著者

伊藤 弘人 丸井 英二

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.1, pp.37-44, 1993-01-30 (Released:2011-02-25)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

1

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Japanese history of eugenic protection law was reviewed. Involuntary sterilization was especially focused. A review of proceedings of the National Diet, statistical reports, and medical papers were performed, as well as interviews. Before the end of World War II, "Kokumin-Yusei-Hou" was enacted. The reasons were as follows; One was negative eugenics, which aimed to reduce the "defective" persons. The other was political incentives to forbid family planning movement in order to obtain more population. On the contrary, after the war, "Yusei-Hogo-Hou" was enacted, mainly because of family planning. The number of application of sterilization has constantly decreased, however, several different patterns were observed. 1) The speed of decrease of the sterilization for maternal or medical reasons were ceased after the 1970's. 2) Involuntary sterilizations have gradually decreased to none. 3) Involuntary sterilizations for the mentally ill were constantly applied until the 1970's. The issue of translation, the reasons of the changes, and the application to the mental retarded are discussed.

著者

芝田 正

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.4, pp.245-249, 1937-12-30 (Released:2010-11-19)

著者

横山 和仁

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.1, pp.1-2, 2012 (Released:2012-03-23)

著者

永井 潜

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.4-5, pp.322-326, 1934-06-27 (Released:2010-11-19)

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.5, pp.433-451, 1942-11-30 (Released:2010-12-22)

著者

岡田 勇 楯 博 三浦 善憲 下村 義夫 永田 捷一 松井 邦義 海川 猛司 TAKAKU Tomoharu

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.3, pp.146-156, 1975

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From the results of the investigation of 80 serious patients, mentally and physically handicapped, in our national sanatorium in Kofu City, Yamanashi Prefecture and 2, 716 patients abstracted from all the other national sanatoria in Japan, the following conclusions were drawn. 1) By ages, of the 80 patients in our sanatorium those of 1014 years stand first in number (45.00%) and those of 1519 years stand second (22.50%), while of the 2, 716 patients from all the other national sanatoria those of 5-9 years stand first (39.7%) and those of 1014 years stand second (29.3%). Nevertheless, the investigation of our patients was made in the 50th year of Showa and that of the latter patients was made in the 45th year of Showa. Accordingly, the age-composition of the two groups of patients is the same in reality. 2) By causes, in our sanatorium, cerebral palsy stands first in number (65.00%), the after-effects of encephalitis and cerebrospinal meingitis stand second (13.75%), and follow the after-effct of nucleojaundice (8.75%) and microcephaly (7.50%). In the other sanatoria, cerebral palsy stands first (64.9%), the after-effects of encephalitis and cerebrospinal meningitis stand second (13.0%), and follow the after-effect of nucleojaundice (7.9%) and microcephaly (5.9%). Namely, the order of causes is about the same in both cases. 3) As to evacuation, 95.0% of our patients and 96.5% of the others need to be tended.Namely, , both rates are almost the same. 4) As to communication, 17.5% of our patients and 17.3% of the others can speak a little. Namely, both rates are almost the same. 5) As to eatiny, 86.25% of our patients and 81.4% of the others need to be tended. Namely, both rates are about the same. 6) As to bodily movement, 47.50% of our patients and 32.9% of the others keep their beds. This shows that our patients are more severely handicapped than the others. 7) As to complications, pneumonia, chronic bronchitis, fever in summer, skin disease and symtoms of digestive organs rank high both in our sanatorium and in the other sanatoria. As mentioned above, the age-composition and the conditions of our patients are almost the same as those of the other patients, except that the grade of physical handicap of the former is higher than that of the latter. Generally speaking, more time is spent in their living guidance than in their medical treatment. Consequently, nurses are occupied in work of tendance rather than in their proper work of nusying. On the 1st of August, 1973, we made researches on the time of living of 10 nurses working in the ward of the physically and mentally handicapped of our sanatorium, of 10 nurses in the medical ward of the national hospital, and of 10 nurses in the medical ward of the pref ectural hospital in the same city, with the following results. The total time of nursing, housekeeping, and cooking spent by our nurses, by those of the national hospital, and by those of the prefectural hospital is 12 hours and 3 minutes, 10 hours and 53 minutes, and 10 hours and 33 minutes respectively. Namely, the working time of our nurses is the longest and that of those of the pref ectural hospital is the shortest. Moreover, the nurses of our sanatorium are older and those of the other are younger. The time of nursing is comparatively short and that of housekeeping is long in the former, while the time of nursing is long and that of housekeeping is short in the latter. Namely, they are antipodal. This fact is worthy of note, considering the problem of lumbago. By substance of the working time in hospital, the time of medical care, is I hour and 9 minutes, that is, the shortest, in our sanatorium, 3 hours and 38 minutes in the national hospital, and 3 hours and 48 minutes, that is, the longest, in the pref ectural hospital. The time of tendance in eating and excretion is 2 hours and 34 minutes, that is, the longest, in our sanatorium, 28 minutes in the

