著者

遠藤 誠作

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.169-183, 2015-03-31

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The times when population decreased began in Japan, and time to reconsider a method of the conventional sewer construction came. Because individual processing is effective in the area having low population density, I think about the maintenance that utilized a septic tank.

著者

森川 岳大

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.137-158, 2020-03-31

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This paper aims to contribute to the discussion of Japan's end-to-life policy by comparing the institutional framework concerning Advance Care Planning (ACP) and Advance Directive (AD) of elderly people. Upon making the comparative analysis, the paper concludes by making the following policy recommendation for Japan: (1) establishment of the death with dignity act; (2) improvement of decision-making system at the end of life; (3) development of information sharing system for advance directives.

著者

尾張 椋

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.281-291, 2019

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Not a few caregivers consider killing cared elderly persons, therefore, we should work out a countermeasure to that problem. Behind the killing of cared elderly, there is a Japanese traditional idea. Many family caregivers cannot take care leave. We need to make "Handbook for Family Caregivers", promote respite care, improve the image of care leave system to change the status quo. "Handbook for Family Caregivers" provides information of care. The respite care is a right to rest if you want. We need to change the image of the elderly care for more easily taking a care leave system.

著者

石井 吉春

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.3-19, 2019

著者

瀬川 高央

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, pp.97-121, 2007-03-31

著者

小野 純平 土井 翔平

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, pp.79-100, 2023-03-31

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In 2000, the Security Council of the United Nations adopted resolution 1325, “Women, Peace, and Security,” which explicitly puts women in the context of peace and security for the first time. Reflecting this trend in international society, the research on women and conflict are growing. In this article, we review the recent development in this field, focusing on empirical analysis of women and intrastate conflict. In particular, we found most of the research shed light on two topics: the participation of women and the protection of women.

著者

齋藤 梓 大竹 裕子

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.185-205, 2019

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Whether 'sex without consent' should constitute the legal definition of sexual violence instead of the 'assault or intimidation requirement' has been discussed extensively in Japan. Applying qualitative methods, we conducted thematic analysis on oral and written narratives of consensual and non-consensual sex obtained from 30 Japanese women. Findings suggest that non-consensual sex most typically happen through 'entrapment', referring to the process through which the perpetrator exploits an unequal power relation in everyday life and corners the victim into a situation where she cannot resist, escape, or express refusal.

著者

森田 朗

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.47-61, 2022-03-31

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In Japan, the public policy graduate school system as a professional graduate school was established in 2004. This graduate school system was created in conjunction with administrative, civil service system, and legal education reform. Many issues were considered during the process, such as the mission of the graduate school, educational content, and school organisation. Participating in this process, I think that in the turmoil of administrative and university reform, we were able to launch a public policy graduate school, which is nothing more than a small boat with hope, and I assume that it has been sailing smoothly since.

著者

中村 研一

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.23-45, 2022-03-31

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Robert A. Dahl and other political scientists have pointed out that Norwegian parliamentary government is one of the most stable democracies in the world. Storting, the supreme legislature of Norway, was established at the constituent assembly at Eidsvoll in 1814. The establishment of the Norwegian constitution was the most important legacy of 1814. This essay illustrates the reasons and the process by which the 112 representatives at Eidsvoll were able to establish the parliamentary democracy in 1814. The constitutional assembly of 1814 faced extraordinary challenges such as the final stage of the Napoleonic War and turmoil in the European political order. To constitute a new political order in Norway, the Norwegian representatives needed not only authority to legitimate themselves, but also power to guarantee their newly established political regime. Unfortunately, the most important players of the Norwegian democracy were neither equipped with adequate authority nor enough power. At this critical moment of change in Norwegian politics, two foreign players stood out -- Christian Frederik and Carl Johan, who competed with each other to gain control of the Norwegian Crown. Christian Frederik, Crown Prince of Denmark-Norway had the authority over Norwegian people and could initiate to establish the constituent assembly at Eidsvoll. Carl Johan, the former French marshal named Jean Baptiste Jules Bernadotte, was elected by Swedish parliament as heir to the Swedish throne. He had shown remarkable military skills and administrative capabilities. This essay notes the two historical factors, which contributed to establish the Norwegian parliamentary democracy. First, the synergy of the liberal nationalism of Norwegian representatives alongside the ambitious initiatives of Christian Frederik, and second the compromises between the Norwegian representatives and the cautious pragmatism of Carl Johan.

