著者

堀 光平

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集C編 (ISSN:18848354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.782, pp.3823-3827, 2011 (Released:2011-10-25)

参考文献数

8

著者

野中 朋美 中野 冠

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集C編 (ISSN:18848354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.783, pp.4024-4033, 2011 (Released:2011-11-25)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

4 6

---

The paper proposes a carbon taxation scheme using life cycle assessment (LCA) for clean energy vehicles (CEVs). This taxation scheme can enable to be discussed tax amount, tax revenue and total CO2 emissions by changing the scenarios and parameters, such as: technology development, energy price and total driving distance. The authors figure out the tax rate 28.05[JPY/kg-CO2], which makes the hybrid electric vehicle's life cycle cost (LCC) less than that of conventional gasoline vehicles. The simulation results show that LCC after taxation of electric vehicles (EVs) have lowest total cost when battery cost is 0.14 times the 2007 cost and have lower total cost than that of GVs when driven more than 221,600 km. In addition, EVs have lowest emissions when driven more than 63,000 km considered CO2 emissions in the manufacturing phase, and it is expected that elders who drive shorter distances are best suited for hybrid electric vehicles and gasoline vehicles not electric vehicles considering LCCO2. The proposed tax system can provide consumers with an incentive to choose vehicles with lower CO2 emissions.

著者

森山 淳

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集C編 (ISSN:18848354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.778, pp.2389-2399, 2011 (Released:2011-06-25)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

3 2

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To clarify the overturning possibility of trains exposed to strong cross wind, several experiments were done to study the affect of the wind velocity and wind direction on the axle load changing. In this paper, the results of the experiment in the Japan Sea Coast Main Line, where the seasonal wind swept bitterly in winter, are described. Various kinds of trains, such as limited express, fright, commuter and local, were operated on the sites. To eliminate the turbulence of the wind on the sites, the 3 wind sensors were installed parallel with the track at regular intervals. As the results of the experiments, the author found that the ratio of wheel unloading caused by the wind could be more accurately expressed by the “Detailed equation” than the Kunieda's equation which was conventionally used to decide the regulation standard to prevent the train overturning by the strong cross wind in Japanese railways. Mesurement data also show that consideration of relative wind velocity and relative wind direction is important for running vehicle.

著者

堀畑 聡 新家 光雄 野崎 隆宏 赤堀 俊和 鈴木 亨 曽根 圭司 庭田 俊一 福田 徳久

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集C編 (ISSN:18848354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.803, pp.2240-2249, 2013 (Released:2013-07-25)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

1

---

Traditionally, the metal mouthpieces of trumpets have been generally made of brass. However, for musicians who suffer from metal allergies, the use of the mouthpiece sometimes lead to inflammation of the lip if they are taking part in a long performance. This problem can be solved by using allergy-free pure titanium (titanium) and its alloys as the material for the mouthpiece. Therefore, a titanium alloy composed of non-toxic and allergy free elements has been designed. However, because their heat conductivity is generally poor, and they contain α phase with its HCP (hexagonal closed packed structure having structure, which restrict slip systems, forming them into suitable shapes can be very difficult. Therefore, precision casting method, where only final finishing was conducted by machining, applied for fabricating the mouthpieces of trumpets. Important considerations for use in musical instruments are the material characteristics and the sound characteristics of mouthpieces made of titanium alloy. Research on the material characteristics of titanium alloy mouthpieces is currently being undertaken. On the other hand, the sound characteristics of mouthpieces made of titanium alloy have not been examined sufficiently. In this study, the sound and the vibration characteristics of two kinds of mouthpieces made of titanium and Ti-Nb was examined. The adaptability of these materials for use in mouthpieces of trumpets was discussed by comparing the sound characteristics of mouthpieces of trumpets made of titanium, Ti-Nb, and brass.

著者

吉田 順 杉町 敏之 深尾 隆則

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集C編 (ISSN:18848354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.783, pp.4125-4135, 2011 (Released:2011-11-25)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

9 10

---

Energy consumption and CO2 emission are world-wide problems. In Japan, a new project for reducing CO2, called “Energy ITS project” has started since 2008 by NEDO (New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization). In this paper, a path following control method based on nonholonomic tracking control for autonomous drivinng of automotives is proposed to follow the determined path as accurately as possible. Path following control can treat the nonlinearities of the system, and it can follow the reference path more accurately. Different from tracking control, path following control separates velocity control and steering control. The performance of the designed control system which consists of a path following controller and a velocity controller is evaluated by simulation and experimental results.

