著者

松村 昌廣 Masahiro Matsumura

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山法学 (ISSN:13481312)

巻号頁・発行日

no.1, pp.235-297, 2003-03

著者

金江 亮

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学経済経営論集 = ST.ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS REVIEW (ISSN:02869721)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.1, pp.139-152, 2019-07-26

著者

本多 隆司

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

人間文化研究 = Journal of Humanities Research St. Andrew's University (ISSN:21889031)

巻号頁・発行日

no.6, pp.261-276, 2017-03-10

著者

渡辺 邦博

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学経済経営論集 = ST.ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS REVIEW (ISSN:02869721)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.2, pp.61-102, 2020-10-19

著者

松端 克文 Katsufumi Matsunohana

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.3, pp.93-108, 2010-03

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The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of social planning for people with disabilities on the process of deinstitutionalization. Deinstitutionalization or `from institution to community' has been perhaps the most important subject in the way services for people with intellectual disabilities have been organized in Japan. The provision of institutional care in Japan increased continuously from its establishment in the middle of the last century up until 2002, when the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare made the 2002 Plan for People with Disabilities. The Plan recommended that more provision should be made to house people with intellectual disabilities in group-homes within the community, rather than build new institutions. And the Services and Support for Persons with Disabilities Act of 2005 stipulated that ten percent of people living in institutions should be transferred to community living. Unfortunately, many people who transferred from institutions have returned to their parents' home and increased the burden of care on their families. Therefore in the creation of alternatives to institutions lies the task, not only of building new placements within the community, but also of finding new ways of organizing services and providing help and support, especially for people with the most extensive needs. A new vision of community services is required, focusing on such things as primacy of community living, emphasis on social relationships, individual-centered support, and personal choice and control. This is the greatest challenge facing all modern societies.

著者

松村 昌廣 Masahiro Matsumura

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.1, pp.27-45, 2008-06

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Over the last two decades or so, the People's Republic of China has sustained very high economic growth rates. China is now a significant international factor for Japan's economic performance, given that Japan's bilateral trade with China has surpassed that with the United States, at least in volume.This study analyzes the widening multifaceted structural imbalances and other contradictions that have resulted from China's unidimensional growth, with a major focus on domestic and international political challenges that have been posed to the developmental dictatorship under the Chinese Communist Party. This analysis is followed by a preliminary discussion on the durability of the current regime under deepening socio-economic contradictions, and on its external policies, in the light of these two variables' dynamic interactions.Through the editing and translation of a series of this author's op-ed essays, published in English elsewhere, this work will take an interdisciplinary, comprehensive approach to the contemporary Chinese political economy, including many important issues such as Taiwan independence/unification and Japan's history debate.

著者

吉弘 憲介

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = ST. ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.3, pp.99-113, 2020-03-10

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In Japan’s high elderly society, the private sector has had the role provided rental houses to besatisfied with safety life for older people since 2011 established regarding the law.Notably, the caring serviced housing for older people was increasing rapidly after 2011.However, the caring serviced housing number, price, and condition vary according to prefecturearea and corporate type.This survey appears in varying housing conditions and geographical features of the caring servicedhousing for older people by using a statistical approach and GIS.

著者

西野 真由 大島 一二

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学経済経営論集 = ST.ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS REVIEW (ISSN:02869721)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.2, pp.63-78, 2018-10-17

