著者
K
出版者
社団法人情報科学技術協会
雑誌
ドクメンテーション研究 (ISSN:00125180)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.32, no.4, pp.216-217, 1982-04-01
著者
K
出版者
社団法人情報科学技術協会
雑誌
ドクメンテーション研究 (ISSN:00125180)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.36, no.10, pp.507-508, 1986-10-01
著者
Sahin Mustafa Kebapcilar Levent Taslipinar Abdullah Azal Omer Ozgurtas Taner Corakci Ahmet Akgul Emin Ozgur Yavuz Taslipinar Mine Yazici Mahmut Kutlu Mustafa
出版者
The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine
雑誌
Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.48, no.1, pp.33-39, 2009
被引用文献数
21

<b>Objective</b> Obesity is currently a major public health problem and one of the potential underlying causes of obesity in a minority of patients is Cushing's syndrome (CS). Traditionally, the gold standard screening test for CS is 1 mg dexamethasone overnight suppression test. However, it is known that obese subjects have high false positive results with this test.<br> <b>Design</b> We have therefore compared the 1 mg and 2 mg overnight dexamethasone suppression tests in obese subjects. Patients whose serum cortisol after ODST was >50 nM underwent and a low-dose dexamethasone suppression test (LDDST); 24-hour urine cortisol was collected for basal urinary free cortisol (UFC). For positive results after overnight 1-mg dexamethasone suppression test we also performed the overnight 2-mg dexamethasone suppression test.<br> <b>Patients</b> We prospectively evaluated 100 patients (22 men and 78 women, ranging in age from 17 to 73 years with a body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m<sup>2</sup> who had been referred to our hospital-affiliated endocrine clinic because of simple obesity. Suppression of serum cortisol to <50 nM (1.8 μg/dL) after dexamethasone administration was chosen as the cut-off point for normal suppression.<br> <b>Measurements</b> Thyroid function tests, lipid profiles, homocysteine, antithyroglobulin, anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody levels, vitamin B12, folate levels, insulin resistance [by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)] and 1.0 mg postdexamethasone (postdex) suppression cortisol levels were measured.<br> <b>Results</b> We found an 8% false-positive rate in 1 mg overnight test and 2% in 2 mg overnight test (p=0.001). There was no correlation between the cortisol levels after ODST and other parameters.<br> <b>Conclusions</b> Our results indicate that the 2 mg overnight dexamethasone suppression test (ODST) is more convenient and accurate than 1-mg ODST as a screening test for excluding CS in subjects with simple obesity.<br>
著者
K
出版者
社団法人情報科学技術協会
雑誌
ドクメンテーション研究 (ISSN:00125180)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.32, no.4, 1982-04-01
著者
熊澤 徹
出版者
公益財団法人史学会
雑誌
史學雜誌 (ISSN:00182478)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.94, no.4, pp.482-511, 562-560, 1985-04-20

Amidst the wave of research that is furthering our understanding of blocs of consolidated villages (kumiai mura 組合村), which have been seen as middle level control mechanism within all the territories ruled by the Tokugawa Bakufu, this paper takes up widespread legal petitioning movements carried out by agricultural villages throughout the environs of Edo. In the eleveth month of 1789 (Kansei 寛政 1), a confederation of villages around Edo lodged a complaint with the Bakufu's Taxation and Judicature Functionary (Kanjo Bugyo 勘定奉行) in a legal attempt to bring about reductions in the price of fertilizer-use night soil. At its height, this legal battle brought together a total of 1016 villages, thus rivaling in scale provincial level legal struggles (kokuso 国訴) carried on in the Kinai region of western Japan. The night soil which had accumulated in the townships (machikata 町方) and samurai residential areas (yashiki-kata 屋敷方) of Edo proper was under contract (shimo-soji keiyaku 下掃除契約) collected by surrouding peasants as a valuable source of crop fertilizer. However, during the latter half of the eighteenth century, there appeared certain persons who attempted to capture night soil collection rights from peasants through contract price competition, which resulted in substantial increases in the contract prices offered to the residents of Edo proper. In response to this inflationary situation, the surrounding villages petitioned the Bakufu, based on such intervillage resolutions as bans on such competitive practices and the return of collection rights which had been taken away through such practices. The demands made to the Taxation and Judicature Functionary aimed at an autonomous system of night soil collection and included 1)official recognition of inter-village resolutions, 2)the prohibition of night soil collection by townsfolk not under the control of village administrators, and 3)recognition of contract price reduction negotiations and their dissemination throughout Edo proper. Four years later in the sixth month of 1792 (Kansei 4), a decision was handed down, which refused to recognize inter-village resolutions, but which prohibited townsfolk involvement in collecting and contracting activities, and recognized full agricultural villager control of night soil. Also during this four years period, organized groups of villages were successful in reducing through negotiation the contract price of night soil. After offering a general outline of the litigation movement as a whole, the author turns to the question of how this movement was organized. The most outstanding characteristic of this organization is the fact that it was a total consolidation of villages according to regional units called "ryo" 領 (territories) and irregardless of differences between various feudal lords which ruled over the regions. Ryos were middle level administrative units within the Edo environs and had been organized for the exaction of the various dues to be performed in relation to samurai falconing grounds. Various directives (furetsugi 触次) had been issued to these ryos concerning the control of their villages ; however, execution of these directives was left to a council of village adminitrators within the ryo (ryochu hyogi 領中評議). In the case of the night soil collection rights legal struggle of 1788, a total of 37 ryos took part and a group of 21 petitioning representatives were set up. These representatives, from their bositions on a representative council (ryoryo hyogi 領々評議), both looked into the policies taken by the movement and gave guidance to the villages in drawing up their resolution documents. Therefore, it was through the three levels of village assembly (mura yoriai 村寄合) --- ryo council (ryochu hyogi) --- ryo confederation council (ryoryo hyogi) that the demand of the peasants was taken up and a consensus was reached concerning an autonomous system of night soil collection. This consensus was reaffirmed th

