著者

Usmanova Larisa

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

北東アジア研究 (ISSN:13463810)

巻号頁・発行日

no.10, pp.45-66, 2006-01

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The paper focuses on the migration of Russian Turk-Tatars (Idel-Ural Tatars) to the Northeast Asia from 1898 up to the 1950^<th>. It is one of rare attempts to make a historical review based on sociological concepts for one of the large non-Russian speaking national part of Russian emigre Diaspora in this region. The paper presents an up-to-date account of migration based on a review of Tatar-language magazines and newspaper that has been publishing during the pre-war period by Turk-Tatars emigrants in the Eastern Asia and Europe, especially Milli Bairak (1935-1945, Mukden), Yana Yapon Mohbiri (1933-1938, Tokyo), Yana Milli Yol (1929-1939, Berlin). The author argues that "Turk-Tatar Diaspora" is preferable definition comparing with others. She presents five historical migration periods of Turk-Tatars' presence in the Eastern Asia: in the first period (from 1898 up to the 1917) the migration of Turk-Tatars from Russian Empire into the Eastern Asia started, the second period (from 1917 up to 1933) characterized by flow of immigrants escaping Russian civil war and Soviet regime, the third period (from 1933 up to 1939) has shown a raising of nationalism among Turk-Tatars, during the forth period (from 1939 up to August of 1945) Turk-Tatar Diaspora has been weakening and during last period (from September of 19459 up to 1960) it has been disappearing. The author shows how their identity shifts provoked the community evolution from a Muslim community (mahallya) into a national society with a distinct political goal, that latter being recovery of national statehood together with retention of Islamic origin of spiritual life. In contrast to standard interpretations, she concludes that Turk-Tatar Diaspora Muslim community had influenced on development of Islam in this region. This paper is based on unpublished materials, including ones from Russian Federation Federal Security Agency Archive, The National Library and The National Archive Republic of Tatarstan, the Hamilton Library of the University of Hawaii, The Library of Japanese congress, the Archive of Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Japanese, Russian, German universities and libraries and private archives of Tatar Diaspora representatives.

著者

貴志 俊彦

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

北東アジア研究 (ISSN:13463810)

巻号頁・発行日

no.1, pp.245-268, 2001-03

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I Under the Circumstances Leading up to the Foundation of NCTT : The Telecommunications Problems of the East Hebei District and Hebei-Chahar District before and after the Lukouqiao Incident II The Trend of NCTT under the East Asian Telecommunication Block System III The Reorganization of NCTT on the Final War System This article is a basic research for summing up the East Asian media history in the former century and establishing the historical viewpoints to foresee the forthcoming multimedia society in the 21st century. From the viewpoint of the political cultural media history, I argue various topics about NCTT, which was established in Aug. 1938 and was famous as the nonpolitical telecommunication company in North China. Fortunately, there are 2, 256 volumes of documents about NCTT written in Japanese at the 2nd Historical Archives (Nanjing). So we can research the wartime telecommunication block and control system by using them. Before the Chinese-Japanese War, Manchuria Telegraph & Telephone Co. (MTT) took advantage of the agreement to reform the telecommunication system with the Autonomous Committee in East Hebei and got the opportunity for invading beyond the Great Wall. After Lukouqiao Incident, MTT established telecommunication bureaus at Tianjin and Beijing and began to control the telecommunication system of major cities in North China area. But NCTT encountered many difficulties, which Japan's North China Garrison Army compelled it to undertake. And it had to manage its own business under the contradictory control between MTT, which was looking forward to construct the second Manchuria Kingdom, and Japanese Ministry of Telecommunication (JMT), which was seeking to extend the Japanese Style System. And to oppose against Chongqing Nationalist Government and the Chinese Communist Party, NCTT had to develop original and applicable technologies (ex. nonloaded cable, a Japanese telegraph code, and so on) and to seek "Enclosed Innovation" under East Asian Telecommunication Block Regime. In April 1941, NCTT was attempting to integrate and coordinate the East Asian Telegraph Telephone System, which included North China, Manchuria, Mongol, and Central China. This new system would mean that the JMT leading Japanese system would came to include the networks of North China and Central China. NCTT's Organization was changed into decentralized Local General Bureaus at Beijing, Tianjin, Qingdao, Jinan, Taiyuan, and Xuzhou. In December 1941, as the Asia-Pacific War broken out, North China and Central China came to be important regions as military base for entering the South area. As the System moved to a wartime structure, rising prices and the lack of materials had serious impact on NCTT. In January 1942, according to the Telecommunication Business Agreement of East Asia Mutual Prosperity Bloc, a new mutual aid system was introduced to an integrated structure within the area of Japanese Imperial domination. But in fact, this united structure had many systematic problems. In January 1943, the Nationalist Government decided to join World War II , the managing condition of NCTT became tense. In 1944, the telecommunication functions were gradually paralyzed, so by 1945, NCTT could no longer manage them at all. On the other hand, in 1941, after the Nationwide Telecommunication Conference, the Nationalist Government was set to reform the domestic long-distant telephone network. And by using wireless networks, it could escape deviating from worldwide telecommunication networks. The contrast between these strategies and the visions of NCTT was remarkable.

