著者

成田 憲二 Mertia R.S. Kumar Shuresh 市河 三英 古川 昭雄

出版者

JAPAN SOCIETY OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY

雑誌

Tropics (ISSN:0917415X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.1, pp.105-114, 1997-10-30

---

インドのタール膿内の轍地(年降水量150mm)および半乾燥地(同450mm)の草本植生において,ヒツジの被食が草本群集の構成と被度に与える影響を被食圧の勾配に沿って調査した。両調査地1ヘクタール当たり8,6,3頭とコントロールの4段階の被食圧のプロットを設定し,ヒツジの導入後の季節変化を種構成,被度について調査した。草本植生の被度,構成種数共に半乾燥地の方が高く,季節変化も少なかった。乾燥地の植生は被度の季節変動が大きく,ヒツジによる被食の影響は乾燥地でより強く現れた。乾燥地では,雨期中期に優占する一年生広葉草本Indigofera属の3種がヒツジの被食に応じて被度が減少し,この3種の変動だけで被食による群集全体の被度影響の92.5%が説明された。半乾燥地にもこれらの種が生育していたが被度も低く,また,被食圧に沿った被度の減少は見られなかった。

著者

Jeremy A. Gentles William G. Hornsby Howard S. Gray Jonathan A. Miller Andrew R. Dotterweich Charles A. Stuart Michael H. Stone

出版者

Active Aging Research Center

雑誌

Journal of Trainology (ISSN:21865264)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.1, pp.25-31, 2015-06-18 (Released:2015-07-06)

参考文献数

47

被引用文献数

3

---

Objectives: This study investigated chronic changes in cell free DNA (cf-DNA) throughout a collegiate soccer season. The relationship between cf-DNA, C-reactive protein (CRP), creatine kinase (CK), testosterone (T), cortisol (C), testoster one-cortisol ratio (T:C), body mass and body composition were also examined. Design: Longitudinal study design with repeated measures and group comparisons. Methods: Twenty three NCAA Division I male soccer players were divided into two groups. Starters were placed in Group 1 (G1) and non-starters were placed in Group 2 (G2). cf-DNA, CRP, CK, T, C, T:C, body mass and body composition were taken three times, corresponding to pre-season, approximately mid-season and immediately after the concluding the season. Results: In G1, cf-DNA, CRP, CK, cf-DNA %∆, CRP %∆ and, CK %∆ were all statistically higher at T2 and T3 than T1. In G2, CRP %∆ was statistically higher at T2 than T1. In G2, cf-DNA %∆, CRP %∆ and CK %∆ were higher at T2 and T3 than T1. Conclusions: This suggests that cf-DNA may be a useful marker that can reflect accumulated soccer training and competi tive stressors.

著者

牧迫 飛雄馬 島田 裕之 吉田 大輔 阿南 祐也 伊藤 忠 土井 剛彦 堤本 広大 上村 一貴 BRACH Jennifer S. 鈴木 隆雄

出版者

公益社団法人日本理学療法士協会

雑誌

理学療法学 (ISSN:02893770)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.2, pp.87-95, 2013-04-20

---

【目的】日本語版-改訂Gait Efficacy Scale(mGES)の信頼性と妥当性を検証することを目的とした。【方法】地域在住高齢者240名を対象とした。そのうちの31名については,自記式による日本語版mGESの評価を2回実施した(評価間隔14〜20日間)。日本語版mGESの妥当性を検証するために,運動機能(chair-stand test,片脚立位時間,通常歩行速度,6分間歩行距離),生活空間,転倒恐怖感との関連を調べた。【結果】日本語版mGESは高い再検査信頼性を示し(級内相関係数[2,1]=0.945,95%信頼区間0.891〜0.973),すべての運動機能および生活空間と有意な相関関係を認めた。従属変数を転倒恐怖感の有無,独立変数を性別,各運動機能,生活空間,日本語版mGES得点としたロジスティック回帰分析の結果,転倒恐怖感と有意な関連を認めた項目は,性別(女性),通常歩行速度,日本語版mGES得点であった。【結論】高齢者における歩行状態の自信の程度を把握する指標として,日本語版mGESは良好な信頼性および妥当性を有する評価であることが確認された。

著者

oleh S. Sjahrir

出版者

Poestaka Rakjat

巻号頁・発行日

1947

著者

Dhananjoy S. Chingangbam Joykumar M. Laishram Hitoshi Suzuki

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

Genes & Genetic Systems (ISSN:13417568)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.90, no.1, pp.21-30, 2015-02-01 (Released:2015-06-25)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

