著者

Tomita S. Andersen J. U. Bonderup E. Hvelplund P. Liu B. Brøndsted Nielsen S. Pedersen U. V. Rangama J. Hansen K. Echt O.

出版者

American Physical Society

雑誌

Physical review letters (ISSN:00319007)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.94, no.5, pp.053002, 2005-02

被引用文献数

38

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We have measured the near-infrared absorption spectrum for isolated C ions at room temperature. Two bands, at 9145 cm-1 and 10460 cm-1, have been identified in addition to the main absorption band at 9382 cm-1, seen also at low temperature in a matrix. An interpretation based on the theory of dynamic Jahn-Teller effects is proposed.

著者

Kokubo N. Kadowaki K. Takita K.

出版者

American Physical Society

雑誌

Physical review letters (ISSN:00319007)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.95, no.17, pp.177005, 2005-10

被引用文献数

57

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We present a mode locking (ML) phenomenon of vortex matter observed around the peak effect regime of 2H-NbSe2 pure single crystals. The ML features allow us not only to trace how the shear rigidity of driven vortices persists on approaching the second critical field, but also to demonstrate a dynamic melting transition of driven vortices at a given velocity. We observe the velocity dependent melting signatures in the peak effect regime, which reveal a crossover between the disorder-induced transition at small velocity and the thermally induced transition at large velocity. This uncovers the relationship between the peak effect and the thermal melting.

著者

Okada Susumu Oshiyama Atsushi

出版者

American Physical Society

雑誌

Physical review letters (ISSN:00319007)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.95, no.20, pp.206804, 2005-11

被引用文献数

45 43

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A total-energy electronic-structure calculation is performed to explore energetics and electronic structures of nanotubes adsorbed on metal surfaces. We find that the charge transfer from metal surfaces to the nanotubes takes place depending on both the electronic structures of the adsorbed nanotubes and the work functions of the metal surfaces. In addition, we also find a substantial hybridization between the electron states of metal atoms and those of the nanotubes, which results in the metal-induced inhomogeneous charge distribution in the nanotubes.

著者

Umeda T. Son N. T. Isoya J. Janzén E. Ohshima T. Morishita N. Itoh H. Gali A. Bockstedte M.

出版者

American Physical Society

雑誌

Physical review letters (ISSN:00319007)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.96, pp.145501, 2006-04

被引用文献数

70

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The metastability of vacancies was theoretically predicted for several compound semiconductors alongside their transformation into the antisite-vacancy pair counterpart; however, no experiment to date has unambiguously confirmed the existence of antisite-vacancy pairs. Using electron paramagnetic resonance and first principles calculations we identify the SI5 center as the carbon antisite-vacancy pair in the negative charge state (CSiV_C^-) in 4H-SiC. We suggest that this defect is a strong carrier-compensating center in n-type or high-purity semi-insulating SiC.

著者

Kanazawa Ken Taninaka Atsushi Takeuchi Osamu Shigekawa Hidemi

出版者

American Physical Society

雑誌

Physical review letters (ISSN:00319007)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.99, no.21, pp.216102, 2007-11

被引用文献数

15 13

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The structures of two competing phases and their interrelationship in the self-organization of glycine molecules on a Cu(100) surface were clarified. Despite their similar structural energies predicted using first-principles calculation, completely different mechanisms were found to stabilize the two phases. The balance and coordination of the two mechanisms that induce a variety of self-assembled structures in this attractive system were revealed. Furthermore, the importance of the microscopic arrangement of the molecules in designing the macroscopic electronic structures was directly demonstrated.

著者

高嶋 航

出版者

京都大学人文科学研究所

雑誌

人文學報 = The Zinbun Gakuhō : Journal of Humanities (ISSN:04490274)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.90, pp.79-111, 2004-04

著者

長岡 成夫

出版者

実践哲学研究会

雑誌

実践哲学研究 (ISSN:02876582)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, pp.19-36, 1997

著者

雲藤 等

出版者

早稲田大学大学院社会科学研究科

雑誌

社学研論集 (ISSN:13480790)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.116-131, 2010-09-25

著者

田村 憲司

巻号頁・発行日

2011

---

課題番号:20405002

著者

Sakakibara Jun Machida Nobuteru

出版者

American Institute of Physics

雑誌

Physics of fluids (ISSN:10706631)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.4, pp.041702, 2012-04

被引用文献数

32 9

---

We measured velocity distribution in cross sections of a fully developed turbulentpipe flow upstream and downstream of a 90◦ bend by synchronizing two sets ofa particle image velocimetry (PIV) system. Unsteady undulation of Dean vorticesformed downstream from the bend was characterized by the azimuthal position ofthe stagnation point found on the inner and outer sides of the bend. Linear stochasticestimationwas applied to capture the upstream flowfield conditioned by the azimuthallocation of the stagnation point downstream from the bend. When the inner-sidestagnation point stayed below(above) the symmetry plane, the conditional streamwisevelocity upstream from the bend exhibited high-speed streaks extended in a quasistreamwisedirection on the outer side of the curvature above (below) the symmetryplane.

