著者

浜田 幸絵

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, pp.111-131, 2011-07-31 (Released:2017-10-06)

参考文献数

23

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This article examines media representations of the 1932 Olympic Games in Japanese newspapers. In Japan, the Olympics attained a certain level of popularity for the first time in 1932. Previous studies have shown that the Japanese mass media, particularly after the Manchurian Incident of 1931, played an important role in the militarization of the country. On the other hand, idealistic universalism has been claimed globally in the realm of international sports. This research attempts to explore the relationships between extreme nationalism and internationalism in Japanese media coverage of international sports in the early 1930s. Methodologically, the study uses both quantitative and qualitative textural analysis. First, the coverage of the 1932 Games in three newspapers (Tokyo Asahi Shimbun, Tokyo Nichinichi Shimbun, and Yomiuri Shimbun), and that of the 1928 Games in Tokyo Asahi Shimbun is analyzed quantitatively. Second, newspaper articles about the departure of the Japanese team, the opening and closing ceremonies, and the victory of a Japanese athlete, are analyzed qualitatively with a view to explore the roles of Olympic media reports in reconstituting nationalism. The results suggest that Japanese media coverage of the 1932 Olympics, differing from that of previous Olympics, was characterized by (1) the frequent appearance of national symbols of Japan (for example, the national flag, the national anthem, and representations of the emperor) and deictics (for example, "our athletes" and "homeland"), (2) the differentiation of "Others" (for example, stereotypical portrayals of non-Japanese athletes admiring "our Japanese athletes"), (3) the frequent use of the metaphor of warfare, and (4) representations of social relationships in Japan (for example, the dramatization of Japanese athletes and their families). Rather than being merely jingoism, this contains two elements: one is a discourse that makes people feel a belonging to the nation, which is a part of the international community, and the other is a discourse that is essentially nationalistic and patriotic, emphasizing the divinity of the Japanese national symbols.

著者

毛利 嘉孝

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, pp.216-217, 2016

著者

田宮 武

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

新聞学評論 (ISSN:04886550)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.188-193, 1965

著者

北田 暁大

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, pp.83-96,213, 1998-07-31 (Released:2017-10-06)

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Offering the proposition "Media is the messages, " Murshall McLuhan indicated that the modality of media consumption can define our kinetic sense and thoughts. The unfortunate acceptance of McLuhan's arguments invited the lack of the sociological scrutiny. This paper will rethink the theoretical implication of McLuhan's proposition from the viewpoints of social system theory developed by Niklas Luhmann. His theory clarifies the theoretical difference between face-to-face communication and mediated communication, and the concept of "observation" will give us the alternative idea of "Medialiteracy".

著者

片山 慶隆

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, pp.161-180, 2015-01-31 (Released:2017-10-06)

参考文献数

80

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The purpose of this article is to investigate Japanese newspaper reports on the Korean Secret Mission to the Second Peace Conference at The Hague and the Third Japanese-Korean Treaty in 1907. This paper analyzes ten Japanese Newspapers-Osaka Mainichi Shimbun, Tokyo Nichinichi Shimbun, Miyako Shimbun, Yorozu Cyoho, Tokyo Niroku Shimbun, Osaka Asahi Shimbun, Tokyo Asahi Shimbun, Kokumin Shimbun, Jiji Shimpo, Hochi Shimbun-especially Osaka Mainichi Shimbun. Although there has been much academic research on the history of Japan-Korea relations in the past, there have been few media history studies. Takaishi Shingoro, special correspondent at The Hague for the Osaka Mainichi Shimbun, reported the Korean Secret Mission to the Second Peace Conference at The Hague objectively. Three Koreans accused Japan of ruling Korea in the newspaper Courrier de la Conference. Some Japanese newspapers feared that foreign journalists expressed sympathy with Korea. Much of the Japanese press supported the Third Japanese-Korean Treaty. In contrast, much of the Japanese media criticized The Second Japanese-Korean Treaty in 1905 and few newspapers insisted on Japan's Annexation of Korea. Almost all of the Japanese media were calmer then compared to two years ago. Probably foreign journalists' sympathizing with Korea influenced this change in much of the Japanese media.