著者

朴 容寛

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

総合政策論叢 (ISSN:13463829)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, pp.27-45, 2002-03-25

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There are differences of culture between Japan and Korea, in spite of many similarities as neighboring nations sharing a sea in common. The purpose of this paper is to clarify cultural differences of the two countries through a comparative analysis of their national stories, namely, Chushingura in Japan and Shunkoden in Korea, and consequently to contribute to the mutual understanding and friendlier relationship between the two countries. The author found the scene of Chushingura was the Edo Period and that of Shunkoden the Chosen Dynasty. It can be said that the culture of kashikomaru was formed in the Edo Period which was characterized with militaristic ascendancy but the culture of kashikogaru was formed in the Chosen Dynasty which was characterized as the age of sonbi, a literary person. Followings are several aspects of the cultures of Japan and Korea seen from the perspective of kashikomaru and kashikogaru. First, passive voice expressions are popular in Japan, but active voice expressions are popular in Korea. Second, "ganbare" is popular in Japan, but "kuenchana" is in Korea. "Ganbaru" is used to describe an effort to do one's best to accomplish a task given by awe-inspiring gods, great authoritative figures, or lords. "Kuenchana" is used to encourage and cheer up a boastful Korean when he loses his self-confidence or suffers a defeat. Third, Japanese developed the culture of reservation and Koreans the culture of self-praise, because Japanese warriors, who carry swords with themselves, are in peril of losing their life if they should hurt others' feelings, but Koreans, who are encouraged to be literate, are not even if they speak ill of others and quarrel with others. Fourth, loyalty to his master is important in the samurai society where one's life was at a stake for a warrior without special abilities, but cause is valued in Korea. Fifth, the power of the sword is practiced in Japan and the power of the pen in Korea, which are suggested by the subjects of the stories, namely, samurai in Chushingura and sonbi in Shunkoden. Sixth, the beauty of death is emphasized in Japan, but that of life in Korea. The author believe that mutual understanding by respecting cultural differences is more important to establish friendlier relationship between Japan and Korea than to point out similarities of them. It is necessary to see both countries from plural perspectives in order for people to gain better knowledge about others.

著者

井上 厚史

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

北東アジア研究 (ISSN:13463810)

巻号頁・発行日

no.10, pp.67-93, 2006-01

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The history of Korean Confucianism usually reminds us of complicated schools and severe struggles among them. These make us difficult to grasp the total characteristic of that. Especially there are few number of Japanese researchers who have interest in the suddern change of Korean Confucianism in modern era into being religious and also few number of papers which have treated this phenomenon. Korean Confucianism seems to be deeply concerned not to logic but to mind, which is different from Chinese and Japanese Confucianism. Historically the most important matter in Korean Confucianism is a 'mind study' (心学) indispensable to think of the meaning of life. This paper analyzed the genealogical transition of the 'mind study' in Korean Confucianism since 16^<th> century to 19^<th> century, namely from Lee Toe Gye ;李退溪, Lee Song Ho ;李星湖, Chong Yag Yong: 丁若〓and Choi Che Oo ;崔済愚. These famous Korean Confucians of different schools have common interest in mind ;心in their interpretation of Confucian classics. Korea had to generate her own modern identity against Western Impact and Japanese invasion in modern era. Under this situation Korean Confucians rediscover the long tradition of 'mind study'. They managed to create a Korean modern identity through the reexamination of traditional mind study to overcome Western civilization including that of Japan. This big challenge in the world of Korean Confucianism made the Korean Confucianism a very religious one.