著者

竹原 健二 野口 真貴子 嶋根 卓也 三砂 ちつる

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.6, pp.211-224, 2007-11-30 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

3 5

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PURPOSE : This study aims to develop a scale to measure childbirth experience quantitatively and to evaluate reliability and validity of the scale. METHODS : This is a cohort study examining relationship between childbirth experience and following physical and psychological states of mother and child. All women who gave birth at five study centers (four birthing homes and one maternity hospital) from May 2002 to August 2003 were asked to participate in the study. A total of 2314 women were recruited and 1453 of eligible women agreed to participate. Based on the literature review and the written notes by women after childbirth, a multi-disciplinary group consisting ten specialists generated 45 items for inclusion. RESULTS : After examining the content of the items of factors and correlations between factors, the CBE-scale was presented to consist of four positive factors and 18 items ; such as Happiness (4 items), Body Sense (6 items), Discovery (5 items) and Unaffected Self Expression (3 items). It was shown that the CBE-scale was internal consistency with Cronbach's Alphas and itemtotal correlation. Concurrent validity was discussed using a question of subjective attitude towards childbirth such as "Do you feel that the other women would also have the same childbirth experience as you had?" The prediction validity was confirmed using three questions as follows. "Would you like to be pregnant again and to give a birth?", "Do you enjoy being with your baby?" and "Do you feel like holding your baby in your arm all the time?" These questions were asked repeatedly at four-month-, nine-month-and sixteen-month-visits. Students' T-test and logistic regression analysis were carried out to examine relationship between these 3 items and the scale score. CONCLUSIONS : These findings support that the CBE-scale has reliability and validity. The CBE-scale has potential to measure women's subjective experience of childbirth and contribute to an assessment of the quality of care during childbirth.

著者

村上 カオル 大塚 愛子

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.2, pp.55-60,A6, 1957

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女子の体育においては, 人体美の形成ということが, 目標の一つとして考えられるであろう.<BR>従来の顔偏重の弊より腕却し, ようやく全身の均整・調和などの美が叫ばれるようになつたのは当然のことである.<BR>最近8頭身という言葉が流行語として通用し, それがあたかも美入の代名詞の如くとり扱われている. 果して8頭身は人体美の規範となるであろうか.<BR>ここに先ず, 8頭身の学詮に関し歴史的考察を行うならば, 紀元前5世紀, ギリシアの最盛期において, 有名な彫刻家Polvkleitosが, 人体の均整美に注目し, 以後実測による比較研究を行い, 途に7頭身をもつて入体の最高の構成美となした. その成果は彼の著述にも発表したといわれる. しかしその記述は現在残つていないが, それらの理念にもとすき, 全身の調和律を作つた彼の代表作が「槍をかつぐ人」 (Doryuhoros) だという.<BR>これに対し, 8頭身論をとなえたのは紀元前4世紀に活躍したLysipposである. 彼はボリュクレイトスにならい, 人体の計測的比較をなし, 頭部が全身の1/8を示す比例が最も美しいと考えた。彼のApoxyomenos「泥をかき落す青年」といわれる彫刻は, このような規準によりつくられ, 優美軽快な彫刻である.<BR>次に, 数字的にも白人の身長及び頭高に関しては, CH. Stratz<SUP>1) 2)</SUP> 以来の研究があり, 韓国人の頭部及び躯幹の計測値は景氏によつて明らかにされている<SUP>4)</SUP>. さらにStratzは日本入についても身体計測を行つている<SUP>3)</SUP>. 日本人の頭部計測に関しては, 附田氏の日本入頭型の地域差<SUP>5)</SUP>, 中山氏の近畿地方男子<SUP>6)</SUP>, 古屋氏の北陸入<SUP>7)</SUP> 等の貴重な研究がある. なお西田氏は芸術的な立場から8頭身について述ぺているが, 系統的な測完に基いたものではない<SUP>8)</SUP>.<BR>即ち, 日本人の人体構成要素の比率について系統的な測定をとげたものは, まだ見出されないようである. ここにおいて私達は頭身指数の意義, 並びに年令別・性別の推移を追求し, さらに頭身指数と体力との関係, 手長, 足長身についても測定を行つた.

