著者

市原 攝子

出版者

北海道大学大学院国際広報メディア・観光学院

雑誌

国際広報メディア・観光学ジャーナル

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, pp.3-19, 2016-09-30

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Soon after two cervical cancer vaccines were introduced in 2009 in Japan, their severe adverse drug reactions (ADR) were recognized, which put the vaccines' safety and efficacy in question. Using the concept of Ulrich Beck's ‘individualization’, this paper examines the decision-making process of those who chose these vaccines and suffered from severe ADR. It also looks at how they took responsibility for their choices, revealing the fact that the sufferers of ADR were surrounded by aggressive marketing campaigns and vaccine support organizations, economic measures such as free inoculations, and the powerful effects of intermediate groups (school, family, local community and so on). This paper argues that the choice of these vaccines showed that individualization in Japan is uneven because of a gap between subjective individualization and objective individualization, which makes individual decision making difficult.

著者

玄 武岩

出版者

北海道大学大学院国際広報メディア・観光学院

雑誌

国際広報メディア・観光学ジャーナル

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, pp.25-47, 2014-03-18

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This paper examines the transnational space of popular culture and cultural identities in Korea that formed in the process of the public acceptance of Japanese Animation (Anime), one of few fields officially allowed in the postwar period during which Japanese popular culture was forbidden. Particularly, in analyzing anime-songs aired in Korea between the 1960s and the 2000s and in observing the process of their historical evolvement, critical points for arguing the flow of popular culture between Japan and Korea as it relates to media culture and identity emerge. The research first reconstitutes the cultural relationship between postwar Japan and Korea, as reflected in the acceptance of Anime and historic changes in South Korean identities in the above period, according to the ideal type “Anime-Song Community.” Then, the research employs a comprehensive approach incorporating diverse perspectives of industrial and historical content flow, consumption, and identity to examine the way in which media practice constitutes that field. By thus considering from an overall perspective what kind of socio-cultural dynamics are revealed through changes in the style of acceptance of “Anime-Songs” shared between both countries, we should be able to comprehend the transition of cultural identity amidst young Korean generations.

著者

堀田 真紀子

出版者

北海道大学大学院国際広報メディア・観光学院

雑誌

国際広報メディア・観光学ジャーナル

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.3-27, 2009-03-25

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In the post-industrial world creativity becomes more and more important: Richard Florida points out the dawn of the "creative economy"; furthermore, Joseph Pine II and James Gilmore point out that every business should be as original as a drama, if it wants to avoid being involved in a price competition. Do all these mean that the idea of an avant-garde artist, "Everyone is an artist," has in twenty years finally been realized in the practical world such as in economy and management? In this interdisciplinary study I try to answer this question, which also contributes to reevaluation and actualization of Beuys' thought. The focus of the matter is his definition of creativity as a liberating force which encourages us to determine ourselves and codetermine the society. Based on this definition "creative economy" can't to be truly creative as long as profit making incentive on the managing side has more priority than the pursuit of quality and self-realization of the workers.

著者

朱 迪

出版者

北海道大学大学院国際広報メディア・観光学院

雑誌

国際広報メディア・観光学ジャーナル

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, pp.21-38, 2022-11-17

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This paper discussed the triangular relationship between mass media, power of authorities, and the audience. After summarizing the concepts of the above three, this paper attempted to analyze these three actors' power structures and build a convincing theoretical framework. This paper mainly adopted Niklas Luhmann's viewpoint of power communication as a theoretical foundation, since it provided a unique perspective to understand the essence of power. Subsequently, this paper divided the power structure into six directions to explain how the power relations work between these three actors. The theoretical results obtained in this paper are expected to contribute to future case studies.

著者

堀田 真紀子

出版者

北海道大学大学院国際広報メディア・観光学院

雑誌

国際広報メディア・観光学ジャーナル

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, pp.27-106, 2013-10-25

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Nowtopians are inventors and improvisational spirits who bring an artistic approach to important tasks that are ignored or undervalued by market society. Their exploration of work locates an important thread of self-emancipatory class politics beyond the traditional arena of wage-labor in capitalism.

