著者

梅野 徹也 鉾井 修一 齋藤 宏昭 本間 義規

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.729, pp.951-959, 2016 (Released:2016-11-30)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1 2

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Most exterior walls of wooden residential buildings in Japan have a vented air space between the exterior cladding and insulation. This air space is designed to dehumidify exterior walls by discharging humidity to the outside and taking outdoor air into the walls, in order to decrease the risk of condensation on exterior walls in winter. Many studies have been carried out on vented air space, and the most effective thickness for dehumidification has been determined. However, most of these studies have only investigated the performance of vented air spaces under laboratory conditions, and the characteristics of vented air spaces in the field have not been clarified. Our previous study clarified the characteristics of ventilation volume through the vented air space based on field measurements. This study continues that work by reporting on the hygro-thermal characteristics of vented air space. Temperature and humidity were measured in an experimental house built in Iwate prefecture, and the hygro-thermal characteristics of the vented air space were verified. Temperature and humidity in the vented air space were affected by the outdoor temperature and humidity during most periods of time, except when the wall was exposed to solar radiation. Indoor temperature and humidity had less of an effect on the vented air space, because the walls of the experimental house are well insulated and highly moisture proof. The temperature of the vented air space is 20 or 30 degrees higher than the outdoor temperature when exposed to the sun during the day, and the humidity of the vented air space also rises. It is thought that the rise in humidity is due to moisture desorption from the exterior cladding. The vented air space of the east wall that is exposed to the sun in the early morning tends to have high humidity for a short time because moisture desorption from exterior cladding occurs when the temperature of the wall is low. Solar radiation on the wall also produces a temperature difference between the vented air space and the outside that is one of the driving forces of ventilation in the vented air space. So ventilation volume tends to be high when the wall is exposed to the sun, and low at night time. This means that ventilation volume in the vented air space is high during moisture desorption from the exterior wall cladding and low during moisture absorption. As a result, most of the desorbed moisture from the exterior cladding is discharged well by the ventilation, and the absolute humidity in the vented air space is kept lower than that outdoors. Through long-term measurement of the hygro-thermal characteristics of the vented air space, it was shown that absolute humidity of the vented air space is lower on the average than the outdoor air due to daily variation in ventilation volume and moisture absorption by the exterior cladding. A numerical simulation was conducted and the results of the field survey were simulated. The hygro-thermal characteristics of the vented air space, moisture absorption by the exterior cladding and drying of the vented air space over the long term were generally confirmed.

著者

梅野 徹也 鉾井 修一 齋藤 宏昭 本間 義規

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.694, pp.909-916, 2013-12-30 (Released:2014-07-10)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

2 2

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Most exterior walls of wooden residential buildings in Japan have vented air space between the exterior cladding and the insulation, which is designed to dehumidify the exterior walls by discharging humidity to the outside and taking outdoor air into the walls, with the purpose of decreasing the risk of condensation in exterior walls in winter. Several studies have been carried out on the vented air space, and the most effective thickness for dehumidification has been determined. However, most of these studies have only investigated the performance of vented air spaces under laboratory conditions, and the characteristics of vented air spaces in a field environment have not been clarified. The driving forces of the airflow in the vented air space are the buoyancy force due to the temperature difference between the outdoor air and the vented air space and the wind pressure. However, few studies have dealt with the influence of wind pressure. Since the velocity and the direction of the wind change irregularly, it is difficult to estimate the ventilation volume due to the wind. The objective of this study is to survey the ventilation volume through the vented air space and to investigate the effect of the driving force of the ventilation, which are buoyancy force and wind. Measurements have been carried out on the vented air space in an experimental wooden house that has several types of vented air spaces. The correlation between the ventilation volume and the driving force was discussed.

