著者

藤井 里咲 井本 佐保里 柳澤 壮一郎 西出 和彦

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.757, pp.547-556, 2019 (Released:2019-03-30)

参考文献数

7

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1. Background and purpose of the research Recently many companies and universities build and hold their own childcare facilities. The purpose of this research is to investigate the process of establishment and the method of management of childcare facilities at universities. 2. Methodology of the survey This research consists of three contents. 1) The literature survey about the background and history of childcare centers in Japan 2) The literature and Internet survey about the establishment situation of childcare facilities at universities 3) The interview survey about the methods of childcare and management at each university 3. Summary of the research 1) There were two types of childcare centers - nursery and daycare center. However, since 1960s, several types of childcare facilities have been established by various demands of childcare services. 2) The literature and Internet research show that not only employer-provided childcare service but also seven more types of childcare services currently exist at universities. 3) The interview survey shows that childcare services at universities can be further classified into five types depending on the management methods as explained below and in Table 4: Authorized Type 1: The university only provides the site but social welfare corporation builds the facility at the site of the university and manages the childcare policy. Since this type of childcare facility is run by an organization of the community, the centers accept both children of the community and the university staff and teachers. Authorized Type 2: The government and the university build the facility. The purpose of this facility is to provide not only childcare but also a new educational program. Therefore, the university manages the facility and government supports operating expenses. Unauthorized Type 1: The university holds all rights of management and administration of the childcare facilities. Therefore, the university can plan the facilities based on the childcare policy of its own even by adopting the childcare workers' suggestion. However, childcare workers have to be engaged in the management in addition to daily childcare services. Unauthorized Type 2: The university holds the right of management but outsources the childcare service to an outside specialty organization. The survey shows this type is the most pervasive and reasonable planning method for universities. However, childcare workers are obliged to adapt to the facility even if the design of the facility is sometimes not suitable for the childcare policy; for instance, problems lie in the line of flow of the childcare workers and the design of the rooms. Unauthorized Type 3: The university builds the facility and PTA manages the facility. The problem of this type is that the member of PTA changes to the graduation of the child. 4. Conclusion The survey shows that even one organization - a university - has various types of childcare facilities. This result suggests that universities and other organizations have various alternatives to establish childcare facilities in the future.

著者

蓮實 重彦 渡辺 武信 西出 和彦

出版者

一般社団法人日本建築学会

雑誌

建築雑誌 (ISSN:00038555)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.110, no.1367, pp.16-25, 1995-01-20

著者

冨安 亮輔 岡本 和彦 大月 敏雄 西出 和彦

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.706, pp.2799-2808, 2014-12-30 (Released:2015-01-30)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

9 8

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This study has two purposes. One is to clear the characteristics of refugees and their transition since disaster occurrence until occupancy of temporary housing from the viewpoint of the household attribute and the location of temporary housing. The other is to consider temporary housing in undamaged area through why to select and how to get information. The transition process of refuge was various. They changed place many times within the range of several hundred kilometers. The tendency was strong for elderly households. The temporary housing in undamaged area accepted refugees with various backgrounds, responding to their individual situations.

著者

江 文 菁 岡本 和彦 西出 和彦

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.727, pp.1887-1894, 2016 (Released:2016-09-30)

参考文献数

10

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1. Introduction Harmonious care home, which is often called “Toyama-style day care service, ” is a developing welfare system started in Toyama Prefecture in 2003, which offers appropriate services for everyone in a home-like atmosphere, regardless of their age or disabilities. This study aims to compare the interannual changes of users' activities and postures in two Toyama-style day care service centers which had been researched 3 years ago in order to find out what kind of space is important and needed in harmonious care home to accommodate diverse and aging users. 2. Methods In our last research, 4 centers (NI, FU, SI and OR) were selected through questionnaires and interview and our survey found that elderly is the main user in SI and OR. In this research therefore, NI and FU were selected to be compared with the old data. We observed, using the same method to the old research, the activity place and posture of users during day- care time by plotting users' and staff's locations, postures and behaviors on floor plan. 3. Results and Discussions Because there are more chairs and sofas in common space than in room space, users stay longer in common space. Users have lunch and tea in common space. While they play music, use computer and take a nap in room space. As there were more activities needing to sit on chairs, tables and beds in room space, so that fewer users stay by sitting on the flooring/carpet. Since there were beds in room space in 2010, users stay longer than lying in the common space. But in 2013, users stay lying in the common space become longer. One supposed reason is a new user who couldn't keep her posture was playing with towel lying on the carpet all day. Many of elderly used to sit on the floor before, however in 2013 they sit on the chair/wheelchair or lie down on the bed/carpet more. Because of accommodating not only new elderly with less healthy condition, but also existing users getting weaker every year, sitting on the floor is getting harder to be observed. The combination of chair, sitting floor and lying floor is good for diverse users, however the main furniture for these combinations is tend to be sofas/chairs or carpets/rugs. This combination should be easily changed in accordance with users' conditions. 4. Conclusions Findings are as follows: 1) Not only new users like severely handicapped, babies or small kids, but also existing users getting weaker should be considered. 2) Common space is most important because furniture layout is easily customized for accepting each posture according to users' conditions. Room space layout belongs to the characteristics of rooms. 3) It is needed to layout furniture like bed, tatami mat or carpet for severely handicapped who would like to share the common space with other users. As Toyama-style is supposed to accept divers users while most of them are elderly now, this flexibility found in this study should be shared among all Toyama-style centers.