著者

阪田 麻紀

出版者

北海道大学大学院国際広報メディア・観光学院

雑誌

国際広報メディア・観光学ジャーナル

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, pp.3-21, 2021-04-22

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Narcotic opioids, which have been prescribed as painkillers, have become so prevalent across the U.S. that today deaths from their abuse surpass traffic deaths. In 2017, President Donald Trump declared a public health emergency as the “opioid crisis” over the spike in deaths from opioid abuse, including overdose. This issue has developed into a major social problem since the 1990s due to a combination of factors. In this paper, the author analyzes the development of the opioid abuse epidemic in the U.S. — how it broke out, expanded, was responded to, re-expanded and was eventually recognized as a national crisis — using a risk colonization framework based on societal and institutional risks. The paper aims to understand the process of expansion and its contributing factors in a more objective and comparable way.

著者

金山 準

出版者

北海道大学大学院国際広報メディア・観光学院

雑誌

国際広報メディア・観光学ジャーナル

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.25-44, 2009-09-01

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The aim of this article is to reconsider the relation between bios (the cultural and social life) and zoe (the biological life), dealing with the political thoughts of Antonio Gramsci. As is well known, his major interest is the cultural power ruling in the civil society. The notion of "hegemony" has had a great influence over the social sciences of the 20th century. But he also devotes a large part of the Prison Notebooks to researching the changes of the biological life in the industrial society (drinking, sexual instinct, etc.). I will reexamine the relation between these two major regions of his thoughts as a form of "individualization".

著者

江口 豊

出版者

北海道大学大学院国際広報メディア・観光学院

雑誌

国際広報メディア・観光学ジャーナル

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, pp.111-128, 2018-09-30

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Gutenberg's invention of printing produced not only printed books, but also other forms of print, such as the street literature. Particularly broadsheets, printed mainly in several free cities of Nurnberg, Augsburg, Strasbourg, Frankfurt and so on, reported various political, economic and social events. These sorts of print are named “Neue Zeitungen” (news reports/news). Some researchers consider them as one origin of the newspaper. Certainly the “Neue Zeitungen” possessed features such as actuality and continuity, but not periodicity. The 16th and the 17th Century witnessed the flowering of illustrated broadsheets in the Holy Roman Empire, later to be exported to England and France. Broadsheets acquired a wide range of social groups as their audience because of their low price, the engraving technology, and the phenomenon of traveling dealers. Anonymous production and sales networks permitted occasionally prohibited subject matter and made the broadsheets attractive as a print medium. This arrangement is reminiscent of that of the yellow journalism in contrast to so-called quality papers. Concision of text in the broadsheets and their quick production could also be compared to “twitter” in the internet era.

著者

田中 勲

出版者

北海道大学大学院国際広報メディア・観光学院

雑誌

国際広報メディア・観光学ジャーナル

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, pp.55-72, 2022-11-17

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Twenty-six years have passed since the drafting of the bill to introduce the selective married couple surname system, but there is still no consensus on its introduction. In order to explore the reasons for this lack of consensus in the debate, this paper uses the theory of deliberative systems to analyze and evaluate the discourse of media, citizens, political parties, judiciary, and administrative sites. As a result, it emerged that besides partisan conflict, the structure of the debate and the fact that it is a minority issue maybe the impediments to consensus on the selective married couple surname system.

著者

邱 慧鳴

出版者

北海道大学大学院国際広報メディア・観光学院

雑誌

国際広報メディア・観光学ジャーナル

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, pp.177-194, 2014-03-18

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Chuan Yue Xiao Shuo appeared in Chinesewebsite in the late of 1990’s as a popular fun fiction on the internet, which described how modern women go back to the ancient times and search for their truelove. It’s a genre of online novels, the nature of which always confusing our minds. By reading the categorization of chuan yue xiao shuo, we can make clear the way of the creative writing process of online novels. Furthermore, it also helps us to find out the answer to the question̶how internet has changed narrative?

著者

高橋 道子

出版者

北海道大学大学院国際広報メディア・観光学院

雑誌

国際広報メディア・観光学ジャーナル

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.113-134, 2008-03-21

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Nowadays civil society in Japan is in the midst of a great transformation at a time when 'publicness', which used to belong to the authorities, should now involve those whom are concerned with administrative and fiscal reforms. Consequently, people in local communities have growing commitments to participate in policymaking directly, in a so-called 'partnership'. Furthermore, there is a growing interest in how the authorities should reform their environmental, welfare, and urban development policies at the regional level. It is certain that decision-making should depend on how well the residents of the local district facilitate consensus-building efforts among themselves. Prior to accomplishing agreement, mutual understanding is called for by means of communication in the local community. This is the reason why I discuss the theoretical possibilities of the Chonaikai (neighborhood association) within the framework of civil public sphere (Harbermas 1973), that is described as a communication space in order to present an ideal model of the Chonaikai. I argue that the ideal model should be considered as a voluntary association, in which the people establish agendas relevant to self-evident 'living', some of which might result in the raising of political issues in civil society by means of intersubjective communication.

