著者

森山 修治 長谷見 雄二 小川 純子 佐野 友紀 神 忠久 蛇石 貴宏

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.637, pp.233-240, 2009-03-30 (Released:2009-11-24)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

4 5

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In view of the rapid large scale development of underground in the central big cities, especially around terminal stations, evacuation experiments have been conducted with 79 subjects using an underground shopping mall near Tokyo Station actually in service after business hours. Four groups of 20 subjects started from different locations and time to “escape” from any of emergency exits was measured for each subject. 12 out of the 79 subjects wore elderly simulator to compare evacuation behavior of elderly and that of younger people. The evacuation behavior was also monitored by video cameras and escape route of each subject was reproduced afterwards. Five experiments were conducted using the lighting conditions and layout of emergency exits as parameters. The starting point was changed from experiment to experiment, not making any subject repeat similar selection of escape route. The shopping mall is composed of grid of passages, and is installed with escape route sign lights on every passage according to Fire Service Law. In every experiment, it was observed that considerable portion of subjects did not select right passage toward nearest exit at intersection nor passed over right exits. These are not compliant with widely accepted assumption for deterministic modeling of evacuation in mall-like facility. Factors dictating the probability to select right passage at intersections and that to recognize emergency exit are analyzed from the experimental data.

著者

長谷見 雄二 重川 希志依

出版者

Japan Association for Fire Science and Engineering

雑誌

日本火災学会論文集 (ISSN:05460794)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.1, pp.7-14, 1981 (Released:2012-11-26)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

4

---

The conventional radiation tolerance criterion of people for the evacuation planning in city fire, taken for 2050kcal/m2h (2.38kW/m2), was determined after the wartime test, where are assumed some problems in radiation measurement. This report aims at examining this criterion, and an attempt was made to measure the endured time of the subjects exposed opposite to radiation heating panel. The posture of the subjects was determined supposing that it would be most disadvantageous for people in big fire, and the endured time is defined here as the time until a subject gets away according to his own judgement. These test conditions are almost similar with those of the wartime test of Usui. As shown in Fig. 3, our test result indicates that the endured time of each subject for a radiation intensity is much longer than that of the wartime tests. However, regarding that the endured time generally drops very rapidly between about 1800kcal/m2h and 2300kcal/m2h, the radiation tolerance criterion as an engineering index for evacuation planning should be taken for a value safer than the conventional criterion. The temperature of cheak surface of each subject was also measured with radiation thermometer, and it was found that the cheak surface temperature drops quite rapidly by the sweating on face. Though the pre-pain time of our tests agrees considerably well with those of the classical physiolosical studies by Buettner and Hardy, it was found that the endured time in our sense is much longer than the pre-pain time.

著者

礒部 真緒 神谷 美晴 片寄 慎也 土屋 伸一 長谷見 雄二

出版者

一般社団法人日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会関東支部研究報告集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, pp.685-688, 2016-03-01

著者

比嘉 静 熊谷 考文 森井 雄史 腰原 幹雄 林 康裕 長谷見 雄二

出版者

一般社団法人日本建築学会

雑誌

学術講演梗概集. C-1, 構造III, 木質構造, 鉄骨構造, 鉄骨鉄筋コンクリート構造 (ISSN:1341447X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2008, pp.57-58, 2008-07-20

著者

木の建築フォラム大規模木造体育館火災調査団 長谷見 雄二 鍵屋 浩司 北後 明彦 宮武 敦

出版者

一般社団法人 日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会技術報告集 (ISSN:13419463)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.17, pp.209-212, 2003-06-20 (Released:2017-04-14)

参考文献数

4

---

Fire of an approximately 1,000m^2 wooden gymnasium is investigated with the interest in the verification of the fire safety design for heavy timber construction based on the insulation effect of char layer and in the mechanism of the fast fire spread from the activation of fire alarm to flashover. The conventional char layer growing velocity, 0.6mm/min, is supported from investigation of the remaining components. The fast fire spread is attributed to the full burning of the partition wall.