著者

鉾井 修一 原田 和典 小椋 大輔

出版者

京都大学

雑誌

萌芽研究

巻号頁・発行日

2005

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森林による二酸化炭素の固定と木炭の製造・貯蔵というCO2固定化プロセス、水およびエネルギー循環、排出量取引などの国際的な取決め・経済・社会システムをトータルに考えたシステムの提案と、提案するシステムの可能性を探ることを目的とする。そのために、本研究では以下の事項についての検討を行う。1.木炭化により固定し得る二酸化炭素(炭素)量の評価と炭化プロセスにおけるエネルギー収支の把握 2.木材供給システム、木炭製造プロセスおよび木炭貯蔵システムの検討と木炭貯蔵可能量の予測 3.木炭の吸放湿性を利用した室内湿度制御と健康との関係についての検討 4.木材および炭化後の木材の耐火性能についての評価 5.二酸化炭素固定化を認定・評価する国際的なシステムの提言今年度は以下の研究を行った。1.森林における物質収支、エネルギー収支についての基礎資料を収集し、二酸化炭素固定量の評価、木炭の製造に利用可能な木材量を把握する。2.代表的な木炭製造プロセスのエネルギー関係、木炭の収率、材種との関係などを整理し、その特徴を評価する。これにより、木炭化により固定し得る二酸化炭素(炭素)量を評価する。3.木炭貯蔵が可能な場所をリストアップし、その貯蔵可能量を見積もるとともに、木炭生産地と貯蔵地との間の最適な輸送システムについて検討する。4.木材および炭化後の木材の耐火性能についての評価を行う。5.壁の吸放湿性を利用した建物内湿度の調整と空調による湿度調整との関連について調査・整理する。

著者

宗本 順三 鉾井 修一 張本 和芳 吉田 哲 高野 俊吾

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.551, pp.85-92, 2002-01-30 (Released:2017-02-04)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

9 6

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In this study, we find combination of building materials and construction methods to reduce environmental loads (LCCO_2, final waste, LCC) with using genetic algorithms system which is developped to select those combination. We apply the system to "the standard building model (often used at calculating thermal load)", and search combinations to minimize each value through life cycle. Then we can find combinations to reduce a11 values at the same time by the system using "restriction method". Each value is much less than each of house which has enough thermal insulating material to satisfy "standard by energy conservation next generation".

著者

吉本 衣里 伊庭 千恵美 鉾井 修一

出版者

一般社団法人日本建築学会

雑誌

学術講演梗概集 (ISSN:18839363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2015, pp.519-520, 2015-09-04

著者

鉾井 修一 小掠 大輔

出版者

京都大学

雑誌

挑戦的萌芽研究

巻号頁・発行日

2011

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インドネシア・スラバヤとマレーシア・クアラルンプールの住宅を対象として、日常の生活状況やエアコン使用に関する意識調査と住宅の温湿度測定を行い、これらの地域の人々が現在どのような温湿度条件下で生活し、どのような温湿度を快適と感じているのかその実態を調べた。睡眠時に寒いと感じる低い設定温度を選択していること、またそのようなエアコンの運転に伴い様々な健康問題も生じていることを明らかにした。

著者

鉾井 修一 朽津 信明 宇野 朋子 小椋 大輔

出版者

京都大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2006

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東南アジアでは、多くの石造・レンガ造文化遺産が植物および微生物による被害を受けている。本研究では、遺物に及ぼす藻類の影響を検討し、藻類の成長予測モデルの提案を目的とした。具体的には、スコータイ(タイ国)の大仏を対象として、藻類の成長に及ぼす環境の影響について検討を行った。藻類の成長予測には藻自身の含水率を予測することが重要であることを明らかにするとともに、環境条件を考慮した藻類の成長モデルを提案し、その妥当性を検証した。

著者

村上 周三 坊垣 和明 田中 俊彦 羽山 広文 吉野 博 赤林 伸一 井上 隆 飯尾 昭彦 鉾井 修一 尾崎 明仁 石山 洋平

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.603, pp.93-100, 2006

被引用文献数

12 26

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In order to obtain the fundamental information for discussing residential energy saving strategies, long-term investigation of detail energy consumption and indoor climate Have been done in 2002 to 2003 for 80 dwellings, including detached houses and apartments, in six districts of Japan. The occupant's behavior and building thermal performance were also investigated. Energy consumption for each appliance was measured as much as possible. This paper reports the description of all houses measured and the end use structure of annual energy consumption. The main results are following; 1) In Hokkaido, Tohoku and Hokuriku districts, the annual energy consumption for many houses was more than 60GJ but such houses were very few in other districts. 2) The houses measured in Hokkaido and Hokuriku districts consumed almost the same amount of energy for space heating, cooling and mechanical ventilation as that for hot water supply. But in other districts, the share of energy consumption for hot water supply is the largest. 3) The annual energy consumption increased with the decrease in annual mean outdoor temperature. But the contribution rate is not large as 0.4.