著者

小島 崇 菅原 能生

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集C編 (ISSN:18848354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.786, pp.396-410, 2012 (Released:2012-02-25)

参考文献数

9

---

The authors have developed a vibration suppression system with variable vertical oil dampers in primary or secondary suspensions of railway vehicles for improvement of riding comfort due to vertical vibration. In order to apply this system into practical use, the function to detect the failure and stop the control in case some damper fails is required. This paper presents a technique for damper fault detection based on the phase difference between the bounce and the pitch vibration of bogie frames or car bodies obtained with inertial sensors, as a method without mounting sensors in oil dampers. The result of vibration excitation test with one vehicle on a testing plant demonstrates the fault of a primary vertical damper was detectable by evaluating the phase difference between the bounce and the pitch vibration of the bogie frames. The result of running test in a meter-gauge line demonstrated the fault of a secondary vertical damper was detectable based on the phase difference of that of car bodies. These results have suggested the proposed method is effective for the fault detection of both primary and secondary vertical damper.

著者

山田 貴志 渡辺 富夫

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集C編 (ISSN:18848354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.807, pp.4340-4344, 2013 (Released:2013-11-25)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

1

---

In this study, we analyzed facial expressions during muscle strain using a head mounted display (HMD)-based virtual arm wrestling system designed for facial electromyography measurement. We found that facial expressions during muscle strain are characterized by tension of the corrugator supercilii and zygomaticus major muscles. In addition, facial expressions of laughter, anger, and fear, and those during muscle strain can be distinguished based on the active pattern of the corrugator supercilii and zygomaticus major muscles. These findings are useful in the evaluation of emotions based on facial expressions during muscle strain using the HMD-based virtual reality system.

著者

島宗 亮平 中川 千鶴 大野 央人 白戸 宏明

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集C編 (ISSN:18848354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.781, pp.3205-3210, 2011 (Released:2011-09-25)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

2 1

---

According to a speedup of the Shinkansen, it is increasing to feel the passage of the vertical curve. However, the actual situation is not clarified because it is hardly investigated the ride comfort about the vertical curve passage until now. Therefore, two kinds of subject experiments by the high-speed train were carried out to obtain the knowledge of the ride comfort in the vertical curve passage, and the following results were provided. It was suggested that not only the acceleration but also the jerk influenced the perception of the vertical curve. In the same condition as the passengers of the operating train, the perception ratios of the vertical curve were about 60 % at maximum speed 275 km/h, and about 70 % at that 320 km/h. In the vibration ride comfort of including the vertical curve, the railroad employees were strictly evaluated than general subjects, and young group subjects were strictly estimated than elder ones.

著者

井上 剛志 高木 賢太郎 竹崎 勇輝 石川 昌義

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集C編 (ISSN:18848354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.789, pp.1680-1690, 2012 (Released:2012-05-25)

参考文献数

7

---

The gyroscopic exercise tool which utilizes the gyroscopic effect caused by the whirling motion of the high speed rotating body to train the hand muscle is considered. This tool utilizes the contact phenomenon between the rotor and the case. When the input motion with 3-5 Hz is added to the case, the rotor spins in thousands rpm whirling with the precession motion which is synchronous to the input case motion. Conventional studies on this tool have assumed the continuous rolling motion of the rotor to the case. This paper does not set this assumption, and investigates the dynamical modeling of this tool considering the contact/non-contact conditions and the slip between the rotor and the case. Two kinds of motions are observed in the numerical simulation, one is the uniform precession which was observed in the conventional studies and the other is the periodically reverse precession. These two motions are physically explained, and are also observed in the experiment.

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集C編 (ISSN:18848354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.782, pp.3808-3817, 2011 (Released:2011-10-25)

---

オーサーシップの問題により,論文の撤回,削除が妥当であるとの決定がなされたため.

著者

桜井 康雄 鈴木 教之 饗庭 健一 吉成 考正 川島 清隆 木原 和幸

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集C編 (ISSN:18848354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.788, pp.1163-1169, 2012 (Released:2012-04-25)

参考文献数

4

---

In this paper, a component restricting pressure change caused by oil temperature change is proposed. One of the merits of an oil-hydraulic system is to keep the value of oil pressure when pressurized oil is enclosed in a container. However, it is impossible to keep the value when the temperature of the oil is changed. Using a pressure control sub-system to prevent it, the whole system becomes complicated. In addition to it, the energy is consumed when the pressure is adjusted by the quantity of the oil flowing into or out the container. From these view points, it is effective to develop the component which prevents the pressure change according to the oil temperature change without the control of the quantity of the oil. Therefore, in this paper, a component to prevent the pressure change based on the oil temperature change is proposed to make the merit of oil-hydraulic system certain when the temperature of the oil is changed. And, in the cases where the temperature of the oil is increased and where the temperature of the oil is decreased after it is increased, the basic characteristics of the component investigate experimentally.