著者

韓 永學

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, pp.123-141, 2014-07-31 (Released:2017-10-06)

参考文献数

27

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The objective of this article is to explore the status of the right to know in the special secrecy law. I found that the law gives much attention to safeguarding "special secrets" but has no regard for the people's right to know. Firstly, the law virtually admits its classification of what is a special secret is too wide-ranging, but restricts the declassification and disclosure of such secrets. Also the law has a chilling effect on whistle-blowing. Secondly, there is little guarantee of the Japanese Diet, the court and third party organizations checking on the enforcement of the special secrecy law. Thirdly, the provision in consideration of press freedom in the law does not have a substantial effect. In view of these serious defects, the law should be abolished or radically amended.

著者

山腰 修三

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.90, pp.47-63, 2017-01-31 (Released:2017-10-06)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

1

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This paper argues for the need to draw on political and social theory in the field of media and communication studies. Hegemony is the main focus in this paper. This theoretical term was introduced into media and communication studies in Japan through cultural studies in the 1980s. Stuart Hall, who is the theoretical figurehead of cultural studies, applied the concept of hegemony in media and communication studies. His theoretical model, “encoding/decoding,” became one of the “standard” theories in this field. However, since the decline of cultural studies, media and communication studies in Japan has not concerned itself with the theoretical development of this concept. This paper examines how new theories of hegemony and discourse were developed by political theorist Ernest Laclau. As pioneers of the theory of radi

著者

田辺 龍

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, pp.42-53, 2006-01-31 (Released:2017-10-06)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

2

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'2ch (2 channel)' is the most popular anonymous BBS in Japan. It consists of hundreds of categories called 'ita (board)', and each ita also consists of hundreds of threads. Occasionally many responses are noted on some threads instantaneously, but most of these phenomena are regarded as consummatory communications like so-called 'matsuri (festival)' not as public opinion. But some of these have possibility of becoming public opinion when these are referred by other web sites, covered by mass media. So the inter-media relations can make anonymous BBS rouse public opinion, when an argument in some thread is cited by other media one after another.

著者

音 好宏

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, pp.220-221, 2016

著者

福間 良明

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, pp.3-5, 2010

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<p>We reached a point to look back at a history after war by passing more</p><p>than 60 years after the end of the war. Nostalgia for Showa period recently can</p><p>be the one of the example. However, while the image of nostalgic Showa period</p><p>is still alive and people comfortably recollect the past, some memory was</p><p>pushed away and some memory is meaningly selected. And then, this phenomenon</p><p>has not seen only recently.</p><p> Before the war, during the war, after the war, also Showa period, what</p><p>kind of memory has been selected and pushed away. Focusing this kind of phenomenon,</p><p>the theme of this special edition gives us some thought of the politics</p><p>of the story of Showa period.</p><p> In addition, these points are focused for the discussion among our academy.</p><p>In the spring academic meeting 2009, the title of the first symposium was" The</p><p>memory of Showa period and public opinion or popular sentiments". Also the</p><p>workshops such as" War and journalism"( media history academic project) and</p><p>"Visual image of 'the memory of war' and archive" have held under similar</p><p>theme.</p><p> This special edition has been projected including the study trends above.</p><p>6 papers in this journal have been written independently, however, we can find</p><p>out some similarity of examining of' Showa' and' the booms of Showa' in the</p><p>view point of media study and mass communication study.</p><p> I wish to activate the discussion in this field after the publication of this</p><p>special edition.</p>

著者

黒田 勇

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, pp.275-276, 2010

著者

今西 光男

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, pp.85-104, 2010

著者

阿部 潔 成実 弘至 岩渕 功一 林 香里 辻 大介 毛利 嘉孝

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, pp.236-238, 2007

著者

井川 充雄

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, pp.53-64, 2014-01-31 (Released:2017-10-06)