著者

橘 覺勝

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.4, pp.441-457, 1931

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本研究に於ては、我図高齢者の家系に就て、統計的に塵理して、所謂長壽の家系には、果して長壽者が多く輩出するかといふ事を、多少共科墨的に剖判して見たいとの企圖によつて試みられたものである。從つて軍に壽命と一般的に題するよりは一むしる長壽云々と云つた方がよいかも知れない。それほど限定して試みたものである。

著者

竹原 健二 三砂 ちづる

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.6, pp.225-233, 2006-11-30 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1 1

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PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to develop a scale for measuring view of marriageamong young people and to examine the reliability and validity of the scale. METHODS: A cross-sectional study using self-administrated questionnaire was conducted onFebruary 2005 among 368 unmarried university students between the ages from 18 to 24 in Okinawa.The 25-items were developed via a literature study and in-depth interview university students. RESULT: As a result of the factor analysis, 6 factors and 22-items; life enrichment throughchildren (4-items), interest in marriage (4-items), happy family (3-items), sense of sacrifice and burden(5-items), marriage life contentment (3-items), independence (3-items) were extracted. It was shown that the Marriage-oriented scale was internally consistent from Cronbach's Alphas of .75. As for the validity, internal validity was supported as the score of sacrifice and burden correlated negatively with other 5 factors. The factor was constituted 5-items which meant negative attitude for marriage. The construct validity was supported as the score of ATM-scale and each factor correlated positively with 2 subjective criteria for marriage and the means of ATM-scale were significantly higher with 2 other criteria about attitude toward marriage. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support that the ATM-scale has sufficient reliability and validity. It suggests the importance of evaluation from various aspects for the view of marriage.

著者

錫村 満

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.6, pp.725-727,A45, 1959 (Released:2010-11-19)

参考文献数

11

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Data about standing height mesurements and menarchieal ages examined in 158 healthy pregnant women have been studied. The outstanding findings are as follows:1. There is a significant positive correlation (+0.13) between reported menarcheal age and standing height in 158 women born in 1924-1940.2. The correlation between menarcheal age and height of 73 women born in 1933. 1936 was more significantly positive (r=+0.40)3. The menarcheal age, in the average, annualy tend toward earlier, and the average height tend toward taller.

著者

金城 芳秀

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.3, pp.73-74, 2015 (Released:2015-07-10)

著者

甲田 光雄 飯淵 康雄 川嶋 昭司 丸山 博

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.4, pp.172-178, 1975

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This is a report of the development and results of a certain health method which was applied to the patients, 2 males and 2 females, diagnosed as "gallergic coryza". They stayed at the Health Recovery and Promoting Center at Yao from April 1, 1972, to the end of March, 1975, and practised the health-recovery-and promoting method of fasting, eating only unpolished rice and vegetable foods, and having a cold-and-hot-bath taken one minute alternatively, and so on. All four patients gradually began to take a turn for the better in such symptoms as nasal obstruction, Nasal discharges, sneeze and headache. That is, within 1 or 2 months after their accommodation, above symptoms of them were extinguished or remarkably improved.

