著者

瀬口 翔太 澤畠 拓夫

出版者

近畿大学農学部

雑誌

近畿大学農学部紀要 = MEMOIRS OF THE FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE OF KINKI UNIVERSITY (ISSN:21896267)

巻号頁・発行日

no.49, pp.61-65, 2016-03-31

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<Synopsis>The hermit beetle, Osmoderma opicum Lewis, 1887 is one of the endangered beetle species living in tree hollows. We found the beetle in a warm-temperate evergreen forest on Mt. Kasugayama. This beetle has been thought inhabiting a summergreen forest zone and the coniferous trees zone of the high altitude. Therefore, it was the first time to prove that the beetle can inhabits in a warm-temperate evergreen forest.

著者

瀬口 翔太 瀬尾 友樹 澤畠 拓夫

出版者

近畿大学農学部

雑誌

近畿大学農学部紀要 = MEMOIRS OF THE FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE OF KINDAI UNIVERSITY (ISSN:21896267)

巻号頁・発行日

no.53, pp.71-75, 2020-03-31

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[Synopsis] We found large numbers of the exotic millipede, Chamberlinius hualienensis, which is originally distributed in Hualien, Taiwan, from two areas in Wakayama Prefecture. Because there was no trace of a large amount of soil or plants brought into the study sites, and the millipede was univoltine, these populations suggested their invasion was not recent in Wakayama Prefecture. The density of the millipede was 9.5±8.1 ind./m2 in the forest in Tanabe City. Its density was lower than observed when outbreaks occurred in Kanagawa and Okinawa Prefectures (1/6- 1/54 times). Therefore, it was considered that there was no outbreak of millipede at this site at this time. This is the first report showing the possibility of the millipede has invaded in the Kinki region in Central Japan.

著者

桜谷 保之

出版者

近畿大学農学部

雑誌

近畿大学農学部紀要 (ISSN:04538889)

巻号頁・発行日

no.45, pp.119-128, 2012

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[Synopsis] The biodiversity in Beethoven's Pastoral Symphony is presented for discussion. The season of this symphony was inferred to be early summer, according to the song of birds (2nd movement), and the other motives of this symphony. Beethoven had recognized at least three species of birds; nightingale, quails, and cuckoo, and might have had a great interest in many plants and animals based on the many motives of this symphony. In this symphony, especially the final movement, Beethoven arrived at a conclusion of coexistence of nature and humans. [要約] ベートーヴェン作曲交響曲第6番「田園」における生物多様性について、考察した。初めに「田園」の季節について考察してみたが、よく言われていように、初夏の情景と考えられた。ベートーヴェンは少なくともサヨナキドリ(ナイチンゲール)、ウズラ、カッコウ、の3種類の野鳥を識別でき、これ以外にホオジロにも関心があったと思われる。その他にも、曲想からして、いろいろな生物をこの曲に取り入れていたと思われ、それらに対する、いつくしみの感情も強かったと思われた。第5楽章では、自然と人間の調和という結論に達していたように推察された。

著者

澤畠 拓夫 瀬口 翔太 黒住 耐二

出版者

近畿大学農学部

雑誌

近畿大学農学部紀要 = MEMOIRS OF THE FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE OF KINDAI UNIVERSITY (ISSN:21896267)

巻号頁・発行日

no.51, pp.70-74, 2018-03-31

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[Synopsis]An exotic terrestrial slug, Limax flavus had been found from Nara park. Their main habitat was an old rock wall and its surrounding in Nara Park. The Limax flavus individuals were living with the other slug species, Meghimatium bilineatum on the same rock wall, but Ambigolimax valentinus was seldom observed in the habitat of Limax flavus.