著者

池田 紗英子 長谷見 雄二 安井 昇 中山 葉月

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会関東支部研究報告集

巻号頁・発行日

no.81, pp.533-536, 2011-03

著者

古川 容子 佐野 友紀 土屋 伸一 藤井 皓介 佐藤 泰 畠山 雄豪 長谷見 雄二

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.728, pp.845-853, 2016

被引用文献数

3

---

&nbsp;Recently, enrollments in nursery schools have become higher and higher. This is largely due to the social progress of women, with the increasing number of working mothers. Additionally, the number of three-generation households is decreasing. Nursery schools are traditionally low-rise structures, with a playground, but deregulation of the law now allows for the placement of nursery schools in middle floors of high-rise buildings. In Japan, the ages of nursery school students are generally from infancy to five-years old, which means that they can't evacuate the premises by themselves during a fire, so we must research ways to evacuate them safely. And the scheme of planning safe evacuations from buildings has not been sufficiently researched, so we have investigated the practice of fire drills and have interviewed teachers and students of nursery schools. The following is what we have learned:<br>&nbsp;(1)Characteristics of evacuation ;drills of nursery schools: Students evacuate in class groups, lead by their teachers, who provide the indications. Time is needed for evacuation preparation (setting up strollers, gathering infants and preparing to carry them out, and giving instructions regarding exiting, etc., ) and before starting evacuation, and time for confirming the numbers of students, and waiting time is needed when they are evacuating, so these times must be considered in the calculation of evacuation time.<br>&nbsp;(2)The characteristics of evacuation abilities of nursery school students : Infants (up to one-year old), and students who can't easily walk by themselves must be carried by a nurse or other adults, which makes evacuation movements and management after evacuation more manageable. Two-year-old students are able to walk alright on their own but cannot sufficiently grasp the situation. It's difficult to follow the teachers' instructions, so a lot of assistances are need. Children aged three and over can, of course, walk even better, and can grasp the severity of a fire. But they tend to walk more slowly as they feel frightened in cases when they are at earlier age, or they have to take an escape route that they are not familiar with. In order to shorten evacuation time, older students should evacuate first, as they can walk faster than younger students, thus their escape time won't be hindered by slower evacuees.<br>&nbsp;(3)Notes of buildings that include a nursery school: Regarding the situation of using stairways for evacuation, there are many points of concern regarding the safety of children. Because there are many dangerous points related to stairways, such as the fact that stairways often arouse fear in younger students during emergency evacuation, and as a result they walk more slowly. Consequently, older students try to pass the younger, slower students. Especially in cases when a nursery school is on a middle floor of a multi-use building, there is a possibility that confusion is caused among the evacuating children who walk slowly, along with their teachers, as evacuating people from other facilities mix with people evacuating from the nursery school. Thus, having a dedicated set of stairs for children is better. In addition, nursery schools that are in existing buildings that were not designed to accommodate nursery schools, have higher handles and the height of steps rise.<br>&nbsp;(4)Decreasing evacuation route length: Due to the fact that nursery school students' bodies and minds are not fully developed, their circumstances during a fire are more severe than those for adults. Thus, nursery schools should be on lower floors of buildings or should have their own buildings. Also the distance from the rooms to the temporary evacuation place should be as short as possible

著者

豊川 斎赫 長谷見雄二

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会技術報告集

巻号頁・発行日

no.66, pp.1033-1038, 2021-06

著者

長谷見 雄二

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

建築雑誌 (ISSN:00038555)

巻号頁・発行日

no.1274, pp.78-79, 1988-07

著者

古川 容子 佐野 友紀 土屋 伸一 藤井 皓介 佐藤 泰 畠山 雄豪 長谷見 雄二

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.728, pp.845-853, 2016 (Released:2016-10-30)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