著者

津川 武一

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.1, pp.83-88, 1943-07-01 (Released:2010-11-19)

参考文献数

16

著者

窪田 義信 福田 邦三 石原 房雄 古川 眞澄 柴 幸恒

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.5, pp.114-116,A9, 1950 (Released:2010-11-19)

参考文献数

3

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1.長野縣上伊那の三十一ケ町村に就て現在夫婦の全体調査を行い,血族結婚の濃厚度を檢した.総数で言つて血族結婚15.79%,イトコ同志結婚が9.88%,イトコとイトコの子の結婚が1.71%,マタイトコ同志の結婚が4.19%であつた.2.この人口集團の同系結婚の指標はイトコ同志單位で云つて0.11783.全町村の内で血族結婚の最も高率なのは川島村の28.4(16.43+3.62+8.21)%,同系結婚の指標は0.2029であり,また比較的最も低率なのは高遠町で9.5(6.65+1.21+1.66)%,同系結婚の指標は0.0767であつた.

著者

關口 浩 閥口 喜久

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.6, pp.117-126,A10, 1951 (Released:2010-11-19)

参考文献数

2

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The frequency of consanguineous marriage is 20.2% or 147 couples among 726. Out of these 147, 68 are marriages between cousins, 10 between children of cousins and cousins, and 69 between second cousins.Husbands and wives consanguineously marrying into the families in Miwa Village mostly originate from the same village (74.7%). Only 1.4% of them come from places outside the Upper Ina Valley. The range of mating is in the average much narrower in consanguineous marriage than otherwise.In this district there was found no indication of decrease of consanguineous marriages. It appears to have increased since 15 or 20 years, as is shown by the following table:Husband or widowerWife or Widow

著者

矢内原 啓太郎

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.5-6, pp.417-438, 1936-12-10 (Released:2010-11-19)

参考文献数

11

著者

芳賀 博 柴田 博 松崎 俊久 安村 誠司

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.5, pp.217-233, 1988

被引用文献数

41 9

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本研究は,初回調査時に比較的健常であった地域在宅老人の10年間の追跡的調査に基づいている.研究の目的は,加齢に伴うADLの変化を明らかにし,さらには,ADLの維持に関わる要因を初回調査時の身体,心理,社会的側面から検索することである. 対象は,昭和51年の初回調査に応じた69~71歳の東京都小金井市在住の男女422名である.このうち,10年後の追跡調査に応じた者は,250名であり,死亡者は102名であった. 得られた主な結果は次のとおりである. 1.10年間に死亡した者は,継続調査群に比べて初回調査時のADL総合点は低い傾向にあった. 2.10年後のADLは,歩行,食事,排泄,入浴,着脱衣のいずれにおいても低下を示し,とくに歩行の低下が最も大きかった. 3.10年後に5項目全てが「半介助」あるいは「介助」に属するいわゆる"寝たきり老人"は,男の3.7%,女の2.1%のみであった.このうち,脳卒中及び骨・関節疾患を有する者を除くと"寝たきり老人"はさらに少なかった(男2.3%,女0.8%). 4.ADLの低下は,女より男に大きい傾向であったが,その差は有意ではなかった. 5.10年後のいわゆる「老化」にともなうADL低下に有意に関連する身体的要因は,高血圧の既往「あり」(男),心電図所見「異常」(男),「肥満」(女)であった. 6.心理的要因では,ベントソ正確数が「低い」(男),身体についての悩み「あり」(女)で有意なADLの低下を認めた. 7.社会的要因では,社会活動性が「低い」ほど有意なADLの低下を示した(男女). 以上の日常生活動作能力の変化に関する予知因子の検討の結果,男女とも社会活動性が10年後のADLの転帰にもっとも関係していた.このことから,社会活動性を維持し,あるいは高めることが日常生活動作能力の保持に役立ち,余命の延長にもつながることが推測された.

著者

西川 正男 伊藤 進

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.5, pp.416-426, 1943-11-20 (Released:2010-11-19)

参考文献数

13

著者

立野 君子

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.5, pp.271-280, 1944-09-30 (Released:2010-11-19)

参考文献数

2