著者
多和田 有希
出版者
東京藝術大学
巻号頁・発行日
2011-03-25

平成22年度
著者
神谷 嘉美 加藤 寛
雑誌
保存科学 = Science for conservation
巻号頁・発行日
no.45, pp.251-258, 2006-03-31

Lacquer called urushi, which is the only natural polymer produced in Asia, is polymerized by laccase to produce a beautiful coating. Recent studies have made it clear that urushi coating films are weak against ultraviolet irradiation and that exposure to ultraviolet rays could cause them to deteriorate. For example, flaking off of films, loss in gloss, or cracking might possibly occur. Restoration for conservation is, therefore, necessary for historic urushi objects. There are many experimental reports using a single-layer urushi coating film on a glass board, but there are few chemical research data of traditional restoration techniques using urushi. Therefore, in this study, samples of polished four-layer urushi coating films were first exposed to ultraviolet irradiation. Then the effect of restoration techniques for conservation was examined by applying two techniques, suri urushi and urushi gatame, on the deteriorated coating films. Through this study, it was verified that the appearance of the films changes differently with the two techniques. Suri urushi is suitable for adjusting the gloss, because gloss rises on the deteriorated films. Urushi gatame is suitable for restoration in general, because it suppresses changes of gloss and color in the restoration of cultural properties to a great degree. The results show that repair of and protection against deteriorated urushi coating films are possible by restoration techniques using urushi sap.
著者
山内 一功 太田 勲
出版者
札幌医科大学医学部
雑誌
札幌医学雑誌 = The Sapporo medical journal = The Sapporo medical journal (ISSN:0036472X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.47, no.6, pp.582-591, 1978-12-01

Changes of mechanical and electrical responses in frog whole sartorius muscle surviving at a constant temperature (20±1℃) in normal Ringer solution, Ringer solution which was supplemented with antibiotics or modified Medium 199 were examined and the following results were obtained. 1. The peak tensions of both twitch and potassium contracture (K-contracture) decreased gradually with the lapse of time after immersion of whole sartorius muscles in normal Ringer solution. Twelve hours after the immersion, the peak tensions of twitch and K-contracture decreased to about 55% and 67% of the control, respectively. Sixteen hours after the immersion, the respective peak tensions decreased to about 10% of the control. However, the peak tension of caffeine contracture did not change up to 12 hours after immersion, whereas it decreased to about 20% of the control 16 hours after immersion. Whole sartorius muscles surviving more than 12 hours in normal Ringer solution assumed a milky color and contained fibers which had a granular appearence. Proliferation of bacteria was observed in normal Ringer solution in which muscle preparations survived more than 12 hours. 2. In whole muscle surviving in Ringer solution with antibiotics (penicillin 50U/ml plus streptomycin 10 μg/ml), the twitch tension decreased gradually with the lapse of time after the immersion and it decreased to about 10% at 24 hours after immersion. On the other hand, the time course of the inhibition of the magnitude of K-contracture tension showed two distinct phases ; the first phase in which the tension was inhibited very slowly and slightly (up to 36 hours after immersion), and the second phase in which tension was inhibited rapidly and completely. In addition, peak tension of caffeine contracture showed no changes up to 24 hours after the immersion whereas it decreased to about 23% of the control 48 hours after the immersion. 3. The magnitude of resting potential and the amplitude of action potential of fibers immersed in Ringer solution with antibiotics for 24 hours were quite similar to those of the control. Fourty-eight hours after the immersion, overshoot of action potential was not observed, although the magnitude of resting potential showed no changes. 4. Twitch was abolished 6 days after immersion of whole muscle in modified Medium 199, whereas K-contracture and caffeine contracture were observed even after 18 days of the immersion. On the basis of these results, the mechanism of inhibition of mechanical responses in surviving whole muscle was discussed.
著者
陳 韻如 都甲 さやか
雑誌
美術研究 = The bijutsu kenkiu : the journal of art studies
巻号頁・発行日
no.417, pp.1-42, 2016-01-21