著者

矢野 栄二 西川 翔子 山根 雅史

出版者

近畿大学農学部

雑誌

近畿大学農学部紀要 = Memoirs of the Faculty of Agriculture of Kinki University (ISSN:04538889)

巻号頁・発行日

no.41, pp.1-10, 2008-03-01

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Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Rondani), an aphidophagous species of Cecidomyiidae, is widely distributed in the world.Larvae of this species feed on a wide variety of aphids, at least 80 species having been known as hosts. In many countries,A. aphidimyza has been used extensively as a biological control agent against aphids, particularly in greenhouses, andhas been proved effective. An exotic strain of this species has been commercialized to control aphids in protected culturesince 1998 in Japan. Use of this strain has not been very successful, possibly because of maladaptation to environmental conditions in Japan or improper use of the strain. Study of the natural distribution of A. aphidimyza in Japan, prior to commercialization of its exotic strain, revealed that this species is distributed commonly in Japan. Use of domestic strains,which are well adapted to both the physical and biological environments in Japan, is recommended to avoid environmental risk by use of the exotic strain. The biology and use for biological control of European strains of A. aphidimyza have been studied and published by many authors. It is worthy to review these studies for the development of biological control using domestic strains of A. aphidimyza in Japan. In this review, the biology of A. aphidimyza, i.e., the taxonomy, morphology, development, oviposition, predation, mating and interspecific interactions with other natural enemies, will be described. Then, mass production and storage of this species, its use for biological control in greenhouses and its role in the regulation of aphids in orchards will be discussed as practical information.

著者

瀬口 翔太 澤畠 拓夫

出版者

近畿大学農学部

雑誌

近畿大学農学部紀要 = MEMOIRS OF THE FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE OF KINKI UNIVERSITY (ISSN:21896267)

巻号頁・発行日

no.49, pp.61-65, 2016-03-31

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<Synopsis>The hermit beetle, Osmoderma opicum Lewis, 1887 is one of the endangered beetle species living in tree hollows. We found the beetle in a warm-temperate evergreen forest on Mt. Kasugayama. This beetle has been thought inhabiting a summergreen forest zone and the coniferous trees zone of the high altitude. Therefore, it was the first time to prove that the beetle can inhabits in a warm-temperate evergreen forest.

著者

村社 仁史 種坂 英次

出版者

近畿大学農学部

雑誌

近畿大学農学部紀要 = Memoirs of the Faculty of Agriculture of Kinki University (ISSN:04538889)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, pp.355-364, 2013-03-01

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[Synopsis] Historical changes in production of the matsutake mushroom, which are symbiotically associated with Japanese red pine trees as a secondary forest in the Heguri-Yama (presently called Yata-Hills) located in the northwestern area of Nara Prefecture, are overviewed with focusing on human activities and vegetative succession. Evergreen Quercus plants as primary natural vegetation of the Heguri-Yama frequently appeared in literature, such as ‘Kojiki’ , `Nihonshoki' and ‘Manyoshu’ edited during the 8th and 9th centuries. The matsutake harvest in this area was first described in 1259 in the literature `Toji-Hyakugoh-monjo' as seasonal tribute esteemed for Buddhism monks, and frequently appeared in this literature until the 16th century. This mushroom was recorded in contracts as a cash product in the 18th and 19th centuries. Since the early 20th century, the matsutake has become an important economic product of several local communities in collaboration with the tourism initiated by a local railway company. Nevertheless, matsutake production has gradually decreased after the late 1960s, and most local matsutake populations have become extinct. Aged red pine forests have been overtaken by evergreen forest, as it was like in ancient days under natural succession.

著者

北川 哲郎 森下 匠 細谷 和海

出版者

近畿大学農学部

雑誌

近畿大学農学部紀要 = Memoirs of the Faculty of Agriculture of Kinki University (ISSN:04538889)

巻号頁・発行日

no.45, pp.129-134, 2012-03 (Released:2013-10-08)

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チョウセンブナMacropodus ocellatusの繁殖生態について,屋外および飼育室における飼育試験によって調査した。産卵は,屋外,飼育室内のいずれにおいても,雌に対して雄1尾を投入した飼育容器内のみで観察された。雌は同一容器に複数尾を投入しても問題なく産卵に至った。確認された産卵数は,78-324粒であった。産卵周期を観察するため,飼育室内で産卵した雌雄の2組を飼育し続けたが,産卵後の雄は雌を激しく攻撃し,再び産卵行動をとることはなかった。受精卵は産卵後約2日で孵化し,孵化後6日目で摂餌を開始した。孵化直後の仔魚は強い浮力を有し,浮遊物の付近や飼育容器の壁面沿いに塊をなして浮遊していた。孵化直後の遊泳力は皆無であり,能動的な遊泳が観察されたのは孵化後5日目であった。