著者

Ito T. Katanuma I.

出版者

American Institute of Physics

雑誌

Physics of Plasmas (ISSN:1070664X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.8, pp.082512, 2005-08-16

被引用文献数

5 4

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The neoclassical resonant plateau transport in a mirror cell is studied theoretically. The analytical expression for a non-square-well magnetic field is obtained. The analytical result is applied to the GAMMA10 tandem mirror [T. Cho, M. Yoshida, J. Kohagura et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 085002-1 (2005)], which consists of several mirror cells in it, and the confinement time due to the neoclassical resonant plateau transport is determined in each mirror cell. It is found that the neoclassical resonant transport of ions trapped in the nonaxisymmetric anchor mirror cell and transition mirror cells is significantly smaller than those trapped in the central cell.

著者

Sasagawa Y. Katanuma I. Mizoguchi Y. Cho T. Pastukhov V. P.

出版者

American Institute of Physics

雑誌

Physics of Plasmas (ISSN:1070664X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.12, pp.122506, 2006-12-18

被引用文献数

9 9

---

Magnetohydrodynamic stabilization of an axisymmetric mirror plasma with a magnetic divertor is studied. An equation is found for the flute modes, which includes the stabilizing influence of ion temperature anisotropy and nonparaxial magnetic fields, as well as a finite ion Larmor radius. It is shown that if the density profile is sufficiently gentle, then the nonparaxial configuration can stabilize all modes as long as ion temperature is radially uniform. This can be demonstrated even when the density vanishes on the separatrix and even for small ion Larmor radii. It is found, however, that the ion temperature gradient makes the unstable region wider; high ion temperature is required to stabilize the flute mode.

著者

Katanuma I. Yagi K. Nakashima Y. Ichimura M. Imai T.

出版者

American Institute of Physics

雑誌

Physics of Plasmas (ISSN:1070664X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.3, pp.032303, 2010-03

被引用文献数

8 7

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The computer code by reduced magnetohydrodynamic equations were made which can simulate the flute interchange modes (similar to the Rayleigh–Taylor instability) and the instability associated with the presence of nonuniform plasma flows (similar to the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability). This code is applied to a model divertor and the GAMMA10 [ M. Inutake et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 55, 939 (1985) ] with divertor in order to investigate the flute modes in these divertor cells. The linear growth rate of the flute instability determined by the nonlocal linear analysis agrees with that in the linear phase of the simulations. There is a stable nonlinear steady state in both divertor cells, but the nonlinear steady state is different between the model divertor and the GAMMA10 with divertor.

著者

Katanuma I. Yagi K. Haraguchi Y. Ichioka N. Masaki S. Ichimura M. Imai T.

出版者

American Institute of Physics

雑誌

Physics of plasmas (ISSN:1070664X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.11, pp.112506, 2010-11

被引用文献数

8 7

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The flute instability and the associated radial transport are investigated in the tandem mirror with a divertor mirror cell (the GAMMA10 A-divertor) with help of computer simulation, where GAMMA10 is introduced [ Inutake et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 55, 939 (1985) ]. The basic equations used in the simulation were derived on the assumption of an axisymmetric magnetic field. So the high plasma pressure in a nonaxisymmetric minimum-B anchor mirror cell, which is important for the flute mode stability, is taken into account by redefining the specific volume of a magnetic field line. It is found that the flute modes are stabilized by the minimum-B magnetic field even with a divertor mirror although its stabilizing effects are weaker than that without the divertor mirror. The flute instability enhances the radial transport by intermittently repeating the growing up and down of the Fourier amplitude of the flute instability in time.

著者

石倉 恵介 宮川 俊平 矢田部 佳久 竹越 一博 大森 肇

出版者

日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科學 (Japanese journal of physical fitness and sports medicine) (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.4, pp.475-484, 2008-08

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To determine the effect of taurine on blood glucose concentration during prolonged exercise, fifteen male university students cycled for 120 min at 50%VO2max after 7 days with or without taurine supplementation. Exercise tended to reduce the blood glucose concentration, whereas taurine significantly prevented this decline. Exercise significantly increased plasma glucagon concentrations in both groups to a similar degree. Serum insulin concentrations did not differ during exercise under both conditions. Taurine supplementation respectively significantly inhibited and tended to inhibit the plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline concentrations increased by exercise. These results suggest that taurine supplementation can maintain the blood glucose concentration during prolonged exercise through enhanced catecholamine sensitivity.

著者

Kakeya Hideki Sawada Shimpei

出版者

Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers

雑誌

Proc. SPIE, Three-Dimensional Imaging, Visualization (ISSN:0277786X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8043, pp.80430B, 2011

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In this paper realization of precise depth perception using coarse integral volumetric imaging (CIVI) is discussed. CIVI is a 3D display technology that combines multiview and volumetric solutions by introducing multilayered structure to integral imaging. Since CIVI generates real images optically, optical distortion can cause distortion of 3D space to be presented. To attain presentation of undistorted 3D space with CIVI, the authors simulate the optics of CIVI and propose an algorithm to show undistorted 3D space by compensating the optical distortion on the software basis. The authors also carry out psychophysical experiments to verify that vergence-accommdation conflict is reduced and depth perception of the viewer is improved by combining multiview and volumetric technologies.

