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わが国の代表的発酵食品の一つである味噌について,健康や長寿に良いことが伝承されてきたが,食塩の過剰摂取による弊害のおそれも指摘されてきた。これまで味噌等の発酵食品の健康・栄養に関する知見については伝承的な説明が広く知られていたが科学的な研究の発展が遅れていた。近年,動物を用いた臨床研究,分子生物学,分子栄養学の研究が進展し,味噌を含む発酵食品の健康機能性が急速に明らかにされつつある。本解説では,味噌の抗癌効果を長年に亘って研究し味噌の生理機能研究を牽引してきた研究者の一人である著者に,これまでのご自身の研究成果と国内外の研究成果を紹介していただき,味噌の健康機能について幅広くわかりやすく解説していただいた。

2020-06-09 10:53:05
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1 0 0 0 OA ホウ素と窒素を添加した18-8ステンレス鋼表面上への窒化ホウ素の析出挙動

著者: 吉原一紘新居和嘉
出版者: 公益社団法人日本金属学会
雑誌: 日本金属学会誌 (ISSN:00214876)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.47, no.11, pp.941-949, 1983 (Released:2008-04-04)
参考文献数: 12
被引用文献数: 4 2

The surface composition of 18-8 stainless steel doped with boron and nitrogen at high temperatures was observed in vacuum with AES and XPS.The precipitation of boron nitride was found on the surface of the stainless steel. At the first stage of heating, a thin layer of boron nitride flowed out from grain boundaries and spread on the surface, replacing phosphorus and sulfur which segregated all over the surface. As the heating time was prolonged, parts of the thin layer of boron nitride increased in thickness. The thickness increased in proportion to the square root of heating time and became about 0.06 μm after heated at 1100 K for 432 ks. The precipitated boron nitride was not replaced by the most surface active element, sulfur, and remained stable on the surface. On the surface of the stainless steel, however, there existed areas not covered with boron nitride after prolonged heating. On these uncovered areas, sulfur segregated.The precipitated boron nitride layer was inert to the adsorption of gases. Therefore, this stainless steel is a superior candidate material for vacuum vessels.

2020-06-09 10:50:13
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1 0 0 0 OA 金属の表面偏析及び表面析出の熱力学

著者: 吉原一紘
出版者: The Surface Science Society of Japan
雑誌: 表面科学 (ISSN:03885321)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.6, no.5, pp.388-399, 1986-02-01 (Released:2009-11-11)
参考文献数: 34
被引用文献数: 2 2

In the course of heating of metals, impurities in metals often segregated to surfaces or grain-boundaries, and the compositions of surfaces or interfaces are different from that of the bulk. The properties of materials are strongly affected by these segregation behaviors.Although much research on the segregation behaviors of metals have been published already, surface thermodynamics has not been established yet. This review discusses free energy diagrams of surfaces and the segregation isotherms, largely from the point of view of Gibbs' dividing surface model and indicates how the interaction between segregants will affect the segregation behaviors on metal surfaces. Throughout this review, attempts are made to understand the basic concepts of surface thermodynamics of metals.