著者

小尾 紀行

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.5, 2009-05-01

著者

柴田 承二

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.6, 1980-06-01

著者

内林 政夫

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 = Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.126, no.12, pp.1341-1349, 2006-12-01

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

1 1

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&nbsp;&nbsp;An overview is presented on the reports available so far on sweet potato, <i>Ipomoea batatas</i>, cultivated widely in Polynesia in the pre-Columbian era, with reference to possible ways and presumptive dates of transfer from the Americas to Polynesia, such as (1) Polynesian navigators' travel to Peru, (2) Peruvian fishermen's drift westward, (3) vessel drift, (4) seed drift, (5) root-tuber drift, and (6) transport by birds. The author supports the case (1) as most plausible. <i>Ganshu</i> or <i>Ganchu</i> described in the old Chinese herbal books is identified as <i>Dioscorea esculenta</i>. An introduction of the tuber to China and Japan is briefly mentioned.<br>

著者

米谷 民雄 鈴木 資子 岩崎 恭子 久保田 浩樹 山田 隆

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

衛生化学 (ISSN:0013273X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.3, pp.241-247, 1996-06-30

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

1

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Maltol is a food additive used worldwide, while it enhances the brain toxicity of aluminum (Al). Al injected with maltol is primarily transferred to the liver and so it may also cause hepatic injury. Kojic acid is used as a food additive in Japan and is structurally related to maltol. Therefore, the hepatotoxicity of Al with maltol was compared to that of Al with kojic acid in mice. Al injected intravenously with maltol in a 1 : 4 molar ratio at a dose of 0.25 mmol Al/kg caused an increase in the plasma activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) despite lower hepatic Al concentration than those found after administration in a 1 : 2 molar ratio and with Al only. At the same time, hepatic phosphorus and sulfur (S) levels decreased. The decrease in the S level was ascribed to that in the taurine content. The increase in urinary taurine was also observed. Al alone, maltol alone, or Al : kojic acid at a ratio of 1 : 4 did not alter the plasma activities of AST and ALT or the hepatic element levels. These findings may suggest that tris (maltolato) aluminum (III) (Al (maltol)_3) is a hepatotoxin.

著者

鈴木 久美子 采 輝昭 山崎 幹夫

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.108, no.3, pp.221-225, 1988

被引用文献数

7

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A fraction causing diarrhea to mice with a hemolytic activity was previously isolated from the aqueous extract of a poisonous mushroom Rhodophyllus rhodopolius. In order to clarify the relationship between the enterotoxicity and hemolytic activity, the hemolysin was purified. The hemolysin which was partially purified by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography, ammonium sulfate precipitation, and Sephacryl S-300 column chromatography, caused diarrhea and intestinal hemorrhage to suckling mice. The molecular weight of the hemolysin was estimated to be about 40000 by SDS-slab polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and gel filtration. The hemolytic activity of the hemolysin was observed to be relatively heat-stable in the crude extract and dependent on the temperature and concentration of erythrocytes.

著者

中村 能久

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.12, pp.1255-1256, 2009-12-01

参考文献数

4

著者

森田 秀行 小西 徹也

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.102, no.2, pp.215-220, 1982-02-25

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High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) by use of a reverse phase column (TSK LS410K) was applied to determine the residual dithiothreitol, iodoacetamide and oxidized dithiothreitol in the alkylated human immunoglobulin (AHIG). After extraction by ethyl acetate, the above compounds were separated by HPLC with MeOH-H_2O (60 : 40 v/v) as solvent. Determination was completed within 5 min with high reproducibility. Less than 0.5 ppm for each residual substance could be quantitated. The method was quite suitable for the routine analysis of the residual contaminants in AHIG.

