著者

小浦方 格 守山 光三 原 利昭

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.665, pp.101-108, 2002-01-25 (Released:2008-02-26)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

2

---

It is important for senior brass instrument players to study the detailed control parameters for embouchure building. While many investigators have reported the preliminary data on the muscle behavior, the precise aspects are unrevealed so far. The purpose of the present paper is to study dynamic perioral muscle behavior of French horn players and to investigate their lip valve function by measuring the contact pressure on teeth buccal surface during playing. It was shown from the experimental results that the advanced players contracted depressor and levator angulioris especially for high tone playing. The combined contraction by these muscles may contribute to smaller lip aperture formation appropriate for higher tones. Inversely a strong contraction of m. buccinator was found insignificantly from the results for the advanced players while it is well known that m. buccinator contracts hard during playing.

著者

前野 隆司 小林 一三 山崎 信寿

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.607, pp.881-888, 1997-03-25 (Released:2008-02-26)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

29 27

---

There are several tactile receptors at specific locations in the tissue of human fingers. In this study we calculate in detail the deformation of finger tissue when a finger comes into contact with a rigid plate using a FE (finite element) model in order to clarify the reason for the precise location of the receptors. The FE model is constructed using the measured geometry and properties. As a result, we found that the strain energy is concentrated at tactile receptor locations. When a frictional force is applied, the stress/strain is concentrated near the edge of the contact area. By calculating using models with/without epidermal ridges/papillae, we found that the shape of the epidermal ridges/papillae influences the stress/strain distribution near the tactile receptors.

著者

佐々木 浩一

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.539, pp.2211-2216, 1991-07-25 (Released:2008-02-21)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

2 1

---

To upgrade the riding comfort of the 0 Series Tokaido-Sanyo Shinkansen electric multiple-unit train, the suspension components of the bogies are successfully developed which improve the damping ratio of lateral body hunting motion. The result of field tests shows that the frequency of lateral body acceleration decreases about 1/1O as compared with the original bogie.

著者

松丸 隆文 福山 聡 佐藤 智祐

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.724, pp.3863-3870, 2006-12-25 (Released:2011-08-16)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

3 6

---

This paper proposed the model to estimate the load on the lumber vertebra considering not only the value presumed from posture but also the increased amount by Valsalva maneuver of extrapolating from the vital capacity. The pressure force can be estimated to be reduced by about 30% by the effect of the abdominal pressure by using the proposed model as said so far. From the error of the presumed value of ground reaction force from an actual measurement, it is thought that the presumed accuracy of the lumbar vertebra load using the proposed model is smaller than 10%. Furthermore, two operations with extreme start-on posture were compared on transition of the compressive force and shear force on the lumbar vertebra. It was brought out that a start-on posture signficantly affects the maximum load on the lumber vertebra. The result suggests that optimal start-on posture may be between two postures.

著者

大島 徹 藤川 智彦 熊本 水頼

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.635, pp.2837-2844, 1999-07-25 (Released:2008-02-26)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

4

---

Animals have various muscular as power souses and they, living in the gravitational environments, have very similar basic muscular arrangements in their muscular arrangements reflecting differences in their locomotive life styles. We have reported that the coordinating muscular activities among the three pairs of antagonistic muscles contributed to the output force direction control, in all round (360°) direction, the force/position control and the stiffness control at the endpoint of the extremities. In the present paper, relations between the differences in the muscular arrangements in animals and the differences in the characteristic differences in their locomotive styles were analyzed in terms of functional anatomy and of control engineering. The results obtained that the muscular arrangements in animals was reflected in their locomotive styles. All animals had the essential muscular arrangements to realize the force and the stiffness properties at the endpoint of the extremities.

著者

松本 金矢 鈴木 浩平 小林 朗

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.536, pp.1107-1112, 1991-04-25 (Released:2008-02-21)

参考文献数

5

---

A method for FEM eigenvalue problems of symmetrically laminated composite shells is developed by formulating a 15 d. o. f. flat triangular shell element under the assumption that the transverse normal strain is linear in a symmetrical lamination. A shaking test using CFRP cylindrical shells is conducted, and experimental results obtained through the test are compared with analytical ones by the proposed method. As a consequence of the experiment, vibration characteristics of symmetrically laminated Composite shells are obtained, and the validity of the proposed method for laminated composite shells is proven.

