacterial drugs and for early monitoring of infectious disease treatment and appropriate intervention, thus improving the efficiency of the ward pharmacist's work. This program will also lead to the development of training programs for the younger generation of pharmacists.

著者

塩田 有史 三鴨 廣繁

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.141, no.11, pp.1249-1251, 2021-11-01 (Released:2021-11-01)

参考文献数

6

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Since 2018, high expectations have been placed on the efforts of pharmacists in infectious disease diagnostic aid via Japan's antimicrobial stewardship team (AST). We will explain this while describing the process of diagnostic aid at our institution, a university hospital, and taking into account the point of view of what is required of pharmacist by infection control doctors when performing infectious disease diagnostic aid as well. At our hospital, we implement AST rounds as infectious disease diagnostic aid for positive blood cultures, bacterial culture results, fever, long-term administration of anti-bacterial medication, example consultation cases, etc. The number of rounds has been increasing over time, totaling 5654 cases in 2018. When performing infectious disease diagnostic aid, failure to also bear in mind infection control measures can result in failed treatment and outbreaks, so AST must coordinate with infection control team (ICT). Furthermore, when engaging in infectious disease diagnostic aid, pharmacists must also participate in clinical research in order to improve the quality of treatment. Although it also depends on the facility environment they are affiliated with, it would seem to be necessary for pharmacists to verify the knowledge obtained from clinical data using a fundamental approach. Moreover, conducting education for the doctor, pharmacist, and nurse trainees who make up their fellow and future staff is another vital role of AST pharmacists.

著者

吉長 尚美 久斗 章広 北井 見和 久光 由香 三五 裕子 吉田 耕一郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.141, no.11, pp.1253-1255, 2021-11-01 (Released:2021-11-01)

参考文献数

2

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Over the last decade, many public institutions have emphasized the importance of antimicrobial stewardship (AS) in reducing the spread of antimicrobial resistance. In our facility, we have tackled AS that has adapted to clinical practices since 2015. In many facilities, especially university hospitals, multidrug-resistant bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing bacteria, may cause infections. Considering this, we recommend prompt treatment with suitable antibiotics and dosage. In AS teams, pharmacists are responsible for administering pharmacotherapy, including optimal dosage for each patient. Therefore, they should assess their patients carefully, implement thorough therapeutic drug monitoring, and utilize the information obtained from these assessments to administer optimal pharmacotherapy. However, optimal pharmacotherapy also requires a correct diagnosis. Although diagnostic stewardship is not a pharmacist's work, it is a great opportunity for pharmacists to learn how expert physicians think. Based on the type of situation above, we train younger pharmacists on the job.

著者

塩田 有史 三鴨 廣繁 松元 加奈

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.141, no.11, pp.1247-1248, 2021-11-01 (Released:2021-11-01)

著者

北 潔 山田 陽城

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.136, no.2, pp.203-204, 2016

著者

西脇 純子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.1, pp.54-55, 2016

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<b>効能効果</b>:目の疲れ,眼病予防(水泳のあと,ほこりや汗が目に入ったときなど),結膜充血,目のかすみ(目やにの多いときなど),目のかゆみ,眼瞼炎(まぶたのただれ),紫外線その他の光線による眼炎(雪目など),ハードコンタクトレンズを装着しているときの不快感<br><b>成分分量</b>:【有効成分】パンテノール0.1%,ビタミンB6 0.1%,L-アスパラギン酸カリウム1%,ネオスチグミンメチル硫酸塩0.005%,コンドロイチン硫酸エステルナトリウム0.1%,グリチルリチン酸二カリウム0.1%,クロルフェニラミンマレイン酸塩0.01%,塩酸テトラヒドロゾリン0.01% 【添加物】アミノカプロン酸,塩化Na,l-メントール,d-カンフル,d-ボルネオール,ゲラニオール,ユーカリ油,プロピレングリコール,ペパーミントオイル,ベンザルコニウム塩化物,クロロブタノール,エデト塩Na,ポリソルベート80,ホウ酸,pH調整剤<br><b>用法用量</b>:1回1~3滴,1日5~6回点眼してください.※ソフトコンタクトレンズを装着したまま使用しないでください.<br>(上記は現在発売している「新V・ロート」のものを記載)

著者

岡田 浩 鈴木 渉太 西村 亜佐子 池田 裕美枝 阿部 圭子 中山 健夫

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.141, no.11, pp.1275-1279, 2021-11-01 (Released:2021-11-01)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1