“Bird-and-flower” and “landscape” subject matter had both already appeared in Chinese painting during the Tang dynasty. Despite differences from the perspective of discourse with landscape painting, which had developed its own, no specialized terminology for bird-and-flower painting had appeared at that time. Nevertheless, the history of bird-andflower painting from the Tang to Song dynasties is of great importance. This study analyzes significant results in the development of bird-and-flower painting between the Tang and Song dynasties (eighth to eleventh centuries). In doing so, the author has discovered that changes and developments in the idea of “landscaping” led to a process of incubation, formation, and development for bird-and-flower painting during the Tang to Song period. Several essential points in the study include the following. First, archaeological evidence from wall paintings reveals that, in the period between the eighth and ninth centuries, bird-and-flower subject matter developed out of the different categories of figure painting and decorative design. Second, the study shows the maturation of “natural landscaping” around the ninth and tenth centuries, in which refined scenery was arranged in a painting according to the nature of the things depicted therein, representing the beginnings for the foundation of an independent bird-andflower painting category. And third, with the achievements of such painters as Huang Quan and Huang Jucai in the latter half of the tenth century, the results originally in “natural landscaping” went through a period of change, leading to the pursuit of a further developments for a “fusion of feeling and setting” seen in the paintings of Cui Bo later in the eleventh century. This study points out that the construct of “painting surface” in bird-and-flower painting of the eleventh century differed from that of the previous generations. Not only did “units” develop according to the nature of things on the “painting surface,” an emphasis was placed on the relationship between these “units” to form a “fusion” of unity, thereby expressing further meaning and implication beyond the view of nature in the painting. The probe in this study of a series of developments explains the “transformations in bird-and-flower painting” in terms of trajectories, influences, and art-historical significance.
著者
佐瀬 竜一 サセ リュウイチ Ryuichi Sase
雑誌
国際研究論叢 : 大阪国際大学紀要 = OIU journal of international studies
巻号頁・発行日
vol.21, no.3, pp.55-72, 2008-03-31

This article discusses the possibility of applying cilinical psychology, especiallyautogenic training, to university education, suggesting that this might enable us togive broad support to students and reduce their stress. The article goes on to discussthe definition, effects and history of autogenic training and proposes that it should bewidely employed as a method of supporting university students, with application inthe fields of adaptation, health maintenance, learning and career guidance.

1 0 0 0 OA 最新中国事情

著者
真田 幸光
出版者
亜細亜大学アジア研究所
雑誌
アジア研究所所報
巻号頁・発行日
vol.113, pp.8-11, 2004
著者
真田 幸光
出版者
亜細亜大学アジア研究所
雑誌
アジア研究所所報
巻号頁・発行日
vol.146, pp.6-7, 2012
著者
呉 恩恵
出版者
東洋大学ライフデザイン学部
雑誌
ライフデザイン学紀要 = Journal of Human Life Design (ISSN:18810276)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.13, pp.49-76, 2018-03

韓国の精神保健福祉に関して日本では部分的に知られているが、現在に至るまでの流れや背景など全体的な紹介はされていない。本論文は、韓国の歴史、社会的背景から精神保健医療福祉の発達史や特徴をまとめたものである。 国史編集委員会の韓国史データベースから現代の精神疾患を表す「癲狂」をキーワードにして検索した結果、治療や刑事の対応に関する記録は見つかっても、公的機関や支援、取り組みについては特に記録が見つからなかった。 韓国の開花時期から日本の植民地時代、南北戦争(朝鮮戦争)を経て国外からの精神科医療やケア、医療職以外も入るようになった。しかし、戦後も経済成長が優先視され、精神障害者の人権は阻害されていた。このような状況の下でも、自主的参加型であるNGO団体精神保健研究会が設立され多様な分野の人が集まるようになった。1995年に初めて「精神保健法」が制定され、2016年の全面改正が2017年5月から施行されるようになった。世界の基準から見るとまだ課題はあるが、理念から世界の基準に近づけるよう変化が起こっている。 韓国史の文献から得られた精神疾患者への処遇や社会の変化から今後の韓国の精神保健福祉政策に関する展望を論じる。