著者

瀬川 高央

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院 = Hokkaido University Public Policy School

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, pp.159-177, 2017-03-31

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During the 1980s, the peace movement and disarmament campaign were expanded in the Western and Eastern Europe. For example, the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND) in the Britain a grass root peace movement had influenced on the nuclear policy of the Thatcher Administration, which it mobilized 250,000 people in the U.S. air force base at Greenham Common in 1982. Most of such movements also opposed deployment of the SS-20 ballistic missiles equipped with nuclear warheads in Eastern Europe by the Soviet Union. However, a part of the peace movements also criticized only to nuclear deployment in Western Europe by the NATO countries. For instance, the World Peace Council (WPC) had insisted official support for Soviet's disarmament proposal and nuclear deterrence policy. Because they were directly controlled and/or sponsored by the International Department of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the KGB. This article is to consider the analysis of intelligence that relates to European peace movement and the Soviet's active measures that the U.S. intelligence community, and to prove reliability of the U.S. intelligence reports.

著者

森川 岳大

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.137-158, 2020-03-31

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This paper aims to contribute to the discussion of Japan's end-to-life policy by comparing the institutional framework concerning Advance Care Planning (ACP) and Advance Directive (AD) of elderly people. Upon making the comparative analysis, the paper concludes by making the following policy recommendation for Japan: (1) establishment of the death with dignity act; (2) improvement of decision-making system at the end of life; (3) development of information sharing system for advance directives.

著者

尾張 椋

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.281-291, 2019

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Not a few caregivers consider killing cared elderly persons, therefore, we should work out a countermeasure to that problem. Behind the killing of cared elderly, there is a Japanese traditional idea. Many family caregivers cannot take care leave. We need to make "Handbook for Family Caregivers", promote respite care, improve the image of care leave system to change the status quo. "Handbook for Family Caregivers" provides information of care. The respite care is a right to rest if you want. We need to change the image of the elderly care for more easily taking a care leave system.

著者

石井 吉春

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.3-19, 2019

著者

瀬川 高央

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, pp.97-121, 2007-03-31

著者

小野 純平 土井 翔平

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, pp.79-100, 2023-03-31

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In 2000, the Security Council of the United Nations adopted resolution 1325, “Women, Peace, and Security,” which explicitly puts women in the context of peace and security for the first time. Reflecting this trend in international society, the research on women and conflict are growing. In this article, we review the recent development in this field, focusing on empirical analysis of women and intrastate conflict. In particular, we found most of the research shed light on two topics: the participation of women and the protection of women.

著者

齋藤 梓 大竹 裕子

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.185-205, 2019

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Whether 'sex without consent' should constitute the legal definition of sexual violence instead of the 'assault or intimidation requirement' has been discussed extensively in Japan. Applying qualitative methods, we conducted thematic analysis on oral and written narratives of consensual and non-consensual sex obtained from 30 Japanese women. Findings suggest that non-consensual sex most typically happen through 'entrapment', referring to the process through which the perpetrator exploits an unequal power relation in everyday life and corners the victim into a situation where she cannot resist, escape, or express refusal.

著者

森田 朗

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.47-61, 2022-03-31

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In Japan, the public policy graduate school system as a professional graduate school was established in 2004. This graduate school system was created in conjunction with administrative, civil service system, and legal education reform. Many issues were considered during the process, such as the mission of the graduate school, educational content, and school organisation. Participating in this process, I think that in the turmoil of administrative and university reform, we were able to launch a public policy graduate school, which is nothing more than a small boat with hope, and I assume that it has been sailing smoothly since.

著者

中村 研一

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.23-45, 2022-03-31

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Robert A. Dahl and other political scientists have pointed out that Norwegian parliamentary government is one of the most stable democracies in the world. Storting, the supreme legislature of Norway, was established at the constituent assembly at Eidsvoll in 1814. The establishment of the Norwegian constitution was the most important legacy of 1814. This essay illustrates the reasons and the process by which the 112 representatives at Eidsvoll were able to establish the parliamentary democracy in 1814. The constitutional assembly of 1814 faced extraordinary challenges such as the final stage of the Napoleonic War and turmoil in the European political order. To constitute a new political order in Norway, the Norwegian representatives needed not only authority to legitimate themselves, but also power to guarantee their newly established political regime. Unfortunately, the most important players of the Norwegian democracy were neither equipped with adequate authority nor enough power. At this critical moment of change in Norwegian politics, two foreign players stood out -- Christian Frederik and Carl Johan, who competed with each other to gain control of the Norwegian Crown. Christian Frederik, Crown Prince of Denmark-Norway had the authority over Norwegian people and could initiate to establish the constituent assembly at Eidsvoll. Carl Johan, the former French marshal named Jean Baptiste Jules Bernadotte, was elected by Swedish parliament as heir to the Swedish throne. He had shown remarkable military skills and administrative capabilities. This essay notes the two historical factors, which contributed to establish the Norwegian parliamentary democracy. First, the synergy of the liberal nationalism of Norwegian representatives alongside the ambitious initiatives of Christian Frederik, and second the compromises between the Norwegian representatives and the cautious pragmatism of Carl Johan.

