1 0 0 0 OA 周術期の抗血栓療法をヘパリンに置換した手術症例の検討
- 著者
- 松岡 崇志 井上 幸治 水野 桂 北 悠希 仲西 昌太郎 浅井 聖史 田岡 利宜也 宗田 武 寺井 章人
- 出版者
- 泌尿器科紀要刊行会
- 雑誌
- 泌尿器科紀要 (ISSN:00181994)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.58, no.5, pp.223-226, 2012-05
Anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications are commonly used for the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. We studied 84 patients who received heparin as a bridging anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy during the perioperative period. Hospitalization was extended for adjusting anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs and also bleeding complications in the perioperative period. There were 25 instances of bleeding complications (29.7%) in this study. These complications mainly occurred when anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications were restarted in the postoperative period. In transurethral surgery, patients taking warfarin and antiplatelet drugs (aspirin or ticlopidine) had a statistically significant increase in bleeding complications compared to patients taking warfarin alone. We compared 51 cases of transurethral resection of bladder tumor, transurethral resection of the prostate holium laser enucleation of the prostate, nephroureterectomy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy with heparinization were compared to 692 cases with no heparinization. The heparinization group had a statistically significant longer hospitalization period and an increase in bleeding complications. There was one instance of thromboembolism (1.2%) in our series. This involved stent thrombosis of a patient who had drug-eluting stent in the left anterior descending coronary artery. She died three days postoperatively. The number of patients taking anticoagulant and/or antiplatelet drugs is predicted to increase in the future due to aging of the population. Guidelines for the management of anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy in the urological period are considered necessary.
1 0 0 0 OA 居住環境における室内空気汚染物質のリスク評価および管理の枠組みに関する研究
1 0 0 0 OA インセンティヴとしての著作権 : 単なる空想の産物か?
- 著者
- Zimmerman Diane Leenher 澤田 悠紀(訳)
- 出版者
- 北海道大学グローバルCOEプログラム「多元分散型統御を目指す新世代法政策学」事務局, 北海道大学情報法政策学研究センター
- 雑誌
- 知的財産法政策学研究 (ISSN:18802982)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.41, pp.1-32, 2013-02
1 0 0 0 OA 離婚に伴う夫婦間の財産処理
- 著者
- フィッシャー=ツェルマーク コンスタンツェ 松久 和彦
- 出版者
- 立命館大学法学会
- 雑誌
- 立命館法学
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.351, pp.2353-2372, 2013
1 0 0 0 OA 離婚に伴う夫婦間の財産処理
- 著者
- フィッシャー=ツェルマーク コンスタンツェ 松久 和彦
- 出版者
- 立命館大学法学会
- 雑誌
- 立命館法学 = 立命館法学 (ISSN:04831330)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.351, pp.2353-2372, 2014-02
1 0 0 0 OA KURENAIの広報戦略 : リポジトリ事業の持続性を高めるマーケティング : 事例報告
- 著者
- 天野 絵里子
- 巻号頁・発行日
- 2010-12-10
平成22年度兵庫県大学図書館協議会研修会(テーマ:学内広報で協力者を探そう!). 神戸市, 2010-12-10. 兵庫県大学図書館協議会, 近畿における機関リポジトリコミュニティ形成の支援, 2010.
1 0 0 0 OA 溶媒水分子は,溶質によってどの程度変わるのか : アルカリ金属イオンの溶媒和の場合
- 著者
- 相田 美砂子 田中 雅人
- 出版者
- 北海道大学低温科学研究所
- 雑誌
- 低温科学 (Low temperature science) (ISSN:18807593)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.64, pp.21-30, 2006-03-22
The distribution of solvent water molecules around an alkali metal ion is calculated using Monte Carlo method and compared with the optimal configuration. The analysis of the orbital interaction between an alkali metal ion and the surrounding solvent molecules is performed for aqueous solutions of Li+, Na+ and K+, by means of ab initio MO method,with the aid of QM/MM method. The effect of alkali metal ion orbitals reaches as far as 6Å,7Å and 9Å for Li+, Na+ and K+, respectively. This effect is caused by the orbital interactions between the valence orbitals of an alkali metal ion and of the surrounding water molecules. Not only the electrostatic interaction but also the orbital interaction must not be neglected. The difference in the effect between the alkali metal ions is originated from the difference in the valence orbital extensions of the alkali metal ions.