著者

西原 修 平岡 敏洋 熊本 博光

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.714, pp.537-544, 2006-02-25 (Released:2011-03-04)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

11 11

---

The present paper discusses the driving/breaking force distribution for direct yaw-moment control (DYC) of the independent steering vehicle. The objective function is the maximum value of the tire workloads. In the case of conventional four wheel steering vehicle, the algebraic expressions of the optimum driving/breaking force distribution have been derived by the authors. Based on the previous results, the optimization algorithms for the independent steering vehicle are newly developed. For the front independent steering vehicle, the binary search is employed, and this online algorithm is combined with the golden section search method for the independent four-wheel steering vehicle. The convergences are guaranteed by the convexities of these optimization problems. Numerical simulations with CarSim, a popular multi-degree-of-freedom vehicle model, are performed to prove effectiveness of the proposed control schemes.

著者

景山 一郎 江本 浩二

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.582, pp.565-570, 1995-02-25 (Released:2008-02-26)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

2 1

---

The shimmy that appears in two-wheeled vehicles has been regarded as a self-exited vibration, but this has yet to be clearly proven. Here, we provide experimental and theoretical analyses based on three experiments. It is found that the shimmy phenomenon can be clearly defined by the experimental analyses. It is impossible for previous theoretical models to describe the shimmy phenomenon. Therefore, we propose a new tire model which includes the dynamics of side force and self-aligning torque. From the results of the theoretical analyses, it is found that the model describes the shimmy phenomena not only qualitatively but also quantitatively. Furthermore we analyze the influence of the design parameters of the tire and their main influences on shimmy. Consequently, it is clarified that cornering stiffness, tire lateral and torsional rigidity, relaxation length of lateral displacement of contact patch, tire lateral damping and moment of inertia around the steering axis all have strong influences on shimmy.

著者

大塚 敏之 石谷 雅宏

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.652, pp.3962-3969, 2000-12-25 (Released:2008-02-26)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

1

---

This study applies differential game theory to simplified four-wheeled vehicle models. We describe the motions of two four-wheeled vehicles on plane as nonlinear systems and formulate receding-horizon differential game problems. Performance indexes of the differential games have a moving performance interval. The game optimal solution (minimax solution) is calculated by applying a real-time algorithm without successive approximation. Numerical results of pursuit-evasion and overtaking are reported and discussed.

著者

奥泉 信克 木村 康治

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.622, pp.1873-1881, 1998-06-25 (Released:2008-02-26)

参考文献数

14

---

Dynamic behavior of smooth hysteretic systems subjected to harmonic excitation is analyzed. Wen's differential equation model for hysteresis, which can be applied to a large class of hysteretic systems, is used. A piecewise power series expression for hysteresis, which was derived from Wen's model assuming a sinusoidal response and weak hysteresis in the previous paper, is extended to the case of the response expressed in terms of constant and higher harmonic components. The method of multiple scales is applied to the equation of motion with the extended piecewise power series terms and the second order approximate solution for the case of primary resonance is obtained. Phase plane trajectories and resonance curves obtained from the solution are compared with the results of numerical simulations and the second order averaging analysis in order to examine the validity of the present analysis.

著者

内山 寛信 櫛谷 義治 楠見 昌隆

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.612, pp.2731-2738, 1997-08-25 (Released:2008-02-26)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

1

---

As one of the manufacturing processes in the apparel industry, a fabric roll has to spread a piece of cloth smoothly on the working table in order to cut the cloth into parts. In this process, it is important to prevent creasing by adjusting the spreading speed of the cloth. However, the construction of a speed control system is difficult, because the tension acting on the spread cloth cannot be estimated. Accordingly, the shape of a hanging cloth-belt in the cloth spreading machine is determined by a estimated curve based on the catenary function. The coefficients of the curve are calculated by detecting the displacement of a representative point on the doth-belt. Using this estimated curve. the tension can be measured with a high accuracy without touching the cloth. In this paper. the accuracy of the calculated values by the estimated cloth curve and the dynamic behavior of the cloth-belt are discussed. A new speed control system with the estimation mechanism of tension was proposed, and good performance was confirmed.