著者

スゴメドフ A. K. 伏田 寛範

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

北東アジア研究 (ISSN:13463810)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.45-68, 2005-01

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This paper is important in many ways and is strongly relevant to contemporary policy issues. On the threshold of 21-st Century the Caspian became a hot crossroad in terms of pipelines and the new cargo-transportation routes. The Caspian Basin earned the title of the energy treasure-trove of the twenty-first century. The leading American research centers look at them as an extension of the oil field of Iran and the Middle East in general. Experts of the Nixon Center for Peace and Freedom describes the area between the mouth of the Volga and Oman "The Strategic Energy Ellipse". In addition, the North-South transportation corridor is one of the largest and most strategically important investment projects involving Russia's active participation. This situation is raising extremely important problem for modern Eurasia: perspectives Caspian region in context of development security for pipelines and transit corridors. But these aspects have been largely ignored hitherto. The originality of the proposed study is following. Most international discussion of oil-pipeline and communication politics focus on the macro-politics of the process: the pattern of international relations and alliances that states enter into as part of their development strategy. Such approaches, while necessary of course, tend to overstate the homogeneity and rationality of the state as a political actor. My research will turn attention to the Meso- and Micro-politics of the process: the interregional, domestic and local political and economic maneuvering that accompanies and shapes the drawing up of pipeline projects and their actual construction and operation. So, I'm using "Mega-, Meso- and Micro-region" conceptual framework within which different political forces and incentives is address policy issues. A general context of study-long-term globalization and regionalization in Eurasia. Using this method I suggest an innovative analytical element in my article. Within this approach I'm involving a Global, Regional and Local kinds of political motives regarding the Caspian pipelines at the end 1990-s and the beginning of 21st Century. This levels represents different political interests and egoisms, social expectations and responsibilities. Thus, I scrutinize this political incentives and motives on roulette principle by unfolding all levels: from the Local to the Global. As a result currently there is no single "Great Game" in Caspian area, but a set of "games", which is consists the interests and aspirations of the main geopolitical, regional powers and the local communities as well as business-actors. This analytical approach would suggest a new imaginative perspective to area studies in general which are in blind alley (See "Slavic Research Center News". Annual Newsletter of the Slavic Research Center. Sapporo. Hokkaido University. No.11. December 2003). This paper is base on firsthand materials and studies the policy of the Russian regions along the Caspian area. My paper to date involved personnel interviews, sociological surveys, local press and documents of the Protocol Departments of regional administrations and local self-administered groups. This included interviewing members of the local administrative, representative and business entities (city and regional heads of administration and their deputies and department heads ; chairs of committees of the regional and city assemblies ; and directors and other senior staff of large enterprises) about the coverage of local policymaking, together with the objectives of it and the perceived pressure on it. Today is clear that Caspian region turned into a geopolitical apple of discord where interests of many states clash. Although there are common challenges and common patterns across the whole region such as terrorism, at present the Caspian region does not constitute a unified and homogenous whole.

著者

諏訪 淳一郎

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

総合政策論叢 (ISSN:13463829)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, pp.47-60, 2002-03-25

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A popular form of Iwami kagura in the Seki-ou district of Shimane Prefecture is known as hatchoshi. This form has been given relatively minor attention because of its secular performative format. By contrast to the rokuchoshi kagura in the mountain region of old Iwami region, which still has religious significance of evocating trance, hatchoshi has attracted audiences at supermarkets, for instance, with decorative costumes, dramatic settings and fast beat of the taiko drum. This article discusses an example from an institution for the mentally disabled located in Kanagi Town, south of Hamada. The welfare institution, Iwami Fukushikai, has a very active club to perform hatchoshi with help from volunteer; it also manages workshops of costumes, masks, and other instrument for kagura groups on demand. In the core of the kagura-related activity of Iwami Fukushikai, there is a flexibility of the hatchoshi tradition. Although it may sound contradictory, hatchoshi was initially invented as a new style of kagura in the Hamada coast during early Meiji period, and this sprit has been continuously creating fast dancing and acting, decorative costume, and new production. In other words, nobility is the ethos of the hatchoshi, which is an interesting case of traditional art form vibrantly containing an iconoclastic aspect.