著者

新甫 勇次郎 山崎 律 中島 嘉次郎 伊東 宏 竹下 尚 金城 順英 野原 稔弘

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.110, no.8, pp.604-611, 1990-08-25

被引用文献数

14

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The present study was designed to examine the effects of methanolic extract (PE-ME), isoflavonoid fraction (PF-IF), triterpenoid saponin fraction (PF-SP) and N-acyl-N_1-glucosyl-tryptophan (PF-P) isolated from puerariae flos on alcohol-induced unusual metabolism (as for glucose (BG), triglyceride (TG), and urea nitrogen (BUN) level in blood) and experimental liver injury (model : CCl_4-and high fatty food induced) in mice. These alcohol-induced increasing responses were inhibited by the extracted and refined substances from puerariae flos. In short, PF-ME (4500 mg/kg) and PF-P (400 mg/kg) inhibited an increase in BG level induced by alcohol, whereas PF-IF (1000 mg/kg) and PF-SP (1000 mg/kg) did not. Similary, PF-ME and PF-SP inhibited an increase in TG induced by alcohol, whereas PF-IF did not. In addition, PF-IF and PF-SP inhibited increasing BUN level. Still more, PF-IF and PF-SP significantly inhibited an increase in gulutamate oxalacetate transaminase or gulutamate pyruvate transaminase level induced by high-fatty food and CCl_4 in control animals. Especially PF-IF (250 mg/kg) administration showed a remarkable effect (inhibition : 76.3%) in control animals. These results suggested that puerariae flos or its combination drugs may be a useful drug as a traditional medicinal system for counteraction to drinking.

著者

新甫 勇次郎 山崎 律 中島 嘉次郎 伊東 宏 竹下 尚 金城 順英 野原 稔弘

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.109, no.6, pp.424-431, 1989-06-25

被引用文献数

12

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In the general rule, Puerariae Flos or it's combination drugs are used in traditional medicinal system for counteraction to drinking among Japanese and Chinese therapy. One of such drugs is Kakkakaiseito. Here we report the results of investigation on some pharmacological actions including alcoholic metabolism. The experiments were carried out to confirm its actual effect on alcohol, acetaldehyde and ketone body metabolism in the blood and the alteration of behaviour pattern of mice. Drugs used in this study were methanolic extract (PF-ME), isoflavonoid fraction (PF-IF) and triterpenoid saponin fraction (PF-SP) isolated from Puerariae Flos. Each drug was orally administrated to mice. These results were shown as follows : the concentrations of blood alcohol and acetaldehyde decreased more after the treatment with PF-IF (800 mg/kg) than those of the control group. This fact was evidenced remarkable effects with area under the blood concentration-time curve, mean residence time, and variance residence time and values on the moment analysis. However, a reduction effect was not recognized by the treatment with PF-SP (1000 mg/kg). Moreover, PF-ME and PF-IF suppressed the increment of spontaneous movement induced by alcohol administration, whereas PF-SP did not prevent the decrease in the increment caused by alcohol administration. These results support the basis that Puerariae Flos or its combination drugs is used in a traditional medicinal system for counteraction to drinking. However, further investigation is necessary.

著者

栗原 藤三郎 菊地 正雄

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.95, no.11, pp.1283-1285, 1975-11-25

被引用文献数

4

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A new isoflavone glycoside, kakkalide, was isolated from the methanol extract of fresh flower of Pueraria thunbergiana BENTH., and its chemical structure was determined as irisolidone-7-β-D-xylopyranosyl-6-O-β-D-glucopyranoside

著者

永井 恒司

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 = Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.123, no.3, pp.143-150, 2003-03-01