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Taiwan has been accepting foreign labor forces since early 1990’s.Studies related to foreign workers in Taiwan so far are mainly analyzinghistory of acceptance, current state and background of the acceptingsystem, changes in the number of workers, and influences on Taiwaneseworkers and the industrial structure there. Meanwhile, recent studies havenot accumulated enough data to clarify the actual state of foreignemployment and companies accepting them. Considering the fact thatTaiwan has many similar problems to what Japan has now such as adeclining birthrate and an aging population, the author infers that beneficialsuggestions can be gained from the case in this study to consider changesto Japanese policy for accepting foreign workers in the future.In this study, it examined the actual state of accepting foreign workersfor unskilled labor in Taiwan by using various statistical data and theresult of the field research at a Japanese company A in Taiwan, whilefocusing on an outline of foreign workers for unskilled labor in Taiwan,background for accepting them by companies, their employment situations,and processes for them getting employed.From the result of this study, it is evident that the number of foreignworkers for unskilled labor has been rapidly increasing in Taiwan since the1990’s to supply serious labor shortages, mainly in the constructionindustry, the manufacturing industry and the service industry. Japanesecompanies there are not exceptions and it is inevitable that company A,the research object, has to accept foreign workers to continue theirproduction. It has been revealed that these foreign workers are consideredto be an important labor force to solve the severe labor shortage problemrather than an inexpensive labor force because a wage level for theseworkers is not much different from Taiwanese workers in a same industry.While expecting that dependency on foreign workers for unskilled laborwill continue to increase in Taiwan, it isn’t certain if enough workers willbe found as had previously been the case. Whether or not Taiwan will bechosen as a destination country for emigration is a subject for futureexamination, with changes of economic circumstances in countries, mostlyin Southeast Asia where countries send out workers, or with changes ofpolicies for accepting foreign workers for unskilled labor in countrieswhere there is a short fall in the labor force such as South Korea.The number of foreign workers in Japan has been increasing due tosimilar problems such as a declining birthrate, an aging population and alabor shortage as previously mentioned. In Japan, however, it is notpermitted to accept foreign workers for unskilled labor and as a result thenumber of international students or technical interns is increasing sincethis is a mechanism being used to bypass this current restriction. This gapbetween the principle and the reality causes various problems particularlyover technical interns. A labor shortage is not a peculiar problem only toJapan, as examined in this study, Taiwan has been short of unskilledlaborers for a long period of time. In conclusion, Japanese government,companies, employers, and communities will have to be together as oneand work immediately on creating a new system, preparing an appropriateframework for accepting and supporting foreign workers to be chosencontinuously on a long-term basis as a destination country to emigrate to,while a scramble for unskilled labor among Taiwan, Japan and South Koreais becoming more obvious.

著者

大島 一二 西野 真由

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = ST. ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.1-13, 2020-12-10

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In this paper, we examined the actual situation of accepting foreign workers in Taiwan fromvarious statistical data.In recent years, Taiwan’s declining birthrate, aging population, and declining population haveincreased the working conditions demanded by domestic workers, and have caused a seriouslabor shortage, particularly in the construction, manufacturing, and service industries. Therefore,the number of foreign simple workers is increasing rapidly to compensate for the labor shortage. These circumstances have much in common with Japan.The wage levels of foreign single workers are not significantly different from those of Taiwanese workers in the same industry. In other words, Taiwan is recognized as an important workforce to solve the labor shortage more serious than hiring cheap labor.Dependence on foreign unskilled workers is expected to increase in Taiwan in the future,but there are also some issues that we are facing. First, it is uncertain whether it will be possible to secure a labor force as before. Increasing crime and disappearance by foreign workersis also a major issue.

著者

小池 誠

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = ST. ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.61-80, 2020-12-10

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This paper is the second report on the research project titled "Interdisciplinary Study of Mutual Cultural Exchange between Japan and Indonesia(II)," which was funded by the ResearchInstitute of St. Andrew's University. Formerly, most people living in Jakarta and other big citiesin Java were not familiar with the name of Sumba Island, located on the periphery of easternIndonesia, one of the country's most sparsely populated and impoverished regions. Since fourIndonesian films shot on Sumba were released in the 2010s, however, the island has becomepopular as a tourist destination. Recent development of tourism is significant, as shown by statistics issued by local governments of East Nusa Tenggara Province and East Sumba Regency.The number of tourists visiting East Sumba increased annually from 2012 to 2017, with the increasing rate of domestic tourists more conspicuous than that of international tourists. This paper aims to explore how filmmakers based in Jakarta have represented the landscapes and cultures of Sumba and how these cinematic images attract tourists living in urban areas and influence the development of tourism on Sumba. The paper also discusses the importance of socialmedia from which people acquire travel information. This study of tourism focuses on four Indonesian films. Pendekar Tongkat Emas(The Golden Cane Warrior)is a martial-arts film directed by Ifa Isfansyah and released in 2014. The producers, Mira Lesmana and Riri Riza, selectedSumba as the shooting location for a legendary story developing in an anonymous land. Thesecond film, Susah Sinyal(Handphone is Difficult to be Connected), is a comedy directed byErnest Prakasa. Sumba appears as a vacation spot for a busy lawyer and her daughter living inJakarta. The third is Marlina si Pembunuh dalam Empat Babak(Marlina the Murderer in FourActs), a 2017 drama directed by Mouly Surya. The fourth is Humba Dreams, a 2019 film directedby Riri Riza and produced by Mira Lesmana, which depicts the growth of a Sumbanese studentcoming back from Jakarta. Rugged and undulating savannah hills and valleys, which are totallydifferent from Javanese landscapes, are highlighted in all the films. Especially, the film SusahSinyal depicts unique and beautiful tourist destinations such as Walakiri Beach and TanggeduWaterfall in East Sumba. In addition to films, social media that are prevalent among Indonesiansare contributing to the increase in domestic tourists. Most people can obtain sightseeing information easily by using smartphones. Visitors also often post photos they take at tourist destinations, as well as comments, on Instagram. These contents attract more tourists to Sumba aswell.