著者

川中 淳子

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

総合政策論叢 (ISSN:13463829)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.1-14, 2003-08-22

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The first study on school refusal was reported in the 1940's in America. In Japan, the first study on it was in 1959. Now about 45 years have passed and since then more than 1000 studies have been reported. Some of these refer to self help groups for parents of school refusal children. Now self help groups have been held in all parts of Japan. It is said that these groups have a supportive effect. So this paper reviews these reports and studies, such groups' significance, problems of the preceding studies, and so on. Further, I report the result of my interview with representatives of the self help group. Significance of self help groups for parents is being able to make company, being free from feeling isolation, exchange information and learn school refusal problem. A problem of preceding studies is lack of reference to the danger of the groups.

著者

豊田 有恒

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

北東アジア研究 (ISSN:13463810)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, pp.97-108, 2002-03

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The ancient relationship between NEAR-North East Asian Region depends on many uncertain factors. The reason why is very clear. There are not enough evidence to probe the historical facts. Our study to make them clear must need some kind of patience. The area today called Shimane was once devided into two parts, Izumo and Iwami. Izumo is very famous for it's favor of the sight-seeing spots of mithology. Many tourists visit prefectural capital Matue every year. The way to solve the problems lies on this point. It's mithology. The ancient chronicle shares many pages on Izumo mith. Yet there is no evidence to probe the existence of ancient Izumo Kingdom. Izumo Kingdom is thought to be only existed in the mithological world. But in order to solve the problems, a key which can make us to guide the world of mithology, has an important role in area studies. We must need a view point to research NEAR area. The most important area is Silla (新羅). Japanese mith has a tale of a vagabond prince from Silla. His name is Susanoh, who is very famous for dragon-slaying. He killed eight-headed hydra, Yamatano-oroti. This mithological pattern originned from Greek mith, which was called Perseus-Andromeda type. This mithological tale was brought from Greece after a long jouney across the Eurasian Continent. As for the relationship between Izumo and Korean Peninsula, ancient Kara area is also important. Kara is a word to call Korea at first. For instance, Kara-kuni (韓国) means Korea itself. Ancient Kara was not a dynasty, but a league of farmers village nations. Those kinds were called by Max Weber "Bauerngemeinwesen" (Farmer's community). From this area, on the south end of Korean Peninsula, many imigrants or say refugees visited Japan Archipelago and brought a lot of chinese cultures which was already brought to Korea and translated into Korean language that had philologically same origins to Japanese. Many years afterward, Japanese forgot the influences from Korea. Or, to speak frankly, Our ancestors tried to neglect the influences from Korea as possible as we could. In 8th century Japanese began to send big delegations to Chinese Tang dynasty which made many cultural shocks such as "Law and Administration Systems" (律令制度) to Japan. The delegation from Japan to China was always confronted the power of outer sea where many ships wrecked and many young and talented student drowned. At last the Japanese government stopped to dispatch delegations to China for the fatal risks. So, us Japanese has a tendensy to over-estimate the role of China-delegation (遣唐使). It was caused by our nationalistic way of thinking in which we easily tried to think that our ancestors earned Chinese advanced civilization on our own risk of those brave voyage to China. Before the delegations to China, there were many anonimous Korean imigrants who gave us those knowledge of how to write, how to make Buddha statues, how to find gold mine, and how to construct temples or palaces. On this point, importance of Kara (加羅) was increased not only for Izumo but also for Japanese every districts. Especially Izumo has a lot of relations to Kara, for instances as those names of shrines, temples and places. I am going to make it clear about those relationship of Izumo and ancient Kara district.