3

---

Recently, enrollments in nursery schools have become higher and higher. This is largely due to the social progress of women, with the increasing number of working mothers. Additionally, the number of three-generation households is decreasing. Nursery schools are traditionally low-rise structures, with a playground, but deregulation of the law now allows for the placement of nursery schools in middle floors of high-rise buildings. In Japan, the ages of nursery school students are generally from infancy to five-years old, which means that they can't evacuate the premises by themselves during a fire, so we must research ways to evacuate them safely. And the scheme of planning safe evacuations from buildings has not been sufficiently researched, so we have investigated the practice of fire drills and have interviewed teachers and students of nursery schools. The following is what we have learned: (1)Characteristics of evacuation ;drills of nursery schools: Students evacuate in class groups, lead by their teachers, who provide the indications. Time is needed for evacuation preparation (setting up strollers, gathering infants and preparing to carry them out, and giving instructions regarding exiting, etc., ) and before starting evacuation, and time for confirming the numbers of students, and waiting time is needed when they are evacuating, so these times must be considered in the calculation of evacuation time. (2)The characteristics of evacuation abilities of nursery school students : Infants (up to one-year old), and students who can't easily walk by themselves must be carried by a nurse or other adults, which makes evacuation movements and management after evacuation more manageable. Two-year-old students are able to walk alright on their own but cannot sufficiently grasp the situation. It's difficult to follow the teachers' instructions, so a lot of assistances are need. Children aged three and over can, of course, walk even better, and can grasp the severity of a fire. But they tend to walk more slowly as they feel frightened in cases when they are at earlier age, or they have to take an escape route that they are not familiar with. In order to shorten evacuation time, older students should evacuate first, as they can walk faster than younger students, thus their escape time won't be hindered by slower evacuees. (3)Notes of buildings that include a nursery school: Regarding the situation of using stairways for evacuation, there are many points of concern regarding the safety of children. Because there are many dangerous points related to stairways, such as the fact that stairways often arouse fear in younger students during emergency evacuation, and as a result they walk more slowly. Consequently, older students try to pass the younger, slower students. Especially in cases when a nursery school is on a middle floor of a multi-use building, there is a possibility that confusion is caused among the evacuating children who walk slowly, along with their teachers, as evacuating people from other facilities mix with people evacuating from the nursery school. Thus, having a dedicated set of stairs for children is better. In addition, nursery schools that are in existing buildings that were not designed to accommodate nursery schools, have higher handles and the height of steps rise. (4)Decreasing evacuation route length: Due to the fact that nursery school students' bodies and minds are not fully developed, their circumstances during a fire are more severe than those for adults. Thus, nursery schools should be on lower floors of buildings or should have their own buildings. Also the distance from the rooms to the temporary evacuation place should be as short as possible

著者

岡田 尚子 長谷見 雄二 森山 修治 岡本 衣未

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.668, pp.855-862, 2011-10-30 (Released:2012-01-25)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

1 1

---

A series of on-site experiments are conducted on the upward evacuation by escalator of groups of 50 subjects including 12 simulated aged people. Two escalators, 49.5m long and 22m tall one, and 12.3m long and 5.7m tall one with parallel stairs in a large convention facility in downtown Tokyo, were used. The experiments revealed the following.1. Upward walking velocity on a still escalator, 0.78-0.79m/s for normal subjects, is nearly identical with that on normal stairs.2. Upward walking velocity on an escalator running at 0.50m/s is reduced by 5-10% from that on a still escalator.3. Upward walking velocity is virtually independent from the distance from the entrance within the range of 22m in height for normal and simulated aged pedestrians in spite of the height and length of each step significantly larger than those of stairs.4. Effective flow coefficient at the entrance is around 1.15 persons/ms for a still escalator and 1.78p/ms for a one running at 0.50m/s.5. The effective flow coefficient at the entrance of an escalator is reduced by the increase of the escalator length for the local congestions generally seen in long escalators.

著者

加來 千紘 長谷見 雄二 安井 昇 保川 みずほ 上川 大輔 亀山 直央 小野 徹郎 腰原 幹雄 長尾 博文

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会構造系論文集 (ISSN:13404202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.701, pp.1065-1072, 2014-07-30 (Released:2014-09-30)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

2 10

---

Young's modulus and bending strength of 3 species of wood commonly used for engineered wood and Zelkova, hardwood normally used for traditional large building, heated up to 250℃ are measured at the elevated temperature and after cooling to the room temperature as an engineering basis for the structural fire safety design and the reusability diagnosis of large-scale timber buildings. The results show the both properties, either at elevated temperature or after cooling, are highly dependent on exposed temperature for 150-200℃ or higher, and correlation between the Young's modulus and the bending strength tends to become weaker with rise of exposed temperature. The bending strength at elevated temperature is found to converge while it is notably scattered at normal temperature.

著者

平井 宏幸 長谷見 雄二 安井 昇 木村 忠紀 山本 幸一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会構造系論文集 (ISSN:13404202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.625, pp.489-495, 2008-03-30 (Released:2008-10-31)

参考文献数

5

---

Fire resistance tests have been conducted to develop wooden floor-beam assemblies of 45 minutes fire resistance for design loading conditions based on Japanese traditional post and beam construction. The tests were initiated with a 2m x 3m floor specimen consisting of six 1m x 1m small specimens of different specifications including four designs with beams exposed to the lower floor and two designs with ceiling panel beneath the beam to verify the integrity and thermal penetration through the floor panels. Beams to bear with the standard loading for domestic use and assemblies for 45 minutes standard fire exposure were then designed with the vertical deflection as the temporary index for compliance with the fire resistance standard. Large scale loaded fire tests were conducted on two designs, one with bare beam and another with ceiling panel, resulting in the achievement of 45 minutes prevention of flame and thermal penetration or buckling.