著者

濵村 純平

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学経済経営論集 = ST.ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS REVIEW (ISSN:02869721)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.1, pp.47-63, 2020-07-26

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This study focuses on a rank reward system used in the Japanese voiceactor/actress industry. We explore the differences between the traditionaland the rank reward systems from the perspective of the levers of control.Consequently, we suggest that the rank reward system may haveproperties of interactive control systems in the management of employees,while the traditional reward system is a diagnostic control system.

著者

谷山 智彦 Tomohiko Taniyama 桃山学院大学文学研究科

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

英米評論 = English Review (ISSN:09170200)

巻号頁・発行日

no.24, pp.261-307, 2010-03-19

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Tess of the d'Urbervilles is undoubtedly the most famous novel of Thomas Hardy's numerous works. The novel's shocking representations of woman's sexuality made it controversial in Victorian society, which, in turn, made the author more well-known. Through its fierce representations of sexuality, however, the novel revealed problems in Victorian culture surrounding morality, sexuality and marriage. In Victorian culture, women were confined by strict codes of etiquette regarding proper manners, clothing and behavior. Those concerned with sexuality, especially, were most serious. Women were thought of as faithful and asexual beings like pure angels. In the novel, Hardy challenged this view of woman by attempting to depict the truth. In the strictness of Victorian society, however, strict censorship in publishing world made it quite difficult to honestly represent women's sexuality. Hardy, therefore, chose to use metaphorical representations to depict it indirectly. Tess of the d'Urbervilles is filled with metaphorical representations. Representations of light and darkness, particularly, which surround the body of the main character, hold the most important function in the novel. Employing chiaroscuro Hardy visually emphasizes the bodily presence of characters. Meanwhile, he also uses the technique to depicts their emotions about corporeal problems. Through such characteristic expressions, the complex consciousness on the body and sexuality is revealed to readers. The novel's narrative lies in revealing the life of Tess, the history of her love affairs, and growing awareness of her sexuality. She was a woman loved by two very different men, Alec D'Urberville and Angel Clare. Her relationships with the two men awaken her to both the sexuality within her body, something she had never known before, and awareness of the guilt surrounding that awakening. The light and darkness is often used to express her suffering and conflict connected with sexuality. Alec is portrayed as Tess's seducer. He holds strong sexual desire for her physically, and through his strong lust, tries to dominate her. As ways of showing his desire, Alec stimulates her physically using means such as continually touching her body as well as teaching her to whistle. With such curious practices and experiences, her sexual sense of pleasure is awakened, visually emphasized with shining light. Tess is perplexed regarding such unknown bodily enjoyment. Feeling such pleasure, she suffers, bound by a moral consciousness of having violated the something inviolable. Conflicted, she also anxiously desires to be dominated by such pleasure Alec offers. Inevitably this anxiety brings her consciousness to a crisis. To defend her soul from the crisis Alec has brought, she sinks her soul into an abyss of darkness, secluding her consciousness from her body. In this way, she attempts to resist Alec's lust. Whenever he expresses his desire for her, by forcing her awareness away from her from body, she strives to protect the peace within herself. Such movement of consciousness is represented quite visually, especially in the scene where Alec forces himself upon her. Dramatic scenes such as this, which surround her, are darkened, when her soul is separated from her body. The darkness acts to express the absence of her soul in her body, and her will to resist against Alec's domination. Through her experience of life with Alec, she comes to know the forbidden pleasure of her sexual self and an