著者

那須野 洋 清水 信行

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.724, pp.3728-3735, 2006-12-25 (Released:2011-08-16)

参考文献数

21

---

This paper is concerned with the development of an efficient algorithm for the numerical solution of the fractional differential equation (FDE). The numerical integration of the FDE requires significant computational cost, because the fractional convolution integral included in the fractional derivative, requires O(N2) operations for N points calculation. The kernel of the fractional integral has singularity and consequently excessive small time-step near the singularity is needed to secure the high precision in the numerical calculation. This difficulty is solved by means of a new computational procedure for fractional derivative by introducing the variable trasformation from the physical time to the power time which is newly defined in this paper. The proposed algorithm is used to solved the nonlinear FDE. Computational results are compared with those by the former method (Nasuno and Shimizu, JSME (C), 2006). The proposed method shows remarkably higher performance than the former one.

著者

那須野 洋 清水 信行 安野 拓也

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.716, pp.1041-1048, 2006-04-25 (Released:2011-03-04)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

3 2

---

The experimantal study has been conducted for several years to investigate the nonlinear psudo-statical and dynamical behaviors of a viscoelastic body described by the fractional derivative law. Pre-stress due to pre-displacement induces higer damping capacity during sinusoidal excitation. In order to understand this behavior, nonlinear statical and dynamical models are considered. The authors establish and propose the appropriate models to describe the behavior of the fractional derivative viscoelastic body. The nonlinearity having second order term with respect to pre-displacement for pseudo-statical compressive displacement and the nonlinearity having exponential term with respect to pre-displacement for sinusoidal excitation are found to be appropriate to describe the viscoelastic damping coefficients. Some discussions on the values of the viscoelastic damping coefficients and how to model a unified force-displacement relation covering from lower to higher wide frequency range are given.

著者

丸茂 喜高 片山 硬

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.704, pp.1247-1253, 2005-04-25 (Released:2011-03-04)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

2 1

---

This study proposes an improved method for stabilizing straight running of two-wheeled vehicles. An analysis of the two-wheeled vehicle's vibration modes was completed using the Energy Flow Method, which calculates energy flow of external forces in each motion. Based on these results, we examined the control using steering torque as the control input. Controlling steering torque with rolling acceleration feedback increases wobble and weave mode stabilities. Wobble mode stability is increased by the external force concerning rolling motion. Weave mode stability is also increased by the phase lead of front tire side force in yawing motion. Using another variable as a feedback control signal, for example controlling steering torque with yaw rate feedback, increases only one mode's stability and destabilizes the other mode.

著者

細川 健治 佐藤 悠有 坂田 敏行

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.690, pp.440-444, 2004-02-25 (Released:2011-03-04)

参考文献数

7

---

The elastic parameters of skis are essential for simulation on skiing. Generally, the elastic parameters of skis have not been reported. Also, the elastic parameters of skis are difficult to determine by either theoretical and experimental approach. Therefore, an inverse analysis method to identify equivalent elastic parameters of skis is very important. In the identification method, mainly, the experimental modal analysis technique, the finite element method and the sensitivity analysis method are used. First, by applying the experimental modal analysis technique to a ski with free boundary conditions, natural frequencies and mode shapes are obtained. Secondly, from the obtained natural frequencies and mode shapes, the equivalent elastic parameters of the ski are identified numerically. Finally, to justify the application of this approach, the bending stiffness and twisting stiffness in longitudinal direction calculated by the obtained equivalent elastic parameters of the ski are compared with those obtained by the other experimental method.