1 0 0 0 OA アメリカにおける懲罰的損害賠償の憲法的考察
- 著者
- 橋本 倫明
- 出版者
- 北海道大学大学院法学研究科
- 雑誌
- 北大法学研究科ジュニア・リサーチ・ジャーナル
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.3, pp.265-278, 1996-10
1 0 0 0 OA 近代日本における女同士の親密な関係の歴史社会学的考察
- 著者
- 丸井 浩
- 出版者
- 東京大学大学院人文社会系研究科・文学部インド哲学仏教学研究室
- 雑誌
- インド哲学仏教学研究 (ISSN:09197907)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.19, pp.19-59, 2012-03-31
As the fourth of the Nyāya’s twelvefold prameya (the objects to be rightly known for the attainment of liberation), the “artha” is defined or simply described at the NS 1.1.14: gandharasarūpasparśaśabdāḥ pṛthivyādiguṇās tadarthāhḥ. According to Vātsyāyana, the sūtra seems simply to imply that smell, taste, colour, touch and sound, which are the qualities of earth, etc., are respectively the objects of the five (external) sense-organs. But the sūtra was interpreted differently by different scholars of Nyāya in later times. What attracts our attention, first of all, is a totally different way of analyzing the compound “pṛthivyādi-guṇāḥ.” Uddyotakara criticizes the interpretation of ṣaṣṭhītatpuruṣa (pṛthivyādīnāṃ guṇāḥ) as too narrow and strongly argues for dvandva (pṛthivyādīni ca gunṇāś ca), insisting that the sūtra should be taken to be the exhaustive presentation of all the perceptible entities as the artha or the indriyārtha, including three kinds of substances (pṛthivyādīni = pṛthivyaptejāṃsi), all the perceptible properties (the “guṇāḥ” in its proper sense) other than smell and the like, such as number, etc., along with motion, the higher or lower universals and even the principle of inherence, all of which are implied by the term “guṇāḥ” in its wider sense. Vācaspati clearly supports his view. On the other hand Jayanta definitely rejects the interpretation of dvandva and shows the relevance of tatpuruṣa analysis, whereas Bhāsarvajña tries to justify the dvandva interpretation. But it would be superficial to assume two lines of interpretation simply in terms of the two opposing ways of analyzing the compound. The fundamental difference lies in two divergent viewpoints of treating the concept of artha as a prameya. Both Jayanta and Bhāsarvajña emphasize the soteriological significance of valid cognition of the artha or the objects of sense-organs. Jayanta, in particular, refers to them as a cause of attachment (saktihetu) and states that those who seek liberation should contemplate them as the objects to be abandoned (heyatayā bhāvayitavyāḥ). Jayanta supports the tatpuruṣa analysis because the sūtra is meant to mention only the predominant causes of attachment. Bhāsarvajña, in contrast, insists on the dvandva interpretation because in his view it is necessary to read the sūtra as the exhaustive list of causes of “defects” (doṣa=rāgadveṣa-moha). In spite of the formal difference in the compound analysis, both of them share a soteriological viewpoint in the context of the artha as a prameya. It is difficult to conclude decisively the chronological order of their discussion, but Jayanta’s argument seems to represent a later stage. Uddyotakara’s explanation, on the other hand, concentrates on the epistemological aspect of the artha. He claims the irrelevance of tatpuruṣa interpretation on the ground that it would exclude, for instance, three substances (dravya) that should be admitted as perceptible by the authority of NS 3.1.1. He tries to justify the sūtra’s separate mention of five objects of sense from smell to sound by saying that it is specifically to show the particularity of the one-to-one relationship between each of them and its corresponding sense-organ. He never refers to the soteriological importance of the concept. Moreover, he evidently depends on the Vaiśeṣika doctrine of six categories for his enumeration of perceptible entities with a slight modification. Heavy dependence of his account of the artha upon Vaiśeṣika categories also provides a sharp contrast with Jayanta, who explicitly denied the relevance of six categories in the context of prameya, just as Vātsyāyana had done. It is relevant in this connection to examine the treatment of the artha in two representative compendiums of Nyāya System, probably written not long after Udayana (11th cent.), namely Varadarāja’s Tārkikarakṣā[-sārasaṃ graha] (12th cent.) and Keśavamiśra’s Tarkabhāṣā (around 1300 A.D.). Varadarāja defines the artha as “what can be grasped by senseorgans” (indriya-grāhya) and tries to make an exhaustive list of perceptible entities according to the Vaiśeṣika doctrine of categories without reference to the soteriological implication of the artha. Thus, like Uddyotakara, he concentrates on its epistemological dimension. But he goes a little further by introducing the detailed account of the Vaiśeṣika doctirine of seven categories as an appendix to the description of Nyāya’s twelvefold prameya. Keśavamiśra, on the other hand, goes so far as to extend the conceptual sphere of the artha up to the whole six or seven categories of Vaiśeṣika, thus totally abandoning the soteriological meaning peculiar to the Nyāya’s idea of artha. Therefore it may safely be said that Nyāya’s concept of artha as a prameya was shifted toward the direction of diminishing emphasis on its soteriological relevance and at the same time toward the direction of a closer and closer relation with the Vaiśeṣika doctrine of categories. Against this stream Jayanta tried to retain the traditional soteriological significance of the concept. This conclusion fits in well with the general observation that Jayanta’s account of Nyāya System generally represents its earlier phase. Incidentally, the Nyāyakalikā provides precisely the same soteriological account of the artha as we have seen above in the Nyāyamañjarī. The similarity in wording is also outstanding. These facts seem to speak for Jayanta’s authorship of the text. Even if we were to admit that someone else had composed it by extracting relevant sentences from NM with some modification, it is not likely that a compendium of such an archaic nature was written long after Udayana.
- 著者
- 塩田 光喜
- 出版者
- 東京大学東洋文化研究所
- 雑誌
- 東洋文化研究所紀要 (ISSN:05638089)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.155, pp.392-341, 2009-03-27
In the discipline of anthropology, development studies in the rural areas in developing countries should be dealt with as a field of social-cultural transformations. The Imbonggu of the Papua New Guinea Highlands started the indigenous development project, centered around the Wamb-Wenewene Association. This article tries to locate this indigenous development movement in the context of Imbonggu civilization history which started from the mid-1950s and the Imbonggu mythological background. In the first section, I depict how the English concept, ‘development',was accepted and transformed into the Imbonggu culture as ‘debelopmen'. In the second section, as an ethnographic background, I glimpse how the Western civilization arrived to the neolithic cultures of Papua New Guinea Highlands including the Imbonggu and bring them to cultural