著者

神里 達博

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.13-27, 2020-03-31

著者

今野 晴貴 岩橋 誠 藤田 孝典

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

no.15, pp.19-47, 2021-03-31

著者

瀬川 高央

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.87-106, 2015-03-31

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The purpose of this article is to discuss participation in the SDI research by the Nakasone Administration. In 1985, the U.S. Department of Defense requested that it participate in the research of SDI for European countries and Japan. At first, West Europe and Japan showed a skeptic view about the realizability of SDI. However, the U.K. and West Germany concluded the agreement to participate in the SDI research that the United States initiated. To acquire the high technology that the United States developed, Japan also decided participation in the SDI research following the U.K. and West Germany. Japan was able to disclose the content of the agreement of the SDI research participation by doing the negotiation with the United States repeatedly. Moreover, a Japanese enterprise acquired use rights of the defense technology newly developed from the United States enterprise.

著者

山口 二郎

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.63-78, 2022-03-31

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Masao Maruyama, one of the founders of post-war Japanese political science, formulated the concept ‘systematised irresponsibility’ in his analysis of wartime Japanese fascism. This concept is evident in the policymaking process surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic. Japan marks the worst death rate among the countries in East Asia and Oceania. The outlook of the bureaucracy in charge can be summarised as follows. The officials have failed to establish the order of priority among policy goals. They planned pseudo solutions without objective or scientific evidence, and concealed facts regarding the pandemic to avoid criticism. The institutional reforms of the government in the 1990s added new characteristics to the irresponsibility; concentration of power in the administration enables irresponsible political leaders to pursue meaningless policy.

著者

佐々木 隆生

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, pp.81-114, 2011-03-31

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Japanese articulation of higher education with high school education has depended upon entrance examinations of each university. It is very particular compared with other industrialized countries. As younger population has been decreasing since 1992, selective powers of universities to applicants have declined. Japanese system of the articulation has faced a turning point, and must introduce a new test to evaluate level of general education in high school.

著者

鈴木 一人

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.3-12, 2020-03-31

著者

佐野 郁夫

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.55-80, 2014-05-30

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This study examines how and why high energy efficiency of Japanese industries was achieved, and why U.S.A. couldn’t as Japan, taking the steel industry as case examples, to find lessons for newly industrializing countries to construct low carbon industrial structure. The largest factor is the difference of modernization of facilities in 1960’s. In U.S.A., despite the market was growing, steel companies didn’t introduce new facilities and technologies, for fear of discounting battle. As another factor, in U.S.A., domestic natural gas was cheap even through oil crisis, therefore, byproduct gases recovery facilities are not pay in present technology level.

著者

望月 貴文

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.289-313, 2022-03-31

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The purpose of this study is to clarify the operational issues of support for settlement in Higashikawa Town by focusing on the “contents of support during the activities of the community-reactivating cooperator squad” of Higashikawa Town and comparing them with the contents of support during the activities of other municipalities that boast a high rate of resettlement, and to contribute to the improvement of the system in Higashikawa Town in the future.

著者

伊藤 敦 丹野 忠晋 櫻井 秀彦 奥村 貴史

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, pp.101-116, 2023-03-31

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Hokkaido faces challenges to the effective implementation of its healthcare infrastructure because of demographic factors such as negative population growth and an aging population, and economic factors, including financial difficulties faced by local governments. Regional healthcare networks have been built to overcome these problems and streamline healthcare delivery. However, the number of registered patients is only 1% of the total population. This study investigated the factors that cause the stagnation of the number of registered patients in the regional healthcare networks in Hokkaido. Our survey identified 46 networks in 21 medical regions. The average ratio of registered patients in Hokkaido was 4.1%, regional healthcare networks in the Sapporo area were dysfunctional. We estimated the factors influencing the ratio. The ratio of networked medical institutions in the region and the dummy variable for their business size were statistically significant for Hokkaido and for the secondary medical areas, excluding the Sapporo medical area. It follows that the number of registered patients in a network could be determined by the ratio of connected medical institutions and the size of their business. The problems could be overcome by exploiting the economy of scale in the networks. Establishing a prefecture-wide network would increase the number of registered patients and lower the overall cost of the networks.

著者

西村 淳

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.119-135, 2020-03-31

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In the study of the social security law the process of social service provision under the contract-based system has not been analyzed legally so far apart from the allocation system. This paper analyzes it and discovers ideal systems and rights by extracting relationship between social work, service and benefit, and administrative decision. The standard process of social work consists of 1) intake, 2) assessment, 3) contract, 4) planning, 5) implementation of plans, 6) monitoring and evaluation due to social welfare studies. This paper uses this framework and extracts the stage which has not been clearly indicated in the legislation, particularly social work. It is important to discuss the ideal systems and rights of social work which is wider than the mere planning and different from the service provision.

著者

厚海 洋幸

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.225-244, 2022-03-31

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There are large regional differences in the total fertility rate. In this paper, we analyzed the factors of regional differences in the total fertility rate for municipalities in Hokkaido. As a result, it was found that the municipalities are characterized by the factors of marriage and the fertility of the couple. Understanding the characteristics of municipalities through such analysis will promote measures against the declining birthrate and policy formation for regional revitalization. It is necessary to improve the system and environment for that purpose.