awareness of guilt surrounding such feelings. She suffers through this conflict on sexuality. After the parting from Alec, she meets Angel Clare, a man of very different qualities compared to Alec. Angel is intellectual and philosophical, and Tess gradually becomes more fascinated with him. Her soul feels sympathy for his soul. But Angel also attempts to dominate her, not by bodily lust but by his ideas of womanhood. Though he is welleducated man, his mind is confined by a quite conservative view of women. In this the Victorian view, he idealizes Tess as a pure angelic woman. His desire for her reflects to the scenery of the place where they rendezvous. She is surrounded by misty twilight, the somber space making her appear like a goddess. For Tess, who now has experienced the corporeal pleasure and its sins, this was quite unacceptable. She, therefore, refuses to be the divine female. Her refusal is also represented visually. When she denies Angel's idealized image of herself, her bodily presence is emphasized by light representing her refusal. But she cannot help being attracted to Angel. Aware of her guilt, she feels lust for him. The sexual urge, which Alec awakened in her, pushes her on. She secretly longs for bodily contacts with Angel. Like Tess, Angel is also gradually fascinated by her corporeal beauty. Through such bodily desires they become attracted to each other. As with Alec, the lust between Tess and Angel is also represented by shining light. Light emphasizes the presence of their bodies and their beauty, implying the secret pleasure between them. For both Tess, however, who experienced both love and violation with Alec, and Angel, with his conservative view of women, the pleasure they share inevitably makes them conscious of guilty and suffering. After Tess confesses her secret past, the conflict and suffering over sexuality become decisive. For Angel, Tess's body, which experienced such raw sexuality with Alec, becomes an object of fear. Her sexuality, overwhelming his mind, is expressed by visually by light. Ironically, Tess's experience with Alec becomes the cause of Angel's mental anguish. After this incident, Tess is filled with a growing desire to take responsibility by destroying her sexual self to make Angel suffer. She unconsciously longs for death, but cannot kill herself because she also knows how much she enjoys sexual pleasure. The pleasure prevent her from leaving the body easily, filling her with ambivalent emotions about her sexual body. As a way of resolving this crisis within, Tess idealizes the darkness as a place of rest. The darkness diminishes her bodily senses to a minimum, bringing her an experience of pseudodeath, a temporal rest of mind. The darkness becomes a symbolic expression of her rest and liberation from the body. The last scene expresses this well, where Stonehenge is shrouded in darkness as Angel and Tess meet for their last rendezvous. The darkness symbolizes her rest and liberation, but is quite transient. As time passes, light inevitably intrudes into the darkened space, making her body visible and aware of its presence. Even in the last scene, the light flows into the darkness. Her rest is inevitably broken, indicating the cruel fact that as long as she lives, she cannot escape from the presence of her sexual body. Throughout the history of her love affairs with the two men, the use of chiaroscuro indicates Tess's conflict of mind and emotion over her sexuality. Her sexual sense or desire is metaphorically represented with light. The light strengthens the presence of her sexual body and reveals her hidden sexual desire for men. But feeling such pleasure, Tess suffers a guilty conscience. She feels ambivalent emotions concerning her body. To liberate herself from such suffering, she seeks to destroy her body believing it to be the cause of her distress. As a way to destroy her physical self, she longs for darkness. The darkness temporarily makes her body invisible and diminishes her bodily senses, allowing her to briefly experience bodily liberation and oblivion. Consequently, this becomes a metaphor for her mental rest. Through his expression of visible light and darkness, Hardy expresses visually for reader the suffering that women endured under the strict moral code of the Victorian era. His novel also spotlights the absurdity and double standard of Victorian oppression of sexuality on women.