著者

平 侑子 張 慶在

出版者

北海道大学大学院国際広報メディア・観光学院

雑誌

国際広報メディア・観光学ジャーナル

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, pp.49-68, 2014-03-18

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The aim of this paper is to clarify mechanisms of TV programs’ “Cross-border” by classifying patterns of “modification”. Recently, Japanese Comics, games and TV dramas are crossing the border to different countries. When programs are cross-border, various factors are modified because of political, religion and cultural reasons. To understand such changes would be meaningful not only to understand exchanging TV programs but also to understand mechanisms of cross-border culture. This paper focuses on adoption process of Japanese TV series of “Super-sentai series” in Korea. First, significances and limitations of concept around cross-border of TV programs were reviewed. Then, this paper analyzes the characteristics of Super-sentai series to extract significant elements of it. And then, this paper summarizes brief history of adopting “Super-sentai series” in Korea. Finally, the paper clarifies mechanisms of “cross-border” by various model of adoption including “Power ranger Captain Force show”

著者

村部 貴浩

出版者

北海道大学大学院国際広報メディア・観光学院

雑誌

国際広報メディア・観光学ジャーナル

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, pp.21-36, 2019-10-24

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Fukuda Tsueari has been perceived to be one of the leading post-war conservative thinkers in Japan. However, he also placed more emphasis on the importance of an individual in nation and society in contrast to other conservative thinkers in the country. In this article, I focus on some aspects of his emphasis on the importance of an individual, which has not been yet explored in previous research. I mainly discuss Fukuda’s critical paper on Shimizu Ikutaro, “Critique of a modern Japanese intellectual, Shimizu Ikutaro”, who published a paper “The choice of nucleus, Japan be a nation”, in 1980, which indicates his turn to a rightest nationalism from liberalism in his political thoughts. This article examines Fukuda’s perception of individualism which is revealed in his critical work on Shimizu.

著者

土田 映子

出版者

北海道大学大学院国際広報メディア・観光学院

雑誌

国際広報メディア・観光学ジャーナル

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, pp.13-25, 2013-10-25

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This paper examines how the ideology of technological utopianism was represented in Chicago's Century of Progress Exposition (1933-34), and how much and in what ways the city's immigrant groups that took part in the fair were involved in the fair's predominant ideology that celebrated technological progress. At the fair, the diverse national groups competed against each other in the displays of their contributions to America and their achievements in technology. While Western nations generally had something to boast about their technological achievements, non- Western nations mostly lacked them, and instead resorted to the displays of traditional culture and exoticism. For visitors to the fair, this dichotomy may have offered a world view that divided nations into those that were deemed capable of using the power of technology in order to work toward a perfect society, and those left out from that process.

著者

徐 善水

出版者

北海道大学大学院国際広報メディア・観光学院

雑誌

国際広報メディア・観光学ジャーナル

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, pp.39-56, 2017-10-25

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Currently, numerous studies on Japanese prewar media events were merely focused on the perspectives of cultural and media management, rather than its propaganda function. However, propaganda function of Japanese prewar media events is not hard to be observed on the Japanese prewar event phenomena, for instance, the New Eight Views of Japan selection event held in 1927 (Showa 2 year) is a typically representative case. Combined with its historical background, based on the analysis on reports of media events from its host organizations (newspaper offices) at that time, in this paper, the propaganda function of media events during the Japanese prewar period has been confirmed and the study viewpoint in the relationship between media events and political propaganda has been extended to the Japanese prewar period.

著者

斉藤 巧弥

出版者

北海道大学大学院国際広報メディア・観光学院

雑誌

国際広報メディア・観光学ジャーナル

巻号頁・発行日

no.29, pp.37-53, 2019-10-24

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The purpose of this paper is to analyze the characteristics of love stories in gay manga and to discuss the identity of gay men in today' s Japan. Since gay manga are created by and for gay men, they can be regarded as representing and constructing a gay identity which reflects their authors' and consumers' real desires and concerns. Focusing on love stories, which have long been the main theme of gay manga, the analysis shows that stories before the 1990s and after the 2000s differ in the contents and causes of gay men' s suffering, their depiction of the heteronormative society, and the types of communities they are located in. Recent works do not deal with heteronormative society and instead reveal gay men' s ambivalent feeling with belonging to and keeping distance from the gay community.