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

4

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In Japanese pharmaceutical community, there seems to be a lack of “Science of Science” and “Research on Research” which are to utilize unit sciences and research for the benefit of human being. In other words, pharmaceutical people in Japan should have much more pharmaceutical philosophy. The late Professor Komei Miyaki, founder Editor-in-Chief of FARUMASHIA, the monthly membership magazine of Pharmaceutical Society of Japan, under whom I worked as one of editorial board members, taught me that scientists should have their own philosophy of their sciences. Such a pharmaceutical philosophy as mentioned above should be established on the basis of complete separation of medical profession between doctors and pharmacists, which form the most important and necessary issue in safety assurance for patients with the complete zero defect (ZD action), as there is a long history for that in Europe since the separation was completed by King Friedrich II in 1240. Therefore, we have to learn the social status of European/American pharmacist practitioners who are the great No. 1 among all the professions. European pharmacists guarantee the safety of every chemical used for human body and pets, such as medicines, cosmetics, foods, tooth stuffs and so on. Regarding the pharmaceutical sciences in Japan also there seems to be a lack of pharmaceutical philosophy, as pharmaceutical scientists have no identity in research object that may be similar to basic scientists who are non-pharmacy graduates. Japanese sciences generally have developed along the lines of the Western model, reaching the current high level. We now not only should receive profits from the outside but also should embark on a mission to support pharmaceutical sciences throughout the world, especially Asian courtiers. At the present, we do not seem to be fulfilling our mission to do that, even though general activity includes significant international exchange. We have to make much more effort for international contribution/participation. For that, the most important and necessary issue is to make change in fundamental sense in Japanese pharmaceutical community, though an internationalization of technological issues is usually taken into consideration. In this connection, regarding the new drug development, we must have a change in the sense to establish pharmaceutical philosophy and jump up in conception from the existing one. Based on the above mentioned pharmaceutical philosophy, seven star pharmacists should be educated as described in 2000 FIP Statement of Policy: Good Pharmacy Education Practice, who could be a (1) care giver; (2) decision maker; (3) communicator; (4)leader; (5) manager; (6) life-long learner; (7)teacher.<br>

著者

石井 康子 谷澤 久之 池本 長司 滝野 吉雄

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.101, no.3, pp.254-258, 1981

被引用文献数

4 7

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Cathartic effects of Aloe pulv. (J. P. IX) and pulv. of Aloe arborescens MILL. var. natalensis BERGER (Kidachialoe) were examined in mice and rats by oral administration. It was found that rats were more suitable than mice. Additionally, no sex difference in rats was observed. Cathartic activity (ED<SUB>50</SUB>) in male rats was 84.3 mg/kg in Aloe pulv., and 900 mg/kg in Kidachialoe pulv. Several experiments to find the mechanism of cathartic effect of Aloe were done. It was considered that Aloe acted on the large intestine mainly, and that process of activation of Aloe by intestinal flora was necessary to act. It was considered that main cathartic component of Aloe was barbaloin by comparision of barbaloin contents in Aloe and cathartic activity. Then, it was concluded that barbaloin represented cathartic activity of Aloe.

著者

山崎 高應

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.1, 1982-01-01

著者

飯盛 挺造

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

no.5, pp.140-144, 1882-04

著者

飯盛 挺造

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

no.6, pp.172-178, 1882-05

著者

丹波 敬三

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

no.408, 1916-02-26

著者

飯盛 挺造

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

no.194, pp.330-339, 1898-04-26

著者

飯盛 挺造

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

no.336, pp.99-103, 1910-02-26

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水ノ表面張力ニ由テ金屬ノ球・線・板等ノ如キ比重大ナルモノ、一定量モ亦能ク之ヲ水面ニ浮メ得ルヤ否ヤ先ツ之ヲ水銀球ニ由リ然ル後鉛球ヲ以テ研究シ其一定量ハ浮泛スルコトヲ證明セリ

著者

吉川 雅之 P0NGPIRIYADACHA Yutana 來住 明宣 蔭浦 禎士 王 涛 森川 敏生 松田 久司

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.123, no.10, pp.871-880, 2003-10-01