著者

佐々木 英哲 Eitetsu SASAKI 桃山学院大学文学部

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学人間科学 = HUMAN SCIENCES REVIEW, St. Andrew's University (ISSN:09170227)

巻号頁・発行日

no.22, pp.1-16, 2001-12-10

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Sacvan Bercovitch has clarified in The Rites of Assent that, in stark contrast to European individualism, which is likely to confront society, paradoxically, American individualism has had a share in consensus building and contributed to the Americanization of society. This process is called the American Way. Hester's struggle to multiply the meaning of the letter A in The Scarlet Letter (1850) -from the initial Adultery to Angel and Admirable-does not interfere with the American Way. On the supposition that the nineteenth-century domesticity and gender ideology has stealthily slipped into the seventeenth-century setting of the story, I investigate how Chillingworth the cuckold and Dimmesdale the paramour contribute together to the American Way. Chillingworth is denied the privileges, first, of creating an affectionate, patriarchic family, as evaluated in nineteenth-century America, second, of occupying a patriarchic position, and third, of establishing a male patriarchal gender identity (which he becomes obsessed with retrieving). He becomes all the more sensitive to his own impotency and Abject physique when he sees Pearl, the child of Hester and Dimmesdale. As a "living hieroglyphic," not the Alphabet of the letter A that could be decoded, Pearl is a mere infant-an infant whose etymology is 'incapable of speech'; not the suitable object to be appropriated by the learned man in a prerogative position like Chillingworth, the manipulator of the Language/Logos in the so-called Symbolic of Lacanian psychoanalysis. The author lets the revengeful Chillingworth misuse the nineteenth-century domestic ideology that warned of the threat of that nameless horror represented by the bachelor, i. e., homosexual sex. Chillingworth gains support from this ideology, pretends to be a pious Christian, and takes advantage of the historical fact that the New England colonists were prone to compare men of political power to biblical figures. (For example, Winthrop the first Governor was compared to Moses and Nehemiah, and Cotton the minister was compared to Abraham, Joshuah, and John.) By actually living with minister Dimmesdale on the pretext of treating his psychosomatic condition, Chillingworth creates the sacrosanct family, insinuates domestic ideology, behaves within Dimmesdale's psyche as a sacred father, or punishing super-ego, and thus preys on Dimmesdale with the Oedipal sense of guilt. Psychologically, the old physician confronts the minister as if he were blaming the latter for committing a deed likely to rouse the homophobic, i. e., forming an immature umbilical relation with Hester, mother-goddess-like self-willed woman. To prevent the patriarchy he stands on from backsliding into the pre-Oedipal Eros, and to prevent the basis of patriarchy, i. e., the compulsory heterosexuality, from breaking down, Chillingworth acts as the Law enforcing/castrating father. However, the tactics Chillingworth employs are not flawless in terms of the gender stability he has to maintain. In his observing eyes, Dimmesdale appears to reside in an enviable patriarchic family-the family composed of the minister, Hester, and Pearl, the family exclusive of outsiders. According to Freud's theory of narcissism, Dimmesdale is, first, the model the physician wants to imitate, second, his opponent/persecutor, and third, his homosexual lover. This means that the male gender-apparently based on Emersonian self-reliant man-becomes destabilized, and that the more closely Chillingworth approaches his former state of patriarch, the more difficult it becomes for him to reach his ultimate goal of regaining his masculinity, the gender identity supposedly established on the compulsory heterosexual norm. The author detected the common anxiety shared by the intelligent men of the seventeenth century like Chillingworth and the men of power of the nineteenth century like Hawthorne: the former were fearful of the antinomians who, like Hester, claimed thorough individualism and direct communication with God, and the latter were cautious against those who were influenced by the effect of revolutions in European countries around 1848, and those who imbibed radical concepts of freedom, including proto-feminism and the dismantling of the family. The author lets Chillingworth protect the patriarchy and its foundation of the heterosexual norm and sexism-in a paradoxical way-by robbing him of heterosexuality, letting him remain a bachelor, and uniting him homosexually with Dimmesdale. Chillingworth's homosexual stance is not in conflict with the American Way, i. e., with the cause of preserving the androcentric society, because the heterosexual and the homosexual alike are prone to strive to maintain patriarchy. Punishing and loving the minister, and thus paradoxically placing himself in the American Way, i. e., the patriarchal consensus, Chillingworth barely finds his raison d'etre by forging the Oedipal space of the pseudo-patriarchal-family together with the minister.