著者

章 国光 武居 直行 古荘 純次

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.636, pp.3226-3233, 1999-08-25 (Released:2008-02-26)

参考文献数

12

---

Flexibility in joint drive systems causes robot arm vibration. The conventional semi closed-loop control cannot provide a high servo stiffness and large bandwidth for industrial robots. To achieve a high speed and high precision control, it is important to reduce vibration of robot arm and effect of disturbance. For this purpose, state feedback control becomes more and more important in practice. In this paper, we present an analysis and design of state feedback control for two-inertia system. From the viewpoints of non-negative positional stiffness and internal feedback construction, the domain of pole assignment is analyzed. The effect of disturbance is compared and evaluated for three optimum pole assignments, and the worst case of disturbance is also introduced. It is shown that choice and design of optimum pole assignment are very important when considering the effect of disturbance.

著者

大山 忠夫 内田 清五

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.574, pp.2096-2102, 1994-06-25 (Released:2008-02-26)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

2 3

---

In order to investigate the behavior of adhesion force from a microslip region to a gross sliding one, we carried out experimental studies mainly under water lubrication with static and dynamic contact loads. Every repeated experiment up to gross sliding showed a decrease in the adhesion coefficient under water lubrication and the traction force in the gross sliding region showed unstable behavior. Furthermore, it was recognized that the measured adhesion force during gross sliding agreed well with the values calculated with sliding acceleration and moment of inertia of rollers. The adhesion force under dynamic load was less than that under static load.

著者

能島 裕介 小島 史男 久保田 直行

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.671, pp.2067-2073, 2002-07-25 (Released:2008-02-26)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

3 3

---

This paper is concerned with behavior acquisition of mobile robots based on multi-objective behavior coordination. Based on the concept of structured intelligence, the intelligence of a robot emerges from the interaction among simple functional mechanisms. The multio-bjective behavior coordination plays a role in integrating behavioral modules. A behavioral weight is assigned to each behavioral module represented by a fuzzy controller. To situate its action to the facing environment, the robot dynamically updates behavioral weights according to spatio-temporal context of the environment. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the effectiveness of the multi-objective behavior coordination through the behavior acquisition from the viewpoint of the structured intelligence.

著者

小松崎 俊彦 畑中 健介 岩田 佳雄

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.737, pp.75-82, 2008-01-25 (Released:2011-03-04)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

3 3

---

Recent advances in digital signal processors have facilitated the development of active noise control (ANC) technology where the various kinds of researches as well as applications have been studied. In general, the sound waves propagate spherically in three dimensional space. Simply constituting SISO system using ordinary loudspeaker as a control source may cause interfered sound field with both attenuated and amplified nodes exist. By placing number of microphones and control sources can improve the range of quiet zone and many researches have been dedicated to this end, yet still limitations on implementation and cost cannot be neglected. On the other hand, the recent development of high-directional loudspeakers based on new sound production theory known as 'parametric array effect' has allowed sound transmission to a narrow range of acoustic space like 'spotlight'. This peculiar characteristic can be implemented as one measure for improving active noise control scheme controlling acoustic field locally without adversely influencing vicinal space. In the present study, a new approach for active control of sound in free space is developed using high directional parametric loudspeaker as a control source. Experiments are performed for the active control of noise generated by single source located in space, where the noise is attenuated by a control source at error microphone which evaluates sound level. Both normal and the parametric loudspeakers are tested as control sources and results are compared based on measurement of interfered sound field around the evaluation point. It is known that the suggested ANC system can mitigate sound locally but cause less influence on sound field in circumferential space.

著者

小椋 優 林 憲玉 高西 淳夫

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.700, pp.3509-3515, 2004-12-25 (Released:2011-03-04)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

2 4

---

This paper describes a knee stretch walking for the biped robot having three degrees of freedom (DOF) in each ankle, one DOF in each knee, three DOF in each hip and two DOF in the waist. Firstly, the initial parameters, foot and waist trajectories and a knee joint trajectory of the supporting leg, are given. Secondly, the motion pattern of the swing leg is generated by inverse kinematics. Finally, the roll motion of the waist is used to avoid the singularity of the swing leg. Also, a compensatory motion algorithm is discussed in this paper, which cancels moments generated by the motion of the legs. Through stretch walking simulations, the effectiveness of the stretch walking pattern generation method is confirmed.