著者

古川 容子 土屋 伸一 稲原 攝雄 長谷見 雄二

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.581, pp.9-14, 2004-07-30 (Released:2017-01-27)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

6

---

To inspect the suitability of using the ordinary wearing elderly simulator, which is called "INSTANT-SENIOR", instead of senior, the walking time and the behavior of the group with the ordinary and "INSTANT-SENIOR" are compared with those of the ordinary and senior. As the result, we concluded that "INSTANT-SENIOR" is available as the subject to model the walking behavior of the group evacuation from the point that they become obstacles to the ordinary as the senior do and they won't change the speed during the repeated experiments. Therefore, the experiment of the group evacuation using "INSTANT-SENIOR" as subject is shown in this paper.

著者

大川 亮 井田 敦之 土屋 伸一 長谷見 雄二

出版者

一般社団法人日本建築学会

雑誌

学術講演梗概集. A-2, 防火,海洋,情報システム技術 (ISSN:13414445)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2009, pp.121-124, 2009-07-20

著者

入江 正之 小松 幸夫 長谷見 雄二 田辺 新一 輿石 直幸 小松 幸夫 長谷見 雄二 田辺 新一 輿石 直幸 田中 彌壽雄 山森 誠 島田 斉 宗田 進史

出版者

早稲田大学

雑誌

基盤研究(A)

巻号頁・発行日

2007

---

スペイン、カタルニャ州のファッチェス離村集落にある18世紀末建設の伝統的石造民家マジア残存遺構の修復・再生の第二段階の完成、建築材料・工法分析、および温熱環境および室内空気質等の環境工学的計測のまとめ、建築作品「実験装置/masia2008」として紹介し、更にひとつを建築デザインワークショップ棟に、もうひとつをマジア農民資料館棟とした。この研究対象のある当該市庁を介した日本とスペインの国際的学術文化交流の実現を果たした。

著者

長谷見 雄二 山田 常圭 金森 道 李 海峰

出版者

早稲田大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2001

---

本研究は、環境共生建築のひとつの手法として注目されているアトリウム型建築とダブルスキン型建築について、自然換気と煙制御を両立させる技術的可能性を検討した。環境共生や省エネルギーの要求などから、自然換気の活用への期待が高まっているが、火災安全の視点からは、このように自然換気を促進するための開放的な空間構成は、火災時には、煙の流動拡大を引き起こし、全館に人命危険を及ぼすおそれが大きいため、特殊な例を除いてはなかなか普及していない。この実状は、自然換気システムは、今後、必要性を増すと考えられるにも関わらず、それに適した煙制御計画手法が未整備なままであることが、その適用を特殊な条件に限定し、普及や技術的展開を阻んでいることを浮き彫りにするものである。そこで、本研究は、自然換気と煙流動が同一の流体力学的原理-煙突効果に支配されることに注目し、新たな視点から、ソーラーチムニーによる自然換気システムをほぼそのまま煙制御システムとして利用する設計概念を提示して、その有効性・妥当性を模型実験と数値計算により実証した。本システムでは自然換気のシステムを煙制御に対しても用いることになるので、火災時にも機械の力を頼らずに自然換気システムのポリシーを一貫にしたうえ、設備・しくみが煙制御のためだけのものでない分、コスト的に有利になるものという二次的な効用も得られると考えられる。意匠・空間計画に対しては、排煙設備や遮煙シャッターなどが軽減・省略できるという観点では、本システムは有利なものであるといえる。本研究の成果に基づいて、現在の一般的なアトリウム型建築・ダブルスキン型建築に著しい改変を及ぼすことなく、火災安全性能を確保できるため、今後、自然換気を活用した環境共生・省エネルギーと火災安全性の両立を実現させる建築を普及させていくことが期待される。

著者

津本 達矢 森山 修治 長谷見 雄二 藤澤 寛久 平田 裕信 山崎 彩加

出版者

一般社団法人日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会関東支部研究報告集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, pp.529-532, 2011-03-01

著者

長谷見 雄二

出版者

一般社団法人日本建築学会

雑誌

建築雑誌 (ISSN:00038555)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.121, no.1541, pp.26-27, 2006-01-20