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Emergency contraceptive (EC) pills are used to prevent pregnancy after unprotected sexual intercourse. Levonorgestrel is an EC pill, which has been only approved in Japan; it is more effective the sooner it is used after intercourse and safe without serious side effects. EC pills are already available at accessible community pharmacies in more than 90 countries around the world. In Japan, citizens have signed a petition calling for the sale of emergency contraceptives at community pharmacies. However, little is known about the thoughts of pharmacists who engage with patients and sell medicines at pharmacies. Therefore, we conducted a web-based cross-sectional survey to determine the level of preparation in community pharmacies and the awareness of pharmacists regarding the sale of EC pills. A total of 1338 pharmacists responded to the survey from November 7, 2020, to December 16, 2020. In terms of the level of preparation for selling EC pills at pharmacies, 1067 (83.9%) respondents cited “lack of preparation of medical questionnaires and explanatory materials”, and 975 (76.7%) respondents cited “lack of knowledge of pharmacists” as the most common reasons that were “barriers to EC pill sales at pharmacies”. In terms of confidence level, only 289 (22.7%) respondents were confident about conducting the necessary checks while administering medicine. On the other hand, 944 (74.3%) respondents agreed to be able to sell EC pills at their pharmacies. The survey revealed that most of the pharmacists who participated in the survey believe that it is possible to sell EC pills in pharmacies.

著者

高木 麻衣 相良 篤信 石澤 歩実 伊藤 文香 宮崎 雅之 千﨑 康司 永井 拓 山田 清文

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.139, no.10, pp.1327-1332, 2019-10-01 (Released:2019-10-01)

参考文献数

14

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The dosage of cisplatin is adjusted according to creatinine clearance (Ccr) estimated by the Cockcroft-Gault formula, which is commonly used as a marker for renal function. It is known that different serum creatinine (Scr) levels are reported depending on the analytical methods utilized such as the Scr level by the enzyme method being lower than that by the Jaffe method. Although the enzyme method is used in Japan, most drug dosages, including cisplatin, are adjusted according to the estimated Ccr using the Jaffe method-based Scr level. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether assessment of renal function with or without Scr adjustment affects cisplatin-based chemotherapy in cervical cancer patients. The patients were divided into two groups, normal (Ccr≥60 mL/min with adjusted Scr) and false normal (Ccr<60 mL/min with adjusted Scr, but Ccr≥60 mL/min with non-adjusted Scr). The false normal group had significantly higher rates of cisplatin dose reduction after the second course than the normal group (p<0.05). Leukocytopenia and Grade 2 or higher neutropenia were significantly more common in the false normal group than in the normal group (p<0.05). These results suggest that evaluation of renal function using the adjusted Scr is important for the accurate dosage of cisplatin and that it helps to improve the patient's quality of life. Further investigations may provide useful information for accurate and safe cisplatin-based chemotherapy for cancer patients.

著者

小野 真一 伊藤 芳久 石毛 久美子 井口 法男 小菅 康弘 浅見 覚 泉澤 恵 小林 弘子 林 宏行 鈴木 孝 岸川 幸生 畑 春実 小瀬 英司 田畑 恵市

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.137, no.11, pp.1419-1423, 2017-11-01 (Released:2017-11-01)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1 1

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It has been recommended that active learning methods, such as team-based learning (TBL) and problem-based learning (PBL), be introduced into university classes by the Central Council for Education. As such, for the past 3 years, we have implemented TBL in a medical therapeutics course for 4-year students. Based upon our experience, TBL is characterized as follows: TBL needs fewer teachers than PBL to conduct a TBL module. TBL enables both students and teachers to recognize and confirm the learning results from preparation and reviewing. TBL grows students' responsibility for themselves and their teams, and likely facilitates learning activities through peer assessment.

著者

嶋田 豊

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.3, pp.198-202, 2020 (Released:2020-03-01)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1

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従来から知られていた過剰服用による漢方薬の副作用に、甘草の偽アルドステロン症、麻黄の交感神経刺激作用、附子の神経麻痺作用、大黄の下痢などがある。一方、ここ三十年ほどの間に明らかになったものとして、免疫・アレルギー反応による間質性肺炎、肝機能障害、アレルギー性膀胱炎があり、特に黄芩との関連が指摘されている。さらに、山梔子の長期服用により腸間膜静脈硬化症が生ずることも知られてきており注意が必要である。

著者

川畑 伊知郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.10, pp.945, 2021 (Released:2021-10-01)

参考文献数

3

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近年,超高齢社会の到来によるパーキンソン病(Parkinson’s disease: PD)患者の増加が社会問題となっており,その発症メカニズムの研究も進んでいる.PDに見られる進行性の神経変性は,線維型αシヌクレインの脳内伝播に関連していると考えられている.αシヌクレインはシナプスの機能制御や神経の可塑性に関与すると推定されているが,凝集により神経毒性を発揮する.そのため,細胞外のαシヌクレインを除去することは,その伝播や凝集を抑制するための有力な方法となる可能性がある.本トピックスでは,最近報告されたアストロサイトによるαシヌクレインの新たな細胞内取込み制御と,その伝播との関連について紹介する.なお,本稿は下記の文献に基づいて,その研究成果を紹介するものである.1) Filippini A. et al., Glia, 69, 681-696(2021).2) Lindstrom V. et al., Mol. Cell Neurosci., 82, 143-156(2017).3) Kawahata I. et al., Biomed., 9, 49-62(2021).