著者

横田 禎昭

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

総合政策論叢 (ISSN:13463829)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, pp.71-78, 2003-03-28

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The Shajing (沙井) culture is named for the Shajing site in Minqin (民勤) xian of Kansu (甘粛) province where it was first discovered in 1924, by J.G.Andersson. The Shajing culture graves were discovered in Yulingou (楡樹溝), Yongdeng xian; Sanjiao-cheng (三角城), Hamadun (蛤蟆〓), Yong-chang xian in Kansu province, and Hoxi-Corridor in Qilian (祁連) mountains and Badanjilin (巴丹吉林) Desert. Many bronze and a few iron wares buried with them were also found. Those bronze wares are accessories such as tubular ornaments, belt buckles, buttons, knives, pendants and golden-ear rings. They are animal-styles and common in Northan (Ordos) Bronze Culture. It also shows their kinships and culture fostered by the mounted nomads in North Eurasia, especially in South Siberia. The carbon-dated (estimated age) for Shajing Culture is around B.C.1300-B.C, 789. That is at the late stage of the Yin (殷) Dynasty or at the beginning of Western Zhou (西周) to Spring and Autumn (春秋) period. From the age, the distribution of the area can be inferred that the Shajing culture belongs to the ancient Yuezhi (月氏) nationality.

著者

謝 富勝 張 忠任

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

総合政策論叢 (ISSN:13463829)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, pp.123-132, 2004-03-16

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Investment in technological innovation (ITI) plays an important role in the process of economic development in China. The paper explores and illustrates mainly ITI's characteristics and tendency as well as questions, such as; (1)ITI had made vital contribution in the process of economic development in China, But that the percentage of ITI to total investment in fixed assets (TIFA) is falling continuously expresses that the policy of science and technology in China should be rectified. (2)The percentage of central ITI is increasing from the perspective of the percentage of central and local ITI, but the percentage of local ITI remains 60 percent, so the local ITI should be emphasized in the future. (3)Enterprise's fund-raising is in the highest flight from the perspective of the percentage of central and local ITI, so it is necessary to adjust the enterprise's policy of science and technology in China. (4)The percentage of privately-owned ITI is increasing constantly, but the percentage of public-owned ITI remains 55 percent, so the future adjustment of the policy of science and technology in China should focus more on privately-owned ITI. (5)During 20 years from the Fourth 5-year Plan to the Seventh 5-year Plan, the East are increasing constantly and the West lowest and the Middle reducing constantly in the percentage of ITI. All regions are falling from the perspective of per capita ITI, but the highest is the West and the lowest the East, for which involved the formation of social capital. To the West, it would be the investment in capital construction that should be emphasized rather than ITI.

著者

野村 泰弘

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

総合政策論叢 (ISSN:13463829)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, pp.91-107, 2005-12

著者

尹 芝恵

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

総合政策論叢 (ISSN:13463829)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, pp.73-89, 2005-12

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In the course of the resumption of friendly relations between Japan and Korea after Toyotomi Hideyoshi's invasion of the Korean Peninsula, a delegation was instituted. The Korean delegation consisted of 400 to 500 people including three main ambassadors, official painters, medical doctors, translators and Band musicians, etc. The delegation visited Japan 12 times between 1607 and 1811. This 200-year-long cultural exchange between Korea and the Tokugawa shogunate in Japan produced in both countries many kinds of pictures which related to the delegation. Some of which were pictures produced by the members of the Embassy and others were by Japanese painters. For example, we can classify these pictures according to the following themes: the magnificent parade of Korean members either by ship or on foot, the welcome-parties with Japanese hospitality and the portraits of the representative ambassadors. As time passed during the Tokugawa shogunate, the people in the Edo period grew richer and more refined, and became more interested in the Korean delegation. Ukiyo-e artists designed illustrated narrative books and published them. It is said that, for the Tokugawa shogunate, the Korean delegation was a symbolic medium to show how international the Tokugawa shogunate was. In this respect, very skillful painters in the Edo period were officially employed and maintained by the shogun. But the Ukiyo-e artists were designed and printed based on entertainment for the ordinary people of that time. I will focus on the Band musicians represented in folding screens, roll screens, and Ukiyo-e etc. The reason for this is that the images of the Band musicians were transformed. They were louder than reality. But the deformation shows strong the impression given to the public. And, at the same time, it also shows the image of aliens which the public also expected.

