著者

澤井 義次

出版者

宗教哲学会

雑誌

宗教哲学研究 (ISSN:02897105)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, pp.25-47, 2021-03-31 (Released:2021-11-02)

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This article is a hermeneutical attempt to clarify the characteristics of the perspective of Toshihiko Izutsu’s philosophical semantics and its characteristics, which constitute the method of his “Oriental Philosophy,” while referring to his study of Islamic thought. After his return to Japan from Tehran for the Iranian Revolution in 1979, Izutsu developed his philosophical reflections toward the construction of his “Oriental Philosophy.” In developing his ideas and framework of “Oriental Philosophy,” it is noteworthy that while writing his major work Consciousness and Essence (in Japanese, Ishiki to honshitsu), he developed his interpretation of the Qu’rān from the viewpoint of his Oriental Philosophy, characterized by the multi-layered structures of reality and consciousness. His philosophical reflection is characterized by the theory of semantic articulation by language, according to which the state of the absolutely unarticulated reality precedes that of every semantic articulation of reality. After he was invited to the Eranos Conference as a lecturer in 1967, he delivered his lectures there twelve times for the fifteen years. Through his creative “reading” of the traditional Oriental thoughts, Izutsu attempted to extract fundamental patterns of Oriental philosophical reflection and to construct “Oriental Philosophy” semantically on the basis of the “synchronical structuralization” (in Japanese, kyōjiteki-kōzōka) of Oriental thoughts.

著者

森 良太

出版者

宗教哲学会

雑誌

宗教哲学研究 (ISSN:02897105)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, pp.61-73, 2021-03-31 (Released:2021-11-02)

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How should the concept of justification, which was central to the ethical philosophy of Immanuel Kant (1724-1804), be positioned in the religious context? In Christianity, “justification” means that “a person is recognized as righteous by God.” However, in Kant’s philosophy, it can be realized only through human autonomy. In that sense, it is somewhat different from the Christian concept. The issue of “justification” has sparked controversy between Catholics and Protestants, since the Reformation in the 16th century. However, the adoption of the 1999 “Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification,” originally by Catholics and Lutherans and since then by other Protestant groups, has largely resolved this disagreement. Building on that “reconciliation,” this paper explores the possibility of a similar “reconciliation” between Kantian philosophy and Christianity by comparing the views of “justification” expressed by Kant and in the “Joint Declaration.” For Kant, “justification” flows from the ideal grace that enables human autonomy, whereas in the “Joint Declaration,” the grace of God itself provides the “justification.” But I argue that the difference can be the common ground for both at the same time. On that ground, I see the realization for reconciling the positions of Kant and Christianity.

著者

菅崎 香乃

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.2, pp.159-162, 2022-03-31 (Released:2022-03-31)

著者

石田 知子

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.2, pp.163-166, 2022-03-31 (Released:2022-03-31)

参考文献数

4

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.2, pp.167-170, 2022-03-31 (Released:2022-03-31)

著者

山下 智弘

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.2, pp.71-91, 2022-03-31 (Released:2022-03-31)

参考文献数

21

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This paper aims to defend McDowellʼs disjunctivism about perception from misunderstanding, to explain it in more detail, and to point out his own error. In section 1, I summarize disjunctivism and show that the common objection to it is based on a misunderstanding. Section 2 describes ideas that are useful in avoiding misunderstandings and then provides an argument for disjunctivism based on these ideas that are applicable not only to perceptual knowledge but to knowledge in general. In section 3, I explain how the content of section 2 is incompatible with McDowellʼs conception, and that McDowell misunderstands the nature of perception and thought. My conclusion is that perception is thinking.

著者

車田 研一

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.2, pp.113-118, 2022-03-31 (Released:2022-03-31)

参考文献数

4

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Those engaged in natural science have strong subliminal tendency to regard imaginary representations appearing in scientific descriptions as real objects, although they are not aware that such a spontaneous and tacit background toward the recognition of real objects could be induced by confusion in the use of lexica for theoretical conception and macroscopic observation. This short communication is to present an example where a typical imaginary representation is unknowingly transformed into a concrete scientific belief of a real object since its definitional expression involves the imaginary representation for the relevant theory.