3 5

---

The Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia are hotspots of murine biodiversity, but no species from the Arakan Mountain system that demarcates the border between the two areas has been subjected to molecular phylogenetic analyses. We examined the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences in six murine species (the Rattus rattus species complex, R. norvegicus, R. nitidus, Berylmys manipulus, Niviventer sp. and Mus musculus) from Manipur, which is located at the western foot of the mountain range. The sequences of B. manipulus and Niviventer sp. examined here were distinct from available congeneric sequences in the databases, with sequence divergences of 10–15%. Substantial degrees of intrapopulation divergence were detected in R. nitidus and the R. rattus species complex from Manipur, implying ancient habitation of the species in this region, while the recent introduction by modern and prehistoric human activities was suggested for R. norvegicus and M. musculus, respectively. In the nuclear gene Mc1r, also analyzed here, the R. rattus species complex from Manipur was shown to possess allelic sequences related to those from the Indian subcontinent in addition to those from East Asia. These results not only fill gaps in the phylogenetic knowledge of each taxon examined but also provide valuable insight to better understand the biogeographic importance of the Arakan Mountain system in generating the species and genetic diversity of murine rodents.

著者

Fujioka K Fukuda H Okamoto S Tei Y Hiraoka Y Takeuchi Y

出版者

[京都大学フィールド科学教育研究センター]

雑誌

20th Symposium of the International Society on Biotelemetry Proceedings

巻号頁・発行日

pp.89-89, 2014-05

---

19–22 May 2022 Kyoto, JapanJuvenile Pacific bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis, PBF) are still small (about 20cm in fork length, FL) and so weak that even direct touch to the fish can cause fatal damage. Their vulnerability makes it difficult to collect vital data in the natural environment over the past years. We developed an operational instrument for smooth and quick attachment of tags. Fish was kept in the water even during the operation and we shorten the operation time to be 30-60 seconds. Also, the mechanical progress (archival tags downsized dramatically) contributed to the survival rate. The movement patterns of the juvenile PBF was investigated using the archival tags implanted in a fish during August in 2012, 2013 for 75, 62 individuals (18-33cm FL). Twenty one tagged fish were recaptured in total (recovery rate 15.3%), and we downloaded data successfully from eight of thirteen tags recovery. One tagged juvenile, which recorded for 79 days from August to October off Kochi (grew up from 24.5 to 50.0cm in FL). Our data showed that the tagged juvenile moved between coastal areas and offshore into the Kuroshio Current, thus the offshore coverage of their habitat could be restricted to the Kuroshio Current in their nursery areas.

著者

S. N. SEHGAL H. BAKER Claude VÉZINA

出版者

JAPAN ANTIBIOTICS RESEARCH ASSOCIATION

雑誌

The Journal of Antibiotics (ISSN:00218820)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.10, pp.727-732, 1975 (Released:2006-04-12)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

42 720

---

Rapamycin is a new antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus NRRL 5491. It was isolated from the mycelium by solvent extraction, purified by silica gel column chromatography and crystallized as a colorless solid which melts at 183-185°C and has the empirical formula C56H89NO14. From its characteristic ultraviolet absorption spectrum rapamycin can be classified as a triene. It is highly active against various Candida species, especially Candida albicans. Its activity is compared with that of amphotericin B, candicidin and nystatin.

著者

Gettings Robert E. Hughes Geoffrey S.

雑誌

北星学園大学短期大学部北星論集 = Hokusei Review, Junior College (ISSN:13480820)

巻号頁・発行日

no.12, pp.1-16, 2014-03

著者

editors Vincent T. DeVita Jr. Theodore S. Lawrence Steven A. Rosenberg

出版者

Wolters Kluwer

巻号頁・発行日

2015

著者

editors Vincent T. DeVita Jr. Theodore S. Lawrence Steven A. Rosenberg associate scientific advisors Robert A. Weinberg Ronald A. DePinho

出版者

Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

巻号頁・発行日

2008

著者

editors Vincent T. DeVita Jr. Theodore S. Lawrence and Steven A. Rosenberg associate scientific advisors Robert A. Weinberg Ronald A. DePinho

出版者

Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

巻号頁・発行日

2011

著者

Mary S. Erbaugh editor

出版者

National East Asian Language Resource Center, Ohio State University

巻号頁・発行日

2002

著者

Hayakawa S. Kawai N. Masataka N.

出版者

Nature Publishing Group

雑誌

Scientific Reports (ISSN:20452322)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, 2011-09-01

被引用文献数

41

---

なぜ人間と高等サル類のみで色覚は進化したのか. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2011-09-01

著者

SODHI Navjot S. ADLARD Robert D. 永田 尚志 KARA A. U.