著者

豊田 有恒

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

総合政策論叢 (ISSN:13463829)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, pp.27-41, 2004-03-16

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The development of nuclear energy was started from military use. The result was tested unfortunately on those cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. After the world -war II, the U.S. President Eisenhower declared "Atoms for Peace". But the following development was not for peace but for military affairs. In Britain they developed a new-type atomic pile, so-called GCR (Gas Coolant Reactor). That could produce Plutonium for atomic bombs. In America Admiral Recover adopted nuclear energy for submarine. The first nuclear submarine "Nautilus" was launched in early 1950s. The Other three countries France, Soviet Russia and China developed atomic bombs. And thus five big countries which own their atomic weapons, ruled the world for the past century. There were regimes to stop atomic bombs to proliferate to the other countries. I.A.E.A. (International Atomic Energy Agency) was founded on 1956. But I.A.E.A. had not enough power to prohibit nuclear development. So, the next step to restrict nuclear development was decided. It was N.P.T. (Non-Proliferation Treaty) From the end of the last century to the beginning of the new century, a new crisis happened. That is the North-Korean nukes.

著者

八田 典子

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

総合政策論叢 (ISSN:13463829)

巻号頁・発行日

no.7, pp.133-147, 2004-03

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The purpose of this paper is to show the significance of "Art Project" by studying the results of the author's several field investigations. The interesting art movements called "Art Project" have been carried out in several places of Japan in recent years. They have been attracting our attention as an attempt to review the conventional way of art and to try to build some new relations between art and human beings or our society. I paid special attention to the projects: the "Echigo-Tsumari Art Triennial 2000" and the "Naoshima Island Project." The former was held for the purpose of realizing its regional revitalization in the Echigo-Tsumari district of the Niigata prefecture in the summer of 2000. The theme of this project was "Human Beings Are a Part of Nature" and the main site for its exhibition included many hills and fields in this district. The local inhabitants cooperated with a number of artists in creating and then setting the art works which represented the history or environmental problems of the area. The latter, the "Naoshima Island Project" has been developed by an enterprise in the small island of Naoshima in the Inland Sea of Japan since 1992. This project has been developing various interesting activities which esteem the history and the nature of Naoshima so that they may put by art new vitality into the community. I would like to point out the following characteristics of "Art Project," based on the results of these investigations. Firstly, it attaches great importance to a place or a human being, and increases the number of art-friendly people. This trend means that the original energy of art aims to free itself from restraints of the system of an art museum, and requests direct ties with people or community. Secondly, many projects which are held in a small town or country area are more impressive than the activities of the same kind in a big city. This shows that contemporary art has the power to produce an undaily world, and that this power is exercised more strongly in a striking contrast in the former. It suggests that a big city differs considerably from the original environment for human beings' life. In conclusion, the significance of "Art Project" is summarized as follows. "Art Project" is obtaining an result as an attempt to vitalize people and community from inside, and it is the interesting collaboration of various art expressions in the twentieth century. Furthermore, it gives an opportunity for us to watch the present society objectively by exhibiting its strong power of producing an undaily world. On the other hand, for the success of "Art Project," the following tasks are pointed out. First, it is important to consider fully the relationship between the characteristics peculiar to each area and art, not following the cases of other areas in an imprudent manner. Second, it is necessary for us to try to deepen our understanding of art without confining us to contemporary art.