著者

太幡 英亮 西出 和彦

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.620, pp.89-94, 2007-10-30 (Released:2017-02-25)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

2 5

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Physical and psychological properties of collective form of architecture in Harajyuku were analyzed on following 2 aspects. 1) Form and Elements....Model of the collective form was classified into "street" type and "area" type. And distribution of physical elements in the collective form was classified into "scattering" type and "closeness" type. 2) Evaluation....By using SD method with 24 couples of adjectives and correlation analysis, 3 evaluation axes are translated as meanings of "unity", "urbanity" and "amenity". And, identity of each collective form was analyzed by the evaluation of "similarity" in aggregation.

著者

金 ギョンミン 西野 亜希子 大島 史也 楊 舒〓 朴 晟源 廣瀬 雄一 大月 敏雄 西出 和彦

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

都市計画 (ISSN:18839363)

巻号頁・発行日

no.2014, pp.223-224, 2014-09-12

著者

西野 亜希子 佃 和憲 岡本 和彦 西出 和彦

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.700, pp.1283-1292, 2014-06-30 (Released:2014-07-15)

参考文献数

16

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The objectives of this study are to find out the actual situation of discharged patients' home modifications to mitigate the environmental gap between a recovery rehabilitation hospital and their own houses, as well as to identify their potential needs of house improvement. The results of this study shows: 1) Patients have many potential needs for home modification which is hard to be discovered by PT or OT at the one-time-only home inspection one month before discharge. 2)The typical suggestion from PT and OT is to install handrails while architectural expertise has limited opportunity to give professional advice, therefore their collaboration system should be established.

著者

大崎 淳史 関戸 洋子 仲谷 剛史 後藤 匠 西出 和彦

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.704, pp.2135-2142, 2014-10-30 (Released:2014-10-30)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1

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This paper reports the results of experiments in which two astronauts evaluate the volume and impression of the laboratory room and the storage room in the Japanese Experiment Module "Kibo" of the International Space Station under microgravity, and 29 students evaluate the volume and impression of the two mockup rooms on the ground. The results are as follows. 1) The volume of the storage room of ISS was overestimated, or the volume of the laboratory room was underestimated. On the other hand, both the volume of the two mockup rooms were evaluated almost exactly. 2) Both the storage room and the laboratory room of ISS were evaluated as being "spacious", "not oppressive", "calming" and "comfortable". On the other hand, the mockup of the storage room was evaluated as being "not spacious", "oppressive" and "calming", and that of the laboratory room was evaluated as being "spacious", "not oppressive" and "not comfortable".

著者

アワル ナンディニ 西出 和彦

出版者

人間・環境学会

雑誌

MERA Journal=人間・環境学会誌 (ISSN:1341500X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.1, 2012-07-30

著者

西出 和彦 大月 敏雄 冨安 亮輔

出版者

人間・環境学会

雑誌

MERA Journal=人間・環境学会誌 (ISSN:1341500X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.2, pp.24-28, 2014-03-20

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典型的な仮設住宅はコミュニティが形成されにくく高齢者や障がい者の外出を妨げるものが多い。この問題に対して、ウッドデッキにより段差なく各住戸の出入り口が向かい合う屋根付きアクセス空間をもつ「コミュニティケア型仮設住宅」が提案された。この提案を検証するために、入居後に居住者に対する行動観察調査とインタビューが行われた。居住者はデッキゾーンに私物を置きパーソナライズし、居場所とし、会話などの行為は他のゾーンに比べ多く観察された。インタビューによると知り合いの数もデッキゾーン内に多く、デッキゾーンはコミュニティ形成ができる空間ととらえられる意見がみられた。このようにコミュニティケア型仮設住宅のコミュニティ形成への効果が検証された。