著者

久光 彩子 曽我部 陽子 寺田 剛 大隅 有理子 寺田 早百合 平野 綾香 杉田 麻衣 松尾 扶美 片山 涼子 荻野 直人 高見 晋一 桜谷 保之

出版者

近畿大学農学部

雑誌

近畿大学農学部紀要 (ISSN:04538889)

巻号頁・発行日

no.43, pp.91-104, 2010

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On 22 July 2009, partial solar eclipse was observed in most regions in Japan and a total solar eclipse was observed in the Southwest Islands. At the Nara Campus of Kinki University, located in Nara Prefecture, central Japan, the sun fell into eclipse at 9:46, the maximum eclipse occurred at 11:05 (82% eclipse) and the eclipse finished at 12:25. The weather was cloudy and occasionally the sun peeped through the clouds.At the maximum eclipse, the following phenomena were observed:1) The ratio of singing individuals of two species of cicada, Platypleura kaempferi, and Graptopsaltria nigrofuscata, singing in daylight was reduced, hereas he higurashi cicada, Tanna japonensis, which sings at early morning and evening, began to sing actively.2) The katydids, Gampsocleis buergeri ,which sing in daylight, were silent.3) Two species of bird, Hypsipetes amaurotis and Cettia diphone were silent.4) The activities of flight butterfly species, Zizeeria maha, declined.5) The leaves of the silk tree, Albizia julibrrissin., which normally close at night, begun to close.6) The amount of solar radiation decreased and the air temperature declined.The response of some animals and plants to the eclipse may be coused by these weather factors which caused by solar eclipse.

著者

澤畠 拓夫 播本 絵久 北野 泉水 細谷 奈緒美 奥田 風花

出版者

近畿大学農学部

雑誌

近畿大学農学部紀要 = MEMOIRS OF THE FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE OF KINDAI UNIVERSITY (ISSN:21896267)

巻号頁・発行日

no.51, pp.62-64, 2018-03-31

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[Synopsis]A deadly poisonous fungus, Podostroma cornu-damae has occurred in Satoyama forest surrounding Nara Campus of Kindai University. This is first record of this fungus in the forest of our campus, and it need to call not to touch this fungus indiscriminately.

著者

池田 健一 葛西 弘 合田 愛 村上 教介 仲村 華人 石原 竜 澤畠 拓夫

出版者

近畿大学農学部

雑誌

近畿大学農学部紀要 = MEMOIRS OF THE FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE OF KINDAI UNIVERSITY (ISSN:21896267)

巻号頁・発行日

no.53, pp.46-70, 2020-03-31

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[Synopsis] There are no reports of the ant fauna at the Kindai University Faculty of Agriculture, and there is a lack of records for the ant fauna in Nara Prefecture. Therefore, we surveyed them around the campus and searched the past records in literature in Nara Prefecture. As a result, 66 species including 9 rare species and 4 alien species were recorded. The ant fauna had larger species number than the surrounding area and it was species composition including species living diverse habitat. This result suggests that the ant fauna is influenced by the unique environment of the campus that includes Satoyama forest and artificial environment.

著者

岡本 忠

出版者

近畿大学農学部

雑誌

近畿大学農学部紀要 = Memoirs of the Faculty of Agriculture of Kinki University (ISSN:04538889)

巻号頁・発行日

no.25, pp.61-68, 1992-01-01

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[Author abstract]Adhesive proteins from spiders and marine sedentary mollusks such as barnacles and mussels are reviewed, as are cell-adhesive materials. A total of 35 references are cited.[著者抄録]接着性タンパク質の最近の進歩,特に水生動物の接着性タンパク質について紹介した.

著者

瀬口 翔太 松谷 実璃 澤畠 拓夫 SEGUCHIShota MATSUYAMinori SAWAHATATakuo

出版者

近畿大学農学部

雑誌

近畿大学農学部紀要 = MEMOIRS OF THE FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE OF KINDAI UNIVERSITY (ISSN:21896267)

巻号頁・発行日

no.52, pp.53-57, 2019-03-31

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[Synopsis] The distribution of Opisthoplatia orientalis had been restricted naturally in the southern part of Kyushu, Ashizuri-misaki Cape in Shikoku, and the Nansei Islands in Japan. However, the cockroach has expanded its distribution area to various parts of Japan in recent years with transplantation of plants such as cycads. We found large numbers of the cockroach individuals comprised the both larvae and adults at two places in the Nanko area of the Port of Osaka in Japan in 2017 through the field surveys based of the eyewitness information of the remains of the cockroach in there in 2015. This is the first report to suggest the cockroach has established in Osaka prefecture.