著者

西村 淳

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院 = Hokkaido University Public Policy School

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, pp.77-96, 2017-03-31

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Recently in the diversification of entities and types of social welfare services and the transition of the basic structure of services from placement to contract, it is required to construct integrated community care system in which local residents participate in the community services. This paper explores the issue of community care normatively by focusing on the public responsibility under these changes. More specifically, the paper first, reviews the theories of the relationship between the state and civil society, second, demonstrates social welfare systems as a public responsibility of support for social participation, and third, surveys the Japanese history of social welfare systems by focusing on three forms of participation in the social welfare.

著者

神里 達博

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.13-27, 2020-03-31

著者

今野 晴貴 岩橋 誠 藤田 孝典

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

no.15, pp.19-47, 2021-03-31

著者

若生 幸也

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院 = Hokkaido University Public Policy School

雑誌

年報公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

no.7, pp.255-273, 2013

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This paper focuses on the special zones system for structural reform. The special zonessystem for structural reform receives a proposal from local governments and the private sector.This system is to increase the menu of regulatory reform. In addition, the application forcertification from the local government is to achieve region-specific regulatory reform.The number of proposals is decreasing. The rate of adoption is declining faster than that ofproposal. Compared with application proposals, low legal force measures have a higherprevalence of adoption. Therefore, the special zones system for structural reform has littleimpact on overall regulatory reform. This paper outlines solutions for this problem.

著者

山口 二郎

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.63-78, 2022-03-31

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Masao Maruyama, one of the founders of post-war Japanese political science, formulated the concept ‘systematised irresponsibility’ in his analysis of wartime Japanese fascism. This concept is evident in the policymaking process surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic. Japan marks the worst death rate among the countries in East Asia and Oceania. The outlook of the bureaucracy in charge can be summarised as follows. The officials have failed to establish the order of priority among policy goals. They planned pseudo solutions without objective or scientific evidence, and concealed facts regarding the pandemic to avoid criticism. The institutional reforms of the government in the 1990s added new characteristics to the irresponsibility; concentration of power in the administration enables irresponsible political leaders to pursue meaningless policy.

著者

佐々木 隆生

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, pp.81-114, 2011-03-31

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Japanese articulation of higher education with high school education has depended upon entrance examinations of each university. It is very particular compared with other industrialized countries. As younger population has been decreasing since 1992, selective powers of universities to applicants have declined. Japanese system of the articulation has faced a turning point, and must introduce a new test to evaluate level of general education in high school.

著者

西山 裕

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院 = Hokkaido University Public Policy School

雑誌

年報公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

no.10, pp.187-212, 2016

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In Japan, there is a type of welfare providers who can give services to disabled persons and children on a voluntary basis, in addition to elderly people. This is called a "symbiotic welfare service" system. This study is intended to present a comprehensive policy analysis about the trend and features of subsidies provided by prefectural governments to the symbiotic welfare services as well as to clarify the direction and guideline for community-based welfare policies conducted by prefectures. The results of this policy analysis are summarized as follows: The symbiotic welfare service system has the advantage of addressing various welfare needs in each region, since it includes both legally provided services and voluntary services. More and more prefectural governments, noting this advantage, have started to give subsidies to the symbiotic welfare services since 2000, which has resulted in a dramatic increase in number of providers of the symbiotic welfare services as well as in diversification of services. In addition, the symbiotic welfare service providers are regarded as ideal partners in the integrated community care system which is currently built by the central government, and is able to develop this system effectively for not only the elderly people but also all people who need social service. Prefectural governments should support the symbiotic service providers from now on.

著者

鈴木 一人

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.3-12, 2020-03-31

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院 = Hokkaido University Public Policy School

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, pp.31-48, 2016-03-31

著者

生沼 裕

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院 = Hokkaido University Public Policy School

雑誌

年報公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

no.7, pp.211-238, 2013

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For the purpose of evaluating the basic ordinances of local assemblies that have increasednationwide, this paper will compare the texts of the ordinances and analyze them, and examinewhether matters prescribed by the ordinances were really executed with 18 basic ordinances oflocal assemblies in Hokkaido as case studies.The results confirm that there were some differences in the contents prescribed by theordinances, and there were several cases that were not executed even though the ordinancesincluded the regulations that were the grounds for such.

著者

鈴木 一人

出版者

北海道大学公共政策大学院 = Hokkaido University Public Policy School

雑誌

年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.139-158, 2012-03-30

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This article discusses the chronological development of EU's energy security policy and its problems. Because energy security is primarily a responsibility of national governments, the European Union (European Commission in particular) was not able to formulate unified energy policy. But at the same time, due to the lack of natural energy resources, EU member states needed to cooperate in order to increase bargaining power against energy rich regions such as Middle East or Russia. The problem of international negotiation became clear when Russia and Ukraine increased the political tension, and in order to secure supply of natural gas from Russia, EU launched the discussion with Green Paper which resulted the first comprehensive energy policy in 2007. Furthermore, the "Energy 2020", a new policy document suggested the necessity for EU to influence the process of rules- and standard-making to secure the free trade environment for energy resources. However, the division of competence between member states and EU still make it difficult to formulate comprehensive energy policy. Furthermore, dynamic change of international environment such as "Arab Spring" and Russo-Ukraine conflict, and different reactions and interests of member states complicated the EU strategy for energy rich regions. This structural contradiction of EU's energy security policy implies that EU may not be hegemonic power in international arena, but their role as a giant consumer of energy would have a power to shape international energy market.