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著者
K
出版者
社団法人情報科学技術協会
雑誌
ドクメンテーション研究 (ISSN:00125180)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.32, no.2, 1982-02-01
著者
H.K
出版者
社団法人情報科学技術協会
雑誌
ドクメンテーション研究 (ISSN:00125180)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.31, no.7, pp.312-313, 1981-07-01
著者
柳井 浩
出版者
公益社団法人日本オペレーションズ・リサーチ学会
雑誌
Journal of the Operations Research Society of Japan (ISSN:04534514)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.25, no.3, pp.249-281, 1982-09

我国の医療保険制度に於ける薬価基準の改訂法は、今期の実勢取引価格分布の90%点を以って、次期の薬価基準とする、いわゆる90%バルク・ライン法を中心としている。筆者らはすでに、薬価基準の推移を記述する数学モデルーうまみ巾ーモデルーを提起したが、本研究はこれを基礎として、さらに、2薬業者間の入札競争によって、納入価格が定まるモデルを構成し、一連のシミュレーションを行なって、その結果を検討したものである。すなわち、2薬業者は各々自社内で、はり値の下限ー限度価ーを設定し、薬価基準を上限として、この区間である分布にしたがってはり値を定め、これを医家に提示する。これに対し医家は、薬価基準とはり値の差額ーつまり医家の利益ーを2薬業者について比較し、その大なる方を購入するというモデルである。このモデルによって、180通りの条件の組合わせの各々について、5期間にわたって、薬価基準、市場占有率、粗利益等々を追跡した。特に、薬業者にとって、最も関心があるものと思われる、粗利益の累計に対して、各々の初期のうまみ巾(=初期薬価基準-(原価+流通経費))や限度価が、どのような影響を与えるかを、シミュレーションの結果から調べ、これを中心に薬業者が、営利企業として、どのような行動をとるのかについて推論を展開した。また、初期うまみ巾で不利な立場に立ったものが、値下げによって利益をふやそうとする行動の効果についても検討した。
出版者
日本医師会
雑誌
日本医師会雑誌 (ISSN:00214493)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.99, no.1, pp.p125-127, 1988-01-01
著者
関 良明 爰川 知宏 清水 明宏
出版者
一般社団法人電子情報通信学会
雑誌
電子情報通信学会論文誌. D-I, 情報・システム, I-情報処理 (ISSN:09151915)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.82, no.9, pp.1202-1209, 1999-09-25
被引用文献数
6

組織における知的生産性の向上と知的触発の拡大を図るため,コンピュータと通信ネットワークを利用した情報共有システムの研究開発を進めている.その一環として,個人が保有している断片的な情報をグループ内で共有するノウハウ蓄積システムFISH及び,その分散環境対応版であるGoldFISH,更にWebブラウザからの操作が可能なKINGFISHERを開発し,実験と分析を重ねてきた.その結果,実際の導入では障壁となる細かなユーザ登録や複雑なバッチ処理の設定などの改良すべき機能や,設計当初想定していなかったカスタマイズの要求などが明らかになった.これらの課題に対して本論文では,実運用システムとしての設計の基本方針を設定して,新たな情報連携モジュールFly-fishingを開発した結果を論述する.Fly-fishingは,情報間のリンクをあらかじめ生成するのではなく,情報参照時に動的なリンクを自動生成している.この方式の採用により,モジュール独立性が高まり,導入容易性とカスタマイズ容易性を確保している.本論文では更に,Fly-fishingの検索/表示/登録時間を用いて性能測定した結果を分析する.