著者

横路 佳幸

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.2, pp.119-138, 2022-03-31 (Released:2022-03-31)

参考文献数

20

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In this paper, I will present a way to reorganize constitutionalism,one of the major metaphysical positions on cases of spatially coincident things such as a bronze statue and the lump of bronze from which it is formed. After an overview of constitutionalism and its problems, I will construct a hylomorphist theory to revise the relation of constitution from two independent perspective of the metaphysical grounding concerning forms and matters and the mutual parthood of coincidents. It is only a sketch of basic ideas, but it would contribute to a new basis not only for a full explanation of the mechanism of constitution and but also for an ontology of bodies and persons.

著者

千葉 将希

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.2, pp.139, 2022-03-31 (Released:2022-03-31)

著者

飯塚 理恵

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.2, pp.143-146, 2022-03-31 (Released:2022-03-31)

参考文献数

2

著者

植原 亮

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.1, pp.105-1, 2021-09-30 (Released:2021-09-30)

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.1, pp.108-1, 2021-09-30 (Released:2021-09-30)

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.1, pp.111-1, 2021-09-30 (Released:2021-09-30)

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.2, pp.2-1, 2022-03-31 (Released:2022-03-31)

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.2, pp.336-340, 2021-03-31 (Released:2021-03-31)

著者

大石 敏広

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.1, pp.51-1, 2021-09-30 (Released:2021-09-30)

参考文献数

22

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The following statements represent an example of external world skepticism: (1) I know that I have hands only if I know that I am not a brain in a vat. (2) I do not know that I am not a brain in a vat. (3) Therefore, I do not know that I have hands. The first premise implies the closure principle. So, anti-skeptics argue that external world skepticism is false, as there are several counterexamples of the closure principle. This study aims to examine these counterexamples, contend their invalidity, and argue that external world skepticism is an attempt to transcend the everyday world, showing that its statements are not necessarily nonsense or false in terms of analogy and metaphor.

著者

竹内 泉

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.1, pp.73-1, 2021-09-30 (Released:2021-09-30)

参考文献数

7

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This study discusses the usages of independent and dependent variables. Independent variables are used in two ways: to denote the input to a function and to define a function. Correspondingly, dependent variables are used to hold the output of a function and to describe the relationship between the inputs and outputs of a function. When translating independent variables and dependent variables of mathematics into predicate logic, mathematical variables are mapped onto both variables and function symbols of predicate logic.

著者

古谷 公彦

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.2, pp.239-257, 2021-03-31 (Released:2021-03-31)

参考文献数

29

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The world of perception has the structural feature which we name the foreground influence. The influence clarifies the relation between the damages of brains and the conditions of the patients. Furthermore, the foreground influence explains the relation between the condition of the non-damaged brain and the looks of the world of perception. The foreground influence, which is not causal relation, makes landscape appear directly without representation. The information processing in brain operates as the foreground influence like many kinds of glasses. We will be able to realize the naturalization of mind only after we can clarify the physical nature of information and the virtual dimension which information processing produces.

著者

秋葉 剛史

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.2, pp.295-316, 2021-03-31 (Released:2021-03-31)

参考文献数

13

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This is a review essay on Daisuke Kachi's Agents: Contemporary Substance Ontology (sic. Shunjusha, 2018). The book develops and partially defends an ontology that takes the category of substance as the most fundamental one. The author provides in it a new perspective on substance, which consists in characterizing substances as bearers of what he calls “substance modalities” (of which there are four kinds, that stem from the factors of essence, power, past persistence, and future persistence respectively). The first part of this review essay gives an extended overview of Kachi's book while the second discusses some problems it may face.

著者

峯島 宏次

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.2, pp.321-323, 2021-03-31 (Released:2021-03-31)