著者

北川 哲郎 小田 優花 細谷 和海

出版者

近畿大学農学部

雑誌

近畿大学農学部紀要 = Memoirs of the Faculty of Agriculture of Kinki University (ISSN:04538889)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, pp.31-36, 2013-03-01

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[Synopsis] The paradise fish, Macropodus opercularis is distributed from the northern part of Vietnam to the Ryukyu Archipelago, and categorized as an endangered species in Japan. The endemism of the Okinawan population was not proven, even though Okinawa is isolated from the mainland of East and Southeast Asia. Furthermore, the ecological information was not fully investigated and the quantities are not sufficient enough to protect it. To elucidate the local variation in paradise fish, reproductive characteristics of the Okinawan fish population were examined in the laboratory. During the trials, a pair of broodstock were reared under constant environments (25 ± 0.5 °C , 14 h L - 10 h D). Each reproductive behavior was observed once per four to ten days at least. The number of the fertilized eggs was counted as being 319 - 581. Hatching was observed two days later, and then the larvae proceeded to feed six days after hatching. The newly hatched larvae drifted beneath the water surface, or fell down on the bottom of the tank. The fertilized eggs were large, and buoyancy was tenuous, if compared with the case of typical M opercularis from the mainland China. The egg-mass after spawning and prelarvae under a bubble nest were guarded by a single male parent. Protective behavior was also found in females. However, female was often attacked by the male if they were mistakenly perceived as enemy by himself. In this experiment, the filial cannibalism was not observed as far as each broodstock is concerned.

著者

山根 猛 山口 恭弘

出版者

近畿大学農学部

雑誌

近畿大学農学部紀要 (ISSN:04538889)

巻号頁・発行日

no.41, pp.123-129, 2008

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我が国の沿岸漁業では様々な魚種を対象に定置網が操業されている。本漁業の生産量は678000トンで、沿岸漁業総生産量1901000トンの36%を占める(1996年)。本研究では、長崎県対馬東岸の志越漁場における定置網を事例に現地調査を実施した。日別漁獲量・種組成は季節により大きく変動するものの、漁期をとおして20種以上が漁獲された。当該域における漁獲種の利用方法は、投棄死亡そしてポストハーベスト・ロスを減少させるように機能している。当該域において如何にして資源の合理的な利用がなされているかについての事例を述べる。

著者

田尻 尚士 松本 熊市 原 和子

出版者

近畿大学農学部

雑誌

近畿大学農学部紀要 (ISSN:04538889)