著者

山田 和明 大倉 和博

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集C編 (ISSN:18848354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.792, pp.2950-2961, 2012 (Released:2012-08-25)

参考文献数

17

---

Reinforcement learning approaches attract attention as the technique to construct the mapping function between sensors-motors of an autonomous robot through trial-and-error. Traditional reinforcement learning approaches make use of look-up table to express the mapping function between the grid state space and the grid action space. However the grid size of the state space affects the learning performances significantly. To overcome this problem, many researchers have proposed algorithms using neural networks to express the mapping function between the continuous state space and actions. However, in this case, a designer needs to appropriately set the number of middle neurons and the initial value of weight parameters of neural networks to improve the approximate accuracy of neural networks. This paper proposes a new method to automatically set the number of middle neurons and the initial value of the weight parameters of neural networks, on the basis of the dimensional-number of the sensor space, in Q-learning using neural networks. The proposed method is demonstrated through a navigation problem of an autonomous mobile robot, and is evaluated by comparing Q-learning using RBF networks and Q-learning using neural networks whose parameters are set by a designer.

著者

武田 雄策 大黒谷 陽子 村瀨 健二 大坪 智範 橋本 悟 伏見 亮 民谷 謙

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集C編 (ISSN:18848354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.807, pp.4039-4046, 2013 (Released:2013-11-25)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1

---

This paper discusses a design methodology of vehicle interior layouts and shape matching visual space KANSEI characteristics considering human visual direction perception. Relationships between perception and KANSEI of direction need to be quantified for the vehicle interior design based on multidisciplinary optimization among the KANSEI evaluation values of human visual direction and the other vehicle performances. Experiments were carried out for some interior layouts and shapes, which were displayed by immersive virtual reality system, with some subjects who develop the vehicle interior package. And, KANSEI evaluation values were measured by visual analog scale method for recording continuously. Experimental results demonstrate that the perception and KANSEI of direction have changes like sigmoid curve according to layouts and shapes. Also, KANSEI response surface, which was derived by using linear basis function models for expressing its characteristics, was applied to the A pillar design study.

著者

佐藤 千恵 横矢 重治 渡邊 博美 梅原 英之 中村 裕紀 小林 宏

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集C編 (ISSN:18848354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.806, pp.3525-3538, 2013 (Released:2013-10-25)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

4 4

---

Back support muscle suit is applied to the work of lifting heavy material in the material handling field, in order to reduce the workload. The work model is defined based on the idea of value steam map, and the possibility of introduction is shown using productivity, which was calculated from the number of handled products during the test and normalized by the one of the subject in the month, and the result of subjective evaluation of 13 workers, which showed that 9 workers could feel better or neutral during the work with muscle suit than without it. And, it was shown that the productivity of the workers with muscle suit was almost the same as the one without muscle suit. The workers who felt neutral are the ones who felt better when they lifted the loads in the lower part of the palette. It was also shown that, based on the characteristics of the subjects, such as age mainly, the result of the subjective evaluation was considered to be reasonable from the viewpoint of power of standard worker.

著者

嘉陽 宗弘 狼 嘉彰

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集C編 (ISSN:18848354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.803, pp.2273-2285, 2013 (Released:2013-07-25)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

1 1

---

The objective of this paper is to establish a concise structural model of the human musculoskeletal (HMS) system to be used for an exercise therapy of a malfunction or a distortion called Somatic Balance Restoring Treatment (SRBT). This model must be comprehensive for therapists while maintaining a theoretical thoroughness in mechanics. For this objective, a system approach called Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) has been applied to bridge multi-body dynamics and clinical observations. From a mechanical viewpoint, the HMS system can be treated as a collection of joint connected 15 rigid bodies in a topological tree. From a clinical viewpoint, joints are of major concern since most malfunctions take place at the joints. Based on clinical observation data accumulated for 36 years, we have discovered that all HMS motions can be constructed by a combination of 80 fundamental motion elements and that all motions are interacted with each other. By applying the ISM for the HMS system, we have obtained that an active motion element with intention induces associated motion element(s). In addition, the ISM yields a tiered structure of the fundamental motion elements according to the degree of activeness; and most importantly, an overall investigation of the matrix characteristics has revealed a fundamental structure of the SBRT.

著者

山下 隼平 杉山 博之 須田 義大

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集C編 (ISSN:18848354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.781, pp.3253-3263, 2011 (Released:2011-09-25)

参考文献数

11

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In this investigation, curving performance for low-floor light rail vehicles (LRV) with friction controls on wheel/rail interface is discussed. To this end, a creep force model subjected to friction modifiers is developed by introducing an equivalent shear modulus of rigidity. Good agreements in the creep force characteristics are obtained between the proposed model and experiment. It is shown with the proposed creep force model that use of friction modifiers on an inner rail is effective for reducing lateral contact forces of LRV with independently rotating wheels.