出版者

日本鳥学会

雑誌

日本鳥学会誌 (ISSN:0913400X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.2, pp.65-67, 1999

被引用文献数

5

---

渡り鳥は,渡りのストレスで血液内寄生虫に感染しやすくなったり,越冬地でも感染する可能性があるため,留鳥よりも感染率が高いと考えられる,利根川および霞ケ浦湖岸のヨシ原において捕獲されたホオジロ,ホオアカ,カシラダカ,アオジ,シベリアジュリン,オオジュリンの6種類のホオジロ(<i>Emberiza</i>)属から血液を採取し, <i>Haemoproteus</i> spp, <i>Trypanosoma</i> spp, <i>Splendidofilaria</i> spp, <i>Plasmodium</i> spp,<i>Leucocytozoon</i> spp の5種類の血液内寄生虫(原虫)の感染率を調べた.血液を採取した352個体中,血液内寄生虫が感染していたのは,カシラダカ,アオジ,オオジュリンの各1個体であり,全体の0.8%にすぎなかった.カシラダカとオオジュリンでは配偶子母細胞や分裂前体をもった成熟した原虫が見つからなかったので種名まで同定できなかったが,アオジに感染していたのは <i>H.coatneyi</i> であった,<i>Emberiza</i> 属においては,渡りをする種が留鳥性の種より血液内寄生虫の感染率が高いという予測は支持されなかった.本研究と前報(Sodhi <i>et al</i>.1996)によって,日本に生息しているホオジロ属では血液内寄生虫の感染率が低く抑えられていることがわかった.ホオジロ属の血液内寄生虫感染率がどのようなメカニズムで低く抑えられているかはわからない.

著者

ビンセント T. デヴィータ Jr. セオドール S. ローレンス スティーブン A. ローゼンバーグ編

出版者

メディカル・サイエンス・インターナショナル

巻号頁・発行日

2012

著者

editors Vincent T. DeVita Jr. Theodore S. Lawrence Steven A. Rosenberg associate scientific advisors Robert A. Weinberg Ronald A. DePinho with 70 contributing authors

出版者

Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

巻号頁・発行日

2011

著者

S. Hakan CAN Helen M. HENDY

出版者

独立行政法人 労働安全衛生総合研究所

雑誌

Industrial Health (ISSN:00198366)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2013-0237, (Released:2014-04-02)

被引用文献数

1 18

---

Past research had documented that non-behavioral variables (such as long work hours, exposure to police stressors) are associated with obesity risk in police officers, but limited research has examined behavioral variables that might be targeted by Employee Assistance Programs for police weight management. The present study compared non-obese and obese officers for behavioral variables found associated with obesity in other adult samples: physical activity (cardiovascular, strength-training, stretching), sleep duration, and consumption of alcohol, fruit and vegetables, and snack foods. Participants included 172 male police officers who completed questionnaires to report height and weight, used to calculate body mass index (BMI = kg/m2) and to divide them into “non-obese” and “obese” groups. They also reported the above behaviors and six non-behavioral variables found associated with obesity risk: age, health problems, family support, police work hours, police stressors, police support. ANCOVAs compared each behavioral variable across obesity status (non-obese, obese), with the six non-behavioral variables used as covariates. Results revealed that cardiovascular and strength-training physical activity were the only behavioral variables that differed significantly between non-obese and obese police officers. The use of self-reported height and weight values may provide Employee Assistance Program with improved cost, time, and officer participation.

著者

IKEDA Shin S.

出版者

GRIPS Policy Research Center

雑誌

GRIPS Discussion Papers

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15-04, 2015-05

---

Historical data of system prices and traded quantities of electricity over the 48 half-hour intra-daily intervals in the Japan Electric Power Exchange are analyzed. Viewed as a panel dataset of the 48 different commodities in 7 different markets (days of a week) or 336 different contracts over 288 weeks, the data allow me to compute two representative measures of illiquidity, namely, Amihud's price-impact measure and Roll's implied spread cost measure from November 2006 to April 2012. These measures are based on the absolute weekly returns of each of 336 contracts divided by the corresponding volume of traded electricity, and on the first-order serial covariance of weekly returns, respectively. Two measures closely comove but they contribute to the returns in different magnitudes, suggesting that each of them captures both common and distinctive aspects of illiquidity in the JEPX market. Once the lagged returns are controlled for in a dynamic panel framework, the influence of price-impact measures on returns dominate that of spread measures. The price-impact measure and traded volume contribute the return variations in opposite signs, i.e., positively and negatively. It suggests that the assessment of illiquidity requires a careful treatment of these confounding factors.

著者

FUJII S.

雑誌

Transportation

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.1, pp.81-95, 2003

被引用文献数

2 316

著者

S.ゼキ著 河内十郎訳

出版者

医学書院

巻号頁・発行日

1995