著者
酒沢 千嘉弘 世古 洋康 市川 邦介 福井 三郎
出版者
公益社団法人日本生物工学会
雑誌
醗酵工學雑誌 (ISSN:03675963)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.42, no.10, pp.607-614, 1964-10-25
被引用文献数
1

In a preceding paper, the fundamental conditions necessary in experiments employing the Warburg manometric technique to study the stimulatory effect of activated sludge on methane fermentation were discussed.In this paper, an attempt was made to isolate the stimulatory factors for gas production in methane fermentation from an aqueous extract of activated sludge. Fractionation of factors was carried out with Amberlite IR 120 resin, activated charcoal and paper chromatographic techniques. Results obtained showed the existence of at least three effective factors. The effects of activated sluge on methane fermentation seemed to be a complex one involving unidentified brownish colored substance as an essential factor and a group of amino acids and purine derivatives, such as adenine and hypoxanthine, as supplement factors.
著者
田口 久治 西村 公臣
出版者
公益社団法人日本生物工学会
雑誌
醗酵工學雑誌 (ISSN:03675963)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.29, no.3, pp.98-101, 1951-03-15

I. Characters of Actinomyces No. M. 1. : At the beginning, an actinomyces which produces two kinds of antibiotic substances entirely different from streptomycin and streptothricin in biological and chemical respect, was isolated. This strain, No.M.1,resembles very closely A. alboflavus, and somewhat related with A.farcinicus and A.roseus in its biochemical characteristics.II. Production of the antibiotics in the broth : When the strain was grown under submerged culture in the medium containing 1% glycerine, 0.5% meat extract, 0.5% peptone, 0.5% NaCl, the antibiotic activity reached to 88 streptomycin units (using E. coli SIRAISI as the test organism), but when glycerine was replaced by glucose, dextrine or lactose, the potency was not very high. Starch was found suitable for hte production of the antibiotics, just in the same way as the glycerine (Table 1). The anitibiotics seem to be produced in an increased quantity in the medium containing 0.25% (NH_4)_2HPO_4,or 0.005% MgSO_4,and especially when 5% Nuka-extract was added, the antibiotic activity reached to 245 units (Table 2).III. Methods of extraction : (Fig.1)1) First method of preparing antibiotic substance : The filtrate is readily extracted by the use of ethyl acetate. Then the ethyl acetate solution is concentrated to its 1/5 volume by vacuum distillation.The concentrated ethyl acetate solution is passed through alumina column.The column may be washed by passing the mixture of ethyl acetate and ether (2 : 1) through it. At first, the yellow part of the liquid comes out of the bottom containing antibiotic substance. The solvnets in this fraction will be removed by vacuum distillation, yellow powder being deposited.This substance may be tentatively designated as M1-A.2) Secondary antibiotic substance : This second substance is extracted from the residual broth left after extraction of the first substance, in the same way as those used in the isolation of streptomycin and streptothricin. This substance may be tentatively called as M1-B.IV. Chemical properties : According to the color reaction of protein and amino acid, M1-A and M1-B are different from streptomycin and streptothricin, but when they are examined by the antibacterial spectrum, M1-B resembles closely streptothricin (Table 3,Table 4). The minimum lethal doses of M1-A and M1-B are 2mg and 1mg per 20g mice respectively.
著者
中山 大樹 小池 弘子
出版者
公益社団法人日本生物工学会
雑誌
醗酵工學雑誌 (ISSN:03675963)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.43, no.3, pp.157-164, 1965-03-25
被引用文献数
1

In the Kiso district of Nagao prefecutre, there is a local pickle called sunki, a native vegetable food, prepared without brine or vinegar. The author isolated 25 strains of lactic acid bacteria from 15 specimens of sunki and five specimens of various pickles, obtained from the same distric. In this paper 19 strains of isolated rods were identified as follows : - One strain of spore bearing rod isolated from dried sunki was identified as B. coagulans Hammer. Six strains of homo-fermentative rods were identified as L. plantarum (Orla-Jensen) Holland, one strain of hetero fermentative rods was identified as L. buchneri (Henneberg) Bergey et al, and 10 strains of hetero-fermentative rods L. brevis (Orla-Jensen) Bergey et al.Among these strains two strains can be considered as new varieties, for which the authors proposed the names of L. plantarum (Orla-Jensen) Holland var. sunkorum nov. var. and L. brevis (Orla-Jensen) Bergey et al. var. otakiensis nov. var. respectively.
著者
川島 栄吉
出版者
公益社団法人日本生物工学会
雑誌
醗酵工學雑誌 (ISSN:03675963)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.51, no.1, pp.41-46, 1973

A respiration-less of Saccharomyces was cultivated by the batch or the continuous method in a culture stirred fermenter with glucose as the limiting substrate. In the batch cluture, initial conditions had an important effect upon the characteristics of the lag phase. The inoculation of more cells, or more active cells, shortened the period of the lag pahse. Monod's equation could not explain the above experimental results. And so, a mathematical model for the microbial growth process aws presented on the assumption that the growth rate is controlled in two steps and the lag phase is represented Eqs. 1 to 7. The parameters involved in the above equations were estimated by certain experimental data. The activity of cell accounted by the intermediate drived from glucose in cell. On the other hand, for the continuous culture, substituting in these equations with the mass balance ezuations, two steady states were obtained for each dilution rate; one was stable and the other was unstable. It was suggested that continuous culture may tend to wash out under certain initial conditions, in spite of a lower dilution rate.