著者

西出 和彦 初見 学 橋本 都子 込山 敦司 橋本 雅好 高橋 鷹志

出版者

東京大学

雑誌

基盤研究(A)

巻号頁・発行日

2001

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立体的な空間の広がりや形態に特徴がある居住空間において、実際に展開されている生活様態、人間の心理・生理に与える影響を明らかにすることを目的として、居住実態調査、実験室実験、および実際の居住空間での実験を行った。1、天井高や室空間形態に特徴のある居住空間を対象として居住実態調査を行い、実際の居住者の生活様態・意識の把握を行い、空間との関連を3次元的に考察した。(1)立体的にデザインされている住空間を対象とした調査を行い、空間と居住様態の関係を考察し、高さ方向の変化は住まい方に様々な影響を与えること、居住者による能動的な空間への働きかけの実態、天井の高い空間が質の豊かさをもたらす可能性について明らかにした。(2)空間構成に特徴のある住宅における居住者の入居から現在に至る環境移行の実態追跡調査を行い、居住者が自分たちにあった環境を創成してゆく過程を明らかにした。2,天井高や室空間形態に特徴のある実際の居住空間において、空間の容積、天井高、形状がどのような行為を可能にするか、どのような印象を与えるか等について実験を行った。3,室空間の天井高と容積、開口比率等に関するデータを収集し、室の機能、用途、使用人数、時代背景・文化と3次元空間・容積との関係という観点から現況の把握・整理を行った。以上の分析結果は、室空間の計画における容積という視点を取り入れた新たな尺度の提案を行うことを目指し、実践的な計画に向けた天井高や容積からみた室空間のデザイン理論の提案のための基礎となるものである。

著者

西出 和彦 大月 敏雄 大方 潤一郎 小泉 秀樹 羽藤 英二 岡本 和彦 廣瀬 雄一 佐藤 由美

出版者

東京大学

雑誌

基盤研究(A)

巻号頁・発行日

2010-04-01

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『超高齢社会に対応した地域建築機能再配置型都市再編システムの社会実験を通した構築』では、さまざまな居住環境を有し日本における多様な都市環境の縮図ともいえる千葉県柏市を主たる研究対象として、各種別の建物が果たす社会的性能を緻密な実態調査を通して抽出し、地域建築機能再配置型都市再編システムを具体化し、社会実験を通して超高齢社会対応型の新たな都市再編システムの構築を目指した。本研究の結果、公共空間には、近隣居住者同志が自然と地域を支えるコミュニティや居場所づくりの重要性が明らかになった。今後の高齢社会の問題を解決するためには、社会学・医学・リハビリ学など分野横断的な取り組みが必要となる。

著者

苅谷 哲朗 西出 和彦 高橋 鷹志

出版者

Architectural Institute of Japan

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.673, pp.511-520, 2012

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The author argues in the way of ideographic analysis concerning visual human images as interfaces between person and environment, that is compared with the way of nomothetic analysis which pursues objectivity and universality. The function of affective meaning is reconfirmed here, and the purpose of the study could be to pursue the aspect of the variety, multi-layering, and transaction of affective meaning. Analytical description of the scene was done in an environmental situation which could be said as a socio-ecological event. Then it is observed that the quality of the informations which belong to the affective meaning in the visual human images changes through perceptual cycles, and that it does not only control the person to person relationships and behavior settings at the spot but also gives non-ignorable influences to spatial arrangements and its architectural planning and design, as an important example of interface.

著者

江 文菁 佃 悠 藤井 容子 岡本 和彦 西出 和彦

出版者

一般社団法人日本建築学会

雑誌

学術講演梗概集. E-1, 建築計画I, 各種建物・地域施設, 設計方法, 構法計画, 人間工学, 計画基礎 (ISSN:13414518)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2010, pp.135-136, 2010-07-20

著者

前田 薫子 金 元圭 呉 冰炎 西出 和彦 松田 雄二 鯨井 康志

出版者

一般社団法人日本建築学会

雑誌

学術講演梗概集. E-1, 建築計画I, 各種建物・地域施設, 設計方法, 構法計画, 人間工学, 計画基礎 (ISSN:13414518)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2006, pp.859-860, 2006-07-31