著者

中村 勝之 野尻 亘

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学経済経営論集 (ISSN:02869721)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.2, pp.183-211, 2019-10

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Wide-ranging discussions have taken place, in fields including bothregulation theory and economic geography, concerning the impact of Justin-Time(hereafter JIT)production on industrial location.In particular, the series of analyses by McCann, based on partialequilibrium theory, offer an important theoretical approach for the locationmodel in relation to the adoption of JIT. To the concepts of transportationcosts and distance found in conventional location theory models, McCannadded the concepts of commodity procurement and inventory control costs,to create a logistical cost model. His approach revealed that differences inthe optimal size of transportation lots for the adoption of JIT clearly affectboth location clustering and dispersal.This paper takes up Harrigan and Venables(2006)as a location modelrelated to JIT in spatial economics based on a general equilibrium model.Through a close reading of their analysis, we seek to clarify the manner inwhich their analysis approached the constituent causes of industrialclustering following the adoption of JIT.Our reading revealed that, according to Harrigan and Venables(2006),the following points contribute to the clustering of parts suppliers followingthe adoption of JIT.First, despite high transportation costs, clustering of parts suppliers didnot occur since parts could be punctually delivered when the product wasin its final assembly stage. In other words, the clustering of parts suppliersin the vicinity of the production point occurs only under uncertain deliveryconditions.Second, agglomeration of parts suppliers occurs when there is a risk ofdeliveries being delayed thanks to their having to be procured fromelsewhere, to prevent increases in production costs and consequent declinein demand for the product.We conclude that, if effective communication systems can be employedto cope with sudden changes in order quantity and to eliminate theproblems of defective parts and excess inventory, transactions involvingJIT will be possible even with parts suppliers located far from theproduction point.

著者

沼田 健哉 Kenya Numata

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学社会学論集 (ISSN:02876647)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.2, pp.p221-239, 1982-01

著者

北野 友士

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学経済経営論集 = ST.ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS REVIEW (ISSN:02869721)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.4, pp.141-166, 2020-03-10

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Recently, financial education is being encouraged in Japan. However inother countries, various types of educational programs for financial literacyhave been developed for some time now. For example, the Bank ofEngland has been making efforts for improving communication strategiesregarding public financial literacy. On the other hand, the OECD or WorldBank has recognized the importance of financial literacy amongst SMEs’managers. Thus, this paper examines the effect of improvement of personalfinancial literacy on monetary policy, and the relationship between themanagers’ financial literacy and the SMEs’ performance.The author has conducted two types of research. One is a questionnairefor 627 students from 5 universities. The questionnaire consists of afinancial literacy survey and questions about expectations on economy andinflation in the near future. According to the research, the improvement ofpersonal financial literacy could encourage the public to understand theBank of Japan’s view of future economy and inflation. In addition, simplifiedillustrations like the BOE’s “visual summary” could help financially illiteratepeople understand the BOJ’s views and policy.The other one is a survey for 3,000 managers of SMEs about theirfinancial literacy and business performance. Based on this survey, themanagers who maintain and understand positive capital ratio or have amedium range management plan, tend to run their business well.Understanding the capital ratio or making their management plan relatesto financial literacy. In addition, respondents who have joined seminars forentrepreneurs tend to be interested in their capital ratio and mediumrange management plan. In other words, financial training programs forthe SME managers would indeed improve their performance.The conclusion is that the improvement of individual or managers’financial literary could have positive effects on monetary policy andfinancial systems. However, the potential of the effect of financial educationmay have been demonstrated by following research.

著者

辻 高広

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = ST. ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.3, pp.75-93, 2019-03-14

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This paper examines differences between how the Kangxi Emperor and Verbiest perceivedearthquakes to investigate the acceptance of Western scientific knowledge in Ming and QingChina. Verbiest and other Jesuit missionaries, together with the Kangxi Emperor, explained thecauses as well as regional differences in magnitude and frequency of earthquakes with referenceto the concept of qi and its effect on soil. Past research has interpreted this in the context of theintroduction of advanced Western science and technology to Ming and Qing China, where scienceand technology had stagnated. By contrast, this paper presents a new perspective on the receptionof Western scientific knowledge in the early Qing period based on a detailed comparativeanalysis of both parties’ theories. The findings of my analysis are detailed as follows.In the work Kunyu tu shuo, Verbiest used the concept of qi as the Chinese translation of“pneuma” as discussed in Aristotelianism. Moreover, unlike his Jesuit predecessors, he did notwrite Kunyu tu shuo simply as a means of science-based proselytization, but rather organized anddeveloped earlier findings on the basis of his own scientific ideas, eliminating the missionary elementsseen in earlier works, and thereby produced Kunyu tu shuo as a purely scientific text.On the other hand, the Kangxi Emperor consistently explained the concept of qi from thestandpoint of the dual li-qi theory of Zhu Xi Neo-Confucianism; thus, while the term qi is similarlyused, it is not necessarily possible to place the two in a direct relationship of scholarly lineage.While Zhu Xi understood qi as what makes up the ground, the Kangxi Emperor convertedthe qi concept to mean what exists underground and shakes the ground. This scholarly understandingwent beyond the confines of traditional Chinese science, suggesting the influence ofWestern science on the Kangxi Emperor and especially that of Verbiest, his academic teacher.The Kangxi Emperor further pointed out the propagation of seismic waves toward the periphery,which is never referenced in even any of Verbiest’s works. This shows that the Kangxi Emperoracquired his own scientific attitude based on Western empiricism, which he applied and developed,resulting in the creation of his own unique seismology.