著者

白崎 弘泰

出版者

北海道大学大学院国際広報メディア・観光学院

雑誌

国際広報メディア・観光学ジャーナル

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, pp.39-59, 2020-12-17

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The number of foreign workers in japan is increasing. Among all, there is such a remarkable increase in technical intern that the Japanese economic activity could not be sustained as what it is today without them. Now smartphone is an essential tools for their life in Japan, not only to communicate, but also togather, exchange, and spread information in a daily life. Nevertheless, now there is a problem where their employers prohibit them from owning or using their smartphone. This paper reveals details about the ownership and usage of smartphone of technical intern, and we claims that smartphone works to relieve their anxiety , and accuse fraud of the owners.

著者

鍋島 孝子

出版者

北海道大学大学院国際広報メディア・観光学院

雑誌

国際広報メディア・観光学ジャーナル

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.23-41, 2008-03-21

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This article is aimed at theorizing about “African civil society”. This is a wider concept than European one leaded by “rational” citizen who understands capitalism and Nation-State. African traditional society was rural and cultural. But it historically changed and was divided into social classes, elite-mass and sub-nationalistic or ethnic groups. Though the civil society has a relationship with Nation-State, African one has little connection with it. Since 2001, global civil movements WSF (World Social Forum) are remarkably against Neo-liberalism and for democracy and peace. Can African civil society participate in these global movements? Can it resolve African problems, civil wars, poverties, refugees, diseases, environment disruptions, etc., through the civil networks? These are difficult questions because of distance between fluid or divided societies and Nation-State in Africa. This distance, which occurred during the modernization, prevents Africa from going over the marginalization caused by globalization.

著者

Thomson Robert Ito Naoya

出版者

北海道大学大学院国際広報メディア・観光学院

雑誌

国際広報メディア・観光学ジャーナル

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.3-22, 2012-03-15

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Previous studies have shown clear cultural differences in how Japanese and American social network site (SNS) users interract with differing SNS platforms (see Barker and Ota, 2011; Fogg and Iizawa, 2008; Takahashi, 2010). In this study of 131 Japanese SNS users who use both Facebook and Mixi, self-disclosure, numbers of contacts, in-group numbers, and levels of perceived commitment on Mixi and Facebook were measured. The study found that such users showed a lower level of self-disclosure, connected with fewer people and had fewer categories of contacts, and felt a higher degree of commitment on Mixi than on Facebook. It is suggested that these differences stem from differing responses to percieved relational mobility on each platform; Mixi being a socioecological environment which reflects low-relationally mobile Japanese society, and Facebook being a socioecological environment which reflects high relationally mobile North American social environments. (141/150)

著者

江口 豊

出版者

北海道大学大学院国際広報メディア・観光学院

雑誌

国際広報メディア・観光学ジャーナル

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, pp.3-12, 2013-10-25

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The year 1609 marks the emergence of the newspaper in Europe with the publication of Relation in Strasbourg and Aviso in Wolfenbüttel. The expansion of the periodical information paper brought enormous ideological change to the European society in the age of the Enlightenment, laying the foundation for the social and political upheavals of the modern era. In Switzerland with Zurich as its cultural centre, newspapers began to be published 1621 at first on a weekly basis, and then became daily publications. This dramatically affected the flow of information within society, and made ideas and facts more permanent and easily accessible in the public domain in Switzerland. In Zurich, one of the representative newspapers was the Neue Zürcher Zeitung, which was founded in 1780 and continues to be in circulation until this day. This newspaper is one of only about 40 papers in the world today to still be in circulation after a tradition of more than 200 years of publication and is counted as a quality paper for intellectuals in spite of its small circulation numbers. In this paper, focus will be placed on discussing the history of Swiss and German newspapers as, to date, little research has been conducted on the historical development of these newspapers, especially in comparison to their English counterparts. Such a discussion is vital to better understand the impact of such media on society in Europe and could lead to the possibility of future comparative research on the influence of different information flows in media history in European countries.