著者

Sawada Shimpei Kakeya Hideki

出版者

Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers

雑誌

Proc. SPIE, Stereoscopic Displays and Applications XXII (ISSN:0277786X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7863, pp.78631L, 2011

被引用文献数

2

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Coarse integral volumetric imaging (CIVI) combines multiview and volumetric display solutions and presents undistorted floating 3D image by correcting distortion of volumetric image for each view. In the conventional CIVI with limited viewing angle, distortions of image planes can be approximated to be parabolic in the direction of depth, while those in horizontal and vertical directions can be ignored. When the viewing angle becomes wider, however, this approximation cannot realize presentation of undistorted image. To cope with the strong distortions, the method the authors propose calculate z-coordinate of the generated real image is in detail and depicts each pixel on the display panel of the corresponding depth. Also distortions in horizontal and vertical directions are corrected by using texture mapping. To attain precise correction in vertical, horizontal and depth directions, optical paths of light rays between the display panel and each viewpoint are calculated with an optical simulator. Color aberration can also be corrected by mapping red, green and blue textures separately based on the result of the optical simulation.

著者

Kurokawa Tomoya Kakeya Hideki

出版者

Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers

雑誌

Proc. SPIE, Stereoscopic Displays and Applications XXII (ISSN:0277786X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7863, pp.78631M, 2011

被引用文献数

3

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Coarse integral imaging (CII), where each elemental lens is large enough to cover pixels far more than the number of views, can show clear floating 3D image when distortion is corrected. One of the major problems left to be solved for CII is suppression of pseudo images that appear around the right image to be presented. In this paper we propose two methods to suppress pseudo images. We first propose use of a lens array with a small F number. When a lens array composed of elemental lenses whose F number is small is set in front of the display panel, pseudo images can be erased by total internal reflection on the outskirt of the large aperture lens because the angle of incidence of the light ray that generates pseudo images becomes larger. The second method we propose is use of a lens array behind the display panel paired with segmented backlight. When convex lenses are set in front of the backlight with limited aperture, leak of ray out to adjacent elemental lenses can be avoided. Since the backlight area is reduced, this method can also reduce consumption of electric power without diminishing brightness of the right image.

著者

Toh Kazuko Yoshitomi Toru Ikeda Yutaka Nagasaki Yukio

出版者

IOP PUBLISHING

雑誌

Science and technology of advanced materials (ISSN:14686996)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.6, pp.065001, 2011

被引用文献数

8

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Gene therapy has generated worldwide attention as a new medical technology. While non-viral gene vectors are promising candidates as gene carriers, they have several issues such as toxicity and low transfection efficiency. We have hypothesized that the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) affects gene expression in polyplex supported gene delivery systems. The effect of ROS on the gene expression of polyplex was evaluated using a nitroxide radical-containing nanoparticle (RNP) as an ROS scavenger. When polyethyleneimine (PEI)/pGL3 or PEI alone was added to the HeLa cells, ROS levels increased significantly. In contrast, when (PEI)/pGL3 or PEI was added with RNP, the ROS levels were suppressed. The luciferase expression was increased by the treatment with RNP in a dose-dependent manner and the cellular uptake of pDNA was also increased. Inflammatory cytokines play an important role in ROS generation in vivo. In particular, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α caused intracellular ROS generation in HeLa cells and decreased gene expression. RNP treatment suppressed ROS production even in the presence of TNF-α and increased gene expression. This anti-inflammatory property of RNP suggests that it may be used as an effective adjuvant for non-viral gene delivery systems.

著者

Turkoglu F Koseoglu H Demirhan Y Ozyuzer L Preu S Malzer S Simsek Y Müller P Yamamoto T Kadowaki K

出版者

IOP Publishing

雑誌

Superconductor science & technology (ISSN:09532048)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.12, pp.125004, 2012-10

被引用文献数

39 16

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We fabricated rectangular mesa structures of superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d (Bi2212) using e-beam lithography and Ar ion beam etching techniques for terahertz (THz) emission. c-axis resistance versus temperature (R–T), current–voltage (I–V) characteristics and bolometric THz power measurements were performed to characterize Bi2212 mesas. The emission frequency of mesas was determined using a Michelson interferometer setup which also demonstrates polarized emission. Interference patterns of THz radiation from Bi2212 mesas were detected by various detectors such as a liquid helium cooled silicon composite bolometer, a Golay cell and a pyroelectric detector. An emitted power as high as 0.06 mW was detected from Bi2212 mesas. For the first time, most of the pumped power was extracted as THz emission from a Bi2212 mesa. The radiation at 0.54 THz was detected using the Michelson interferometric setup.