著者

井上 治 小松 久男 栗林 均 宇野 伸浩 藤代 節 柳澤 明

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2004

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本研究課題は、北方ならびに中央ユーラシア地域の複雑で多様な文化を、歴史学・言語学・文学・人類学などの手法を有機的に組み合わせ、時代・地域・学問分野・方法論などの研究上の境界を超えて考究することを目指した。基本視点は異文化受容と文化変容の過程に設定し、文献資料・口頭伝承などの資料の分析を通じて、在来要素と外来要素の存在、外来要素の波及・流入過程、外来要素の流入による在来要素の変容と定着過程、在来要素の干渉による外来要素の変容と定着過程、それらの中間に存在する諸媒体などに着目して、受容・変容・定着という文化の動態を把握すること、各地域における異文化受容と文化変容のモデル化の可能性を追求すること、上記の動態あるいはモデルの相互比較により地域間の異同とそれを生んだ歴史的・社会的諸要因を究明すること、各地域における「伝統」の再構築とアイデンティティやエスニシティのダイナミズムの実態を明らかにすること、これらのいずかの側面にアプローチし、以下のような研究が行われた。(1)清朝で編纂された5言語対訳辞典『御製五体清文鑑』の研究上の問題点、(2)イランのモンゴル人政権における婚姻関係、(3)南方に移住したバルガ人たちの社会・文化変容プロセス、(4)シベリアのチュルク諸語の言語状況の動態、(5)ポスト社会主義時代のトゥバの文化的産物と文化実践の変容過程、(6)中央ユーラシアのテュルク系叙事詩の主人公側意識の多様性、(7)元における高麗在来王朝体制の保全のあり方、(8)古代ボン教の変容とその継続性、(9)モンゴル英雄叙事詩の年齢表現と「七冲」という易学の概念との関係、(10)19〜20世紀前半のモンゴルの祖先崇拝儀礼における伝統的価値観と仏教的価値観の整合過程のモデル化。また、島根県立大学服部文庫所蔵のモンゴル語、テュルク諸語文献の目録(暫定版)を完成させた。

著者

大橋 敏博

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

総合政策論叢 (ISSN:13463829)

巻号頁・発行日

no.6, pp.15-29, 2003-08

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Art support by the federal government through NBA has not occupied a big part on the whole as for the art support in the United States. But, NEA has played an important role for the promotion of the U.S. culture, through more than 115,000 NEA grants since its foundation in 1965. The culture war, the confusion of the beliefs and values of the American public in recent years, has exerted a big influence on this NEA as well. Shocking works of Serrano and Mapplethorpe were repulsed from the traditional values of the American public, and the movement to abolish or to restrict NEA support was expanded. Because of this, Congress made some amendments related to the NEA aid in 1989 and 1990. Then NEA became careful for the aid for the controversial arts activities, and didn't recognize the application for Finley. Finley challenged the amendment as violating unconstitutionaly the freedom of the expression of 1st Amendment. This paper tries to analyze the case of NEA v. Finley along with the legislation process of the NEA aid limitation, and also to examine the relation between the direct governmental art support and the congressional control.

著者

中川 敦

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

研究活動スタート支援

巻号頁・発行日

2011

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これまで遠距離介護に関する社会学的研究の多くは、その当事者に調査の対象を限定した研究が中心であった。本研究は当事者に対する調査分析を深めつつ、その対象を遠距離介護の宛先である高齢者本人および彼ら彼女らを支える支援者にその対象を広げ、調査分析を行った。その結果、遠距離介護者はそばにいられないやましさを抱えていること、高齢者は死をも見据えた形で現状を受け入れていること、支援者は居住形態よりも関わりの内実から遠距離介護者を評価していることなどが明らかになった。

著者

貴志 俊彦

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

基盤研究(C)