著者

田原 誠 野波 健蔵

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集C編 (ISSN:18848354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.787, pp.872-882, 2012 (Released:2012-03-25)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1 3

---

Recently, Quad-rotor type helicopters which are representative of Multi-rotor type helicopters have been extensively developed over the world. The Multi-rotors are expected to replace Single-rotor type helicopters as an industrial helicopter because of their simplicity of the structure and good maintainability. In this paper, we focused on the operation problems of previous industrial helicopters and applied the Multi-rotors by a generalized design method. The generalization of the design method is performed considering variation of requirements of airframe specifications. In addition, we considered using commercial components rather than customized components in each process, so we achieved cost reduction compared with previous study. At first, we introduce the required specifications of a small pesticide application in this study and present the airframe design method. And then, we tuned parameters with presented simulation model and implement a multi-rotor type helicopter following the design method. Finally, we show the flight result and present the effectiveness of the design method.

著者

小山 達弥 網干 光雄

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集C編 (ISSN:18848354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.789, pp.1617-1631, 2012 (Released:2012-05-25)

参考文献数

8

---

When there is an undulating wear on overhead rigid conductor line, arc due to contact loss is generated between the conductor line and a pantograph. The arcs cause extreme wear of contact lines and contact strips of the pantograph. However the mechanism of the undulating wear formation has not been clarified. This paper to make clear the mechanism of the formation of the undulating wear through on-site investigation of overhead rigid conductor lines and excitation tests of the pantograph. It was been clarified that the dynamic characteristics of pantograph and the distance between pantograph heads play a causal role in the undulating wear formation. Firstly, a periodic unevenness is generated by mechanical wear that is caused due to the dynamic characteristics of pantograph, especially anti-resonance phenomenon of pantograph. When the wear amplitude of unevenness grows to the extent with which pantographs cannot comply, arc due to contact loss occurs between overhead rigid conduct line and the pantograph. By this arc, electric wear is generated in a hollow of unevenness, then the undulating wear of which wavelength is related to the interval of pantograph head grows.

著者

佐藤 侑 郭 士傑 稲田 誠生 向井 利春

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集C編 (ISSN:18848354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.789, pp.1899-1912, 2012 (Released:2012-05-25)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

3 9

---

With a record-low birthrate and a rapidly-growing elderly population, Japan faces a severe demographic challenge, compounded by a chronic lack of nursing care staff. Among nursing care tasks, patient transfer is one of the most physically strenuous tasks. To free caregivers from such heavy physical work and to compensate for the lack of nursing care staff, we have developed two prototype robots, RIBA and RIBA-II, which were designed to come in direct contact with patients and conduct transfer tasks such as lifting and moving a patient from a bed or the floor to a wheelchair and back. This paper, focusing on RIBA-II, describes the motion design, handling method, safety measures, as well as the verification experiment conducted on healthy subjects. RIBA-II, who's whole body including the joints is covered with soft materials to realize a safe and easy contact with humans, has the ability to lift up a human up to 80kg with a certain safety factor from the floor and transfer him/her to a normal wheelchair with armrests. The robot is not an autonomous one but a robot operated by a caregiver to ensure safety. When conducting a transfer task, the caregiver handles the robot by stroking the rubber tactile sensors installed on the robot arms and, at the same time, confirms safety. The purpose of the robot is not only relieving caregivers from heavy physical works but also to replace the transfer task conducted by two caregivers by one robot and one caregiver. The feasibility has been demonstrated by the verification experiment as described in this paper.

著者

嶋脇 聡 酒井 直隆

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集C編 (ISSN:18848354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.787, pp.883-891, 2012 (Released:2012-03-25)

参考文献数

27

---

Finger deformities refer to the symptoms where a flexed or extended joint becomes fixed in one direction and is prevented from returning to a normal state due to muscle or tendon abnormalities around the joint as a result of trauma or a pathological abnormality. The deformities exist in numerous forms, and their causes are known to be either a muscle imbalance or tendon rupture. We focused on the finger deformity forms of the boutonnière and swan-neck deformity. To clarify the formation mechanisms of these deformities, conventional studies have used cadaveric fingers whereas in this study we used the finite element method to model the mechanism of human finger flexion and extension (extensor tendons, flexor tendons, phalanges, tendon pulleys, and ligaments). Using this model, flexion angles of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) and the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint were calculated with conditions for a tendon (central band, lateral band, flexor digitorum superficialis tendon) rupture and tendon tension abnormalities. The results have shown that the conditions which most resembled the boutonnière deformity were those of the central band removal model, and the conditions which most resembled the swan-neck deformity were those of the flexor digitorum superficialis tendon removal model and the tendon tension abnormalities. These results are in agreement with those from clinical observations and cadaveric finger experiments, and demonstrated that the finite element method was effective for clarifying the mechanisms for finger deformity formations.