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

15 63

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デチンムル科(Hippocerateaceae)Salacia属植物は,インド,スリランカを始め,タイやインドネシアなどの東南アジア,ブラジルなどの熱帯地域に広く分布し,約120種が知られている.スリランカ,インド,タイなどに多く自生するSalacia(S.)reticulata,S.oblonga及びS.chinensis(syn.S.prinoides)は,つる性の多年性木本で,その根部や幹は,インドやスリランカの伝統医学であるアーユルヴェーダを始め,中国やタイの伝承医学などにおいて天然薬物として利用されてきた.スリランカでは,S.reticulataの根皮は,リウマチ,淋病及び皮膚病の治療に用いられるほか,特に糖尿病の初期の治療に有効であると伝承されている.インドでは,S.reticulataやS.oblongaの根部が,リウマチ,淋病,皮膚病及び糖尿病の治療に用いられている.S.chinensisは,S.prinoidesと同一植物であると言われており,インドや中国及びタイ,インドネシアなどの東南アジアに広く分布している.インドにおいては,S.prinoidesは糖尿病の治療のほかに,堕胎,通経,性病の治療に用いられている.一方,中国伝統医学では,S.prinoidesはサラツボクと称され,リウマチ性関節炎,腰筋の疲労,体力の虚脱や無力感の改善に用いられている.タイにおいてはS.chinensisの幹の煎じ液が緩下や筋肉痛の緩和によいとされているが,糖尿病や肥満の治療に用いられることはない.我々は,代表的な生活習慣病の1つで,現在日本人の約1割が発病又はその予備軍と言われている糖尿病あるいはその主たる因子の1つとされている肥満の予防に役立つ機能性素材を世界各地の薬用食物に求めて解明研究を進めている.その探索研究の一環として,スリランカ産S.reticulata及びインド産S.oblongaの幹及び根部エキスにショ糖負荷ラットにおける強い血糖値上昇抑制活性を見出し,その作用メカニズムが糖質加水分解酵素阻害作用であることを明らかにした.また,活性成分として,新奇なチオ糖スルホニウム硫酸分子内塩構造を有するsalacinol(1)及びkotalanol(2)を単離するとともに,1や2が,市販のα-glucosidase阻害薬と同等の強いα-glucosidase阻害や糖の吸収抑制作用を示すことを見出した.また,糖尿病性合併症である白内障や神経障害に関与するポリオール代謝系の律速酵素であるaldose還元酵素に対する阻害作用成分を探索したところ,Salacia属植物から活性成分としてmangiferin(3)及び数種のトリテルペン類を見出した.さらに,肥満及び肝障害など種々の生活習慣病に関連した活性評価を行い,3やポリフェノール成分などに活性を見出している.これまでに,タイ産S.chinensisの成分として,茎からdulcitol,proanhocyanidin及びleucopelargoninの2量体が単離され,葉からはproanthocyanidinが単離されている.また,インド産S.prinoidesから多数のトリテルペン成分が報告されている.最近,Salacia属植物の幹部や根部がダイエット素材としていわゆる健康食品に利用されるようになっている.しかし,これらのSalacia属植物は,現在のところいずれも栽培化に成功しておらず,もっぱら野生品が供給されているのが現状で,基源植物の同定を始め採取地や採取時期などが明確でないことも多い.また,抗糖尿病関連の活性が伝承されていないタイ産S.chinensisが,ダイエット素材として利用されている.今回,タイ産S.chinensisの80%含水メタノール抽出エキスについて,スリランカ産S.reticulataとインド産S.oblongaとの比較のもとに,抗糖尿病作用や炎症に関連した活性評価試験として,i)糖負荷ラットにおける血糖値上昇抑制作用(in vivo,ii)ラット小腸刷子縁膜由来及びパン酵母由来α-glucosidase阻害活性,iii)ラットレンズ由来aldose還元酵素阻害活性(in vivo),iv)アマドリ化合物及び終末糖化産物[advanced glycation end-products(AGEs)]生成抑制活性,v)DPPH及びO^-_2ラジカル消去活性,vi)マウス腹腔マクロファージからのリポ多糖(LPS)誘発一酸化窒素(NO)産生抑制活性について検討した.また,S.chinensisの80%含水メタノール抽出エキスからsalacinol(1)を単離,同定するとともに,タイ各地で入手したS.chinensisについてラット小腸由来α-glucosidase阻害活性を比較した結果について報告する.

著者

飯塚 幸澄 櫻井 栄一 田中 頼久

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 = Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.121, no.5, pp.365-369, 2001-05-01

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

7 10

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The antidiabetic effect of hot water extracts from Folium Mori was investigated in GK rat; one of the animal models of non-insulin dependent diabetic mellitus types. Folium Mori extracts (150 mg/kg) significantly reduced the blood glucose of GK rat from 203.8&plusmn;29.8 to 138.5&plusmn;21.2 mg/dl at 14 days after oral administration. However, in normal rats, blood glucose and insulin levels were not changed by treatment with Folium Mori. The Folium Mori also decreased blood glucose and improved glucose tolerance at 14 days after repeated administration in GK rats. The Folium Mori treatment significantly increased glucose metabolism in the glucose clamp test for GK rats. These results suggest that Folium Mori has quite unique properties such as raising insulin sensitivity and improving insulin resistance.