巻号頁・発行日

1999

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この4年間、各地の文書(案)を中心に調査、研究するなかで、本研究に関連する文書はアジア諸国だけでなく欧米各国にも膨大にあることを知ることができた。その一部は、概括的なものながら、実際に文書にあたることができ、調査報告も公表した。各地の文書調査を通じて、たんに黄渤海地域に限定されない歴史学上の課題にも直面し、本研究は萌芽的ながらも地域研究、外交史、社会史を交錯させた研究成果としてまとめることができた。さらに、こうした調査を通じて、マルチリンガル・アーカイブの手法による歴史学研究という点で日本はやや遅れをとっていることも痛感され、こうした手法による都市やメディアに関わる研究成果の公表につとめた。本年度の研究では、4年間の研究成果をまとめ、公表することに重点をおいた。実際に、上海及び日本国内の数箇所の研究会で、成果発表をおこない、批判をあおいだ。こうしてまとめた『研究成果報告書』の構成は、次のとおりである。第1章 近代中国における<都市>の成立-不平等条約下の華と洋-第2章 近代天津の都市コミュニティとナショナリズム第3章 帝国の「分身」の崩壊と「異空間」の創出-第一次大戦期の天津租界接収問題をめぐって-第4章 メディア文化とナショナリズム第5章 日中通信問題の一断面-青島佐世保海底電線をめぐる多国間交渉-第6章 天津租界電話問題をめぐる地域と国家間利害第7章 戦時下における対華電気通信システムの展開-華北電信電話株式会社の創立から解体まで-第8章 日中戦争期,東アジア地域におけるラジオ・メディア空間をめぐる政権の争覇第9章 啓蒙と抗日のはざまで-国民政府による電化教育政策をめぐって-4年間で一定の成果を得たとはいえ、課題も残った。例えば、本研究の時期として設定していた1950年代の問題はほとんど触れることができず、第二次世界大戦後の都市やメディアの変化を明らかにできなかった。また、黄渤海地域の都市といいながら、結局中国サイドのそれしか留意できず、朝鮮半島や日本の都市に言及できなかった。こうした課題に対しては、日本を含めた北東アジアの諸地域を意識した研究が必要であると考えている。広範囲な地域における文書調査は今後も続けたい。

著者

中見 立夫

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

北東アジア研究 (ISSN:13463810)

巻号頁・発行日

no.7, pp.43-56, 2004-03

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Where is "Northeast Asia" located in the world? The answers to that question are different by the disciplines or interests of the scholars at least in Japan. For instance, historians on premodern Asia recognize "Northeast Asia" as a historical cultural zone of the Tungus people. It covers East Siberia, Russian Far East, Northeastern China and Korea. The group of cultural anthropologists, linguists and archaeologists refer "Northeast Asia" to the living area of Palaeo-Siberian people in Siberia. The researchers of international relations, using the regional concept of "Northeast Asia", are discussing today's political issues and their international environment in Korean Peninsula. Moreover, in Japanese, there are two words for "Northeast Asia"; Tohoku Ajia (East-North Asia) and Hokuto Ajia (North-East Asia). Although the name of "Northeast Asia" has been used since the end of 19^<th> century in Russian works, it would be rare for English speaking people to use the words. At first stage, it showed the northeastern part of "Asiatic Russia". In 1931-41, when Robert Kerner founded the Northeast Asian Seminar in University of California, Berkeley, he intended to combine Russian studies with East Asian studies and put a new point of view to "Northeast Asia". In his understanding of "Northeast Asia", that words means "frontier" region between Russia, China and Japan. In the USA after the Second World War, among most of Asian researchers, "Northeast Asia" includes Korea and Japan, while "East Asia" means the wide area between China, Korea and Japan. In Japan, until 1945, a few anthropologists as like Torii Ryuzo utilized the words on their articles, introducing ethnic relations in East Siberia. Since 1950s, Mikami Tsuguo started to use the words for explaining the activities of the Tungus in the ancient time instead of the word Man-Sen (Manchuria and Korea). In 1951, just before the San Francisco Peace Conference, the end of Occupation time, Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, following the example of the Office of Northeast Asian Affairs in the USA's Department of States, organized Department of Northeast Asia. The Office of Northeast Asian Affairs in the USA takes cares of South Korea, Japan and Republican China, anti-Communist states in East Asia, while the Department of Northeast Asia in Japan covers all the Korean issues including North Korean. Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs avoided using the name of Department of Korea for political consideration, because there are two words for Korea, Chosen and Kankoku, in the Japanese. The words "Southeast Asia" has been also popularized over the world since 1945, and well recognized where that words indicate the area. However, in the case of "Northeast Asia" there is no consensus of indicating which range on the world map among the writers.

著者

西野 可奈

出版者

島根県立大学

雑誌

北東アジア研究 (ISSN:13463810)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.95-100, 2005-01