巻号頁・発行日

no.9, pp.p45-56, 1976-03

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[Author abstract]Freezing storage of dough was concerned in regard to the bread making. Three sections were made as follows; I, Freezing the dough before fermentation. II, After the first fermentation, the dough was frozen. III, After second fermentation, the dough was frozen. For the defrosting of each frozen dough, quick and natural methods were compaired and resulted condition of the dough and the quality of final product were compaired by the physiological methods and by the eye observation. (1). Freezing storage of dough before fermentation; By quick defrosting of dough fermentationame weak, expansion of volume were not enough and somewhat sticky and indicate alcoholic flavour and quality become inferiar. On the other hand, one which was defrostted by natural temperature expansion the dough show satisfactory, soft and well. During storage period fermentation of yeast in the dough could be maintained quite normally. The bread made from the dough was good flavoured and elasticity. By this way obtained quite good result and almost similar to the bread made of general method. The dough was good flavoured and elasticity. By this way, obtained quite good result and almost similar to the bread made of general method. (2). Freezing dough after first fermentation; By quick defrosting of this section, fermentation of the dough were rather weak, Co_2 gas generate not enough, inner part of dough became a dumpling. The product shows low expansion. As the result, a strange smell appeared and it was difficult to make bread in this way. In natural defrosting, very weak fermentation could be seen, and became a dumpling. The product has strange smell and slightly sticky and heavy. Volume expansion also weak and the quality of product by this method was quite low. (3). The dough freezed after second fermentation. By quick defrosting, the dough lost elasticity and more inferior as compaired to quick defrosting of (2) section, therefore bread making by this method was almost impossible to use generally.[著者抄録]冷凍パン生地による食パンの製造につき実験を行なった。実験区分として、発酵前生地冷凍、第1発酵生地冷凍、第2発酵生地冷凍の3区分を設定、貯蔵目数の限界もあわせて検討した。解凍法についても併せて追究した。(1)発酵前生地冷凍区: 自然解凍区では、一般製法とまったく差異のない食パンの製造が可能で、すだちの形成もきわめて良く、芳香性に富んだ軽い感じの色調豊かな品質を示した。急速解凍区では、生地はべとつき、急激な温度差により、イースト菌の発酵能力が衰弱し、発酵不良の結果をまねき製品は自然解凍区に比較してかなり劣悪であった。(2)第1発酵生地冷凍区: 自然解凍区では、解凍前のイースト菌の発酵形跡は若干認められるが非常に弱く生地内部はもち状となり、その結果、製品食パンは重い感じの粗悪なアルコール臭の強い膨張率の低い不良品となった。急速解凍区では、CO_2の放出は非常に弱くイースト菌の発酵力は大きく低下、生地はだんご状となる。その結果、製品食パンはほとんど膨張せず異臭の強い、不均質な内面の劣悪な品質となり、本区での食パン製造は不適当である。(3)第2発酵生地冷凍区: 自然解凍区では、生地はべとつき、第2発酵以前に形成された"すだち"や空胞が消失し、もち状となり製品食パンは粗悪な重い感じを呈する。また、異臭も強く、膨張率も低いかたい食パンとなった。急速解凍区では、伸長性に乏しいだんご状の発酵不充分な生地で、第2発酵以前に形成された健全なイースト菌の発酵が解凍時にはほとんど消失した。製品食パンは急速解凍区と大差なく、その品質はかなり劣悪であり、本区での食パン製造は非常に困難であった。以上の結果より、冷凍生地による食パン製造は発酵前生地を冷凍する方法が最良であるが、各家庭で冷凍生地購入後焼き上げるまでの処理が複雑なため、なお幾多の改良や製法の簡素化が必要であろう。すをわち、第2発酵終了後の冷凍生地を購入、焼き上げのみで食パンが得られるべく、種々の改良、研究が必要であろう。その一方法として、第2発酵終了の冷凍生地に解凍時イースト菌、糖などを添加し、イースト菌の発酵能力の促進、補強などが考えられる。

著者

杉本 毅 桜谷 保之 山下 美智代

出版者

近畿大学農学部

雑誌

近畿大学農学部紀要 (ISSN:04538889)

巻号頁・発行日

no.17, pp.p13-20, 1984-03

被引用文献数

4

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[Author abstract]In mid September in 1982 and 1983 the hopperburn by the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (STÅL) occurred in many paddy fields in Iwakura, Kyoto city. We compared the degree of the hopperburn occurrence in the paddy fields applied neither of fertilizer and pesticide for more than ten years with that in neighbouring ones applied them conventionally. Hopperburn scarcely occurred in the former fields. Such a difference between these two kinds of paddy fields might be ascribed to two density-suppressing factors; the larger tolerance to feeding by the brown planthopper of the rice plants grown in the former fields and the greater predation by spiders living with higher densities in those fields.[著者抄録]1982年と1983年の秋に京都市岩倉地区の水田でトビイロウンカによる坪枯れが多発したので,同地区の2ケ所に位置する自然農法田と慣行農法田における坪枯れの発生状況を調査,比較したところ,自然農法田で坪枯れが起りにくいことが分かった.その理由は,トビイロウンカによる吸汁・増殖に対する,自然農法田で育ったイネ自身の耐性とその水田に高密度で生息するクモ類による捕食圧という2つの密度抑制要因の働きによってウンカの増殖が抑えられたためであろうと推論した.