著者

辻本 法子

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = ST. ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.1, pp.41-55, 2018-07-30

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Japan has seen an increase in the number of foreign tourists over the years ; the number stoodat 24 million in 2016. In fiscal 2016, the number of inbound tourists increased by 71.5% on ayear-on-year basis. The travel consumption was valued at JPY3.75 trillion, which is primarilyattributable to tourists from China.This study proposes a new viewpoint on the travel souvenir-related purchasing behavior ofChinese tourists in Japan. The purchase of a travel souvenir is typically a one-time purchase bya tourist during a visit to a location. To increase the sales of travel souvenirs, it is important topromote repeat purchases. To ensure repeat purchases, it is necessary to create brandawareness and increase brand accessibility, so that the tourist can easily recall the brand nameand place a repeat order even from his or her native place. This study focuses on the changes inChinese tourists’ purchasing behavior and brand awareness, and makes a comparison betweenthe periods 2016 and 2013/2014.The study noted the following.(1) Visits by Chinese middle-class tourists increased in 2016.(2) The number of first-time visitors to Japan increased, and these visitors visited less placescompared to those who are visiting again.(3) As for the person with multiple visit-to-Japan experiences, brand awareness may increase.

著者

小田 亮 Makoto Oda

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学人間科学 (ISSN:09170227)

巻号頁・発行日

no.2, pp.p1-20, 1991-03

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This essay has two aims; one is to show the perspective Levi-Strauss's structural analysis of myths has offered, and the other is to point a resemblance between myths and novels in the way of being against the narrative. For the former, I do a demonstration of a structural analysis on three African myths, and point out in the analysis that no myth is isolated from others and that there is no single or privileged code which excludes other codes in the formation or interpretation of myths. On the other hand, the novel is an unorthodox genre and a newcomer in the European literature. While the epic which is the counterpart of the narrative in the Latin-European literary orthodoxy has canons or privileged codes, the novel doesn't. Unlike the narrative or epic, and like myths viewed from the stand-point of structurism, novels have no self-conclusion in their nature of intertextuality and always put several codes in play against the autocracy of any single code the narrative demands.

著者

栄 セツコ Setsuko Sakae

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.3, pp.53-74, 2010-03

被引用文献数

1

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Provision of high-quality care to support the independent living of people with psychiatric disabilities has been strongly emphasized in the field of mental health care. Cooperation among specialistsis said to be essential in this regard. In 2009, Setsuko Sakae et al. summed up their previous studies on such cooperation, defining the concept of cooperation as "a process of interaction between persons and organizations who share a common goal, in which they establish a cooperative relationship and work together to achieve their goal." This study targets clarification of relevant factors of cooperation. The authors consequently focused on the hospital discharge facilitation program, in which cooperation among organizations is considered to be indispensable. As the surveying method, a semi-structured interview was designed for the seven secretariats in charge of the program. Interview questions were about promotional/ obstructive factors of cooperation. As a result, the following four types of factors were extracted in relation to cooperation: (1) personal factors (empirical knowledge and motivation); (2) team factors (common goal, mutual respect /understanding, shared information, shared values in working toward the goal, flexible role allotment, and presence of a leader); (3) environmental factors (societal resources and laws and systems for mental health). To promote cooperation in the future, client involvement as well as discussions from the perspective of professional education will be required.