参考文献数

25

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During the 1950s and 1960s, major Japanese newspapers mostly took positions in favor of the peaceful use of nuclear power without raising any questions about such use. Therefore, issues regarding the peaceful use of nuclear power were rarely mentioned in public opinion polls. In the meantime, however, the United States Information Agency (USIA) was conducting public opinion polls in Japan at the time. These public opinion polls reveal that compared to Europeans, a higher percentage of Japanese people tended to regard nuclear power as something that brings "curse" rather than "boon" to humanity. Even in those days, the Japanese were reluctant to adopt a clear-cut attitude that favored the peaceful use of nuclear power over its use for military purposes. What is also important is the fact that even during the 1970s and beyond, when non-academic researchers belonging to electric power companies and affiliated think tanks began to study topics related to nuclear power and public opinion or mass media, such topics were rarely discussed in academia and a few academic studies conducted on such topics had almost nothing in common with non-academic studies. In the future, it will be necessary to enhance research in these fields instead of making it an ephemeral phenomenon after the Great East Japan Earthquake.

著者

北村 肇 潮見 憲三郎 浅野 健一 鶴木 眞

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, 1997

著者

篠原 俊行 石川 明

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, pp.230-231, 1993

著者

成田 康昭

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, pp.81-89, 2011-01-31 (Released:2017-10-06)

参考文献数

9

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In this article, I examined the aspect of "the reality", that the media creates, has incorporated into the culture. The issue of "the reality of the media" in the mass media situation was almost considered to be a "genre" problem until now. The mass media prescribed a reality principle by every promise of the genre form. In the new media communication that the Internet created, "the reality of the media" has become a new issue recently. There are two types of "reality", the reality in daily face-to-face communication and the reality of the media. Is it both existing "reality" of a same type or a different type? In other words, is it "reality" to unfold on a totally different principle? According to the multiple reality theory in the phenomenological sociology of Schutz, "I" am conscious of the world as a thing consisting of multiple realities. He calls "reality" of the special privilege "daily reality" or "paramount reality", in the world of inter-subjectivity, shared with another person within that world. Schutz pays attention to the point that there are the reference relations of two kinds in "appresentation" of Husserl. Symbolic appresentation transcends the world of the daily life and gives there expression, and the appresentation except it. Because the symbolic appresentation transcends a finite province of meaning called the everyday life, the side appresenting belongs to everyday life, but the appresented member has its reality in another finite province of meaning or in James's terminology, "subunivers". "Reality of the media" is the reality that the media appresent. Limitation of the power about the reality construction of "paramount reality" does not extend to the world that the media does appresent. Media space is the world of "the reality" in the open type for the horizon which is a same word of "symbolic" by Schutz. In the new situation of media communication represented by the Internet, it is necessary to update a definition of "reality" in the media culture with a concept of "reality of the media".

著者

小川 博司 粟谷 佳司 成田 康昭 加藤 晴明

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, pp.159-160, 2000

著者

原 寿雄

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

新聞学評論 (ISSN:04886550)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, pp.112-114, 1984-06-01 (Released:2017-10-06)

著者

安野 智子

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, pp.44-61,203, 2002-01-31 (Released:2017-10-06)

被引用文献数

1

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The spiral of silence theory is known as one of the most influential public opinion theories but it has not been verified well. Though a meta-analysis reported the small but significant relationship between subjective pervasiveness of respondents' opinion and the willingness to express their opinions (Glynn et al., 1997), findings are inconsistent. One of the main reasons of inconsistency is, as many researchers have pointed out, the difficulty in manipulation of theoretical assumptions. Reexamining main assumptions of the theory and findings of the spiral of silence studies, the author suggests that further investigation of the hardcore is required from the point of view of social networks.