著者

大石 武士 大塚 章宏 藤田 隆介 黒川 広行 松原 康二

出版者

近畿大学農学部

雑誌

近畿大学農学部紀要 = Memoirs of the Faculty of Agriculture of Kinki University (ISSN:04538889)

巻号頁・発行日

no.33, pp.25-30, 2000-01-01

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[Author Abstract]Two experiments were carried out to reexamine the methods for converting coffee residue into poultry feed. In experiment 1, 15% and 30% untreated coffee residue diets were given, and in experiment 2, 15% and 30% boiled and filtered coffee residue diets were given to laying hens. Untreated coffee residue diets decreased the feed intake and egg production. Diarrhea and soft egg shells also resulted from untreated coffee residue diets. The 15% boiled and filtered coffee residue diet significantly improved feed intake and egg production, whereas the 30% boiled and filtered coffee residue diet resulted in low feed intake and egg production compared with the 15% coffee residue diet. Low yolk color and thin eggshells also resulted from the boiled and filtered coffee residue diets.[著者抄録]コーヒーの消費の増大に伴って副産物として多量にコーヒー粕が排出され,その処理にコーヒーメーカーは苦慮している。環境対策や省資源の面から産業廃棄物として処理されているコーヒー粕を有効利用することは意義のあるものと考えられる。コーヒー粕を飼料化するためには,特有の苦みや臭いによる嗜好性の低さを改善する必要がある。手軽で安価に嗜好性を改善するための方法としてコーヒー煮沸・濾過をくり返すことが,鶏のコーヒー粕に対する嗜好性を改善するかどうかを検討するための実験を実施した。市販配合飼料の15%および30%を無処理のコーヒー粕で代替し産卵鶏に給与した実験1では,代替割合に関係なく飼料摂取量は通常の1/2程度まで低下し,産卵率も著しく劣り,軟卵や下痢などの発生が認められた。市販配合飼料の15%および30%を60分間の煮沸・濾過処理を施したコーヒー粕と代替して給与した実験2では,15%の代替では飼料摂取量および産卵率は市販配合飼料を給与した対照区とほとんど差は認められない程度まで改善された。しかし,30%の代替の場合,摂取量,産卵率ともに無処理のコーヒー粕代替飼料に比べれば改善されたが,対照区に比べ有意に劣っていた。従って,コーヒー粕に60分間の煮沸・濾過処理を施せば,15%程度までなら飼料としての利用が可能と思われた。ただし,煮沸・濾過処理コーヒー粕で代替することによって卵殻の厚さや卵黄色調等の卵質の一部に低下傾向が認められるので,これらを防ぐための処方も必要と考えられた。

著者

渡辺 克美 佐藤 庸平

出版者

近畿大学農学部

雑誌

近畿大学農学部紀要 = MEMOIRS OF THE FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE OF KINDAI UNIVERSITY (ISSN:21896267)

巻号頁・発行日

no.50, pp.41-45, 2017-03-31

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[Synopsis] The hyaluronidase, elastase and collagenase inhibitory activities of twenty species of vegetables were measured to evaluate their anti-wrinkle and anti-inflammatory capabilities. Among the tested vegetables, Manganji pepper, Takagamine pepper and kohirabi had the high elastase inhibitory activity although high hyaluronidase and collagenase inhibitory activities were not detected.Manganji and Takagamine peppers are classified into the same genus (Capsicum). It suggested that Manganji pepper, Takagamine pepper and kohirabi had the high anti-wrinkle capability and that the capability might be species-specific.

著者

細谷 和海 西井 啓太

出版者

近畿大学農学部

雑誌

近畿大学農学部紀要 = Memoirs of the Faculty of Agriculture of Kinki University (ISSN:04538889)

巻号頁・発行日

no.36, pp.73-130, 2003-01-01

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Biological articles about so-called black basses, viz., the largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides and smallmouth bass M dolomieu, were compiled in a bibliography. Black basses are typical invasive alien fishes transplanted from North America, and constitute a serious biohazard in Japanese freshwaters. The bibliography lists approximately 500 articles including scientific papers, reports, and other miscellaneous printed materials, which are classified into seventeen specifically ordered subjects both in English and Japanese. This bibliography aims to provide necessary information to the persons such as scientists, conervation officers, and volunteers concerned about the bass problem, to help them to understand it the problem objectively, and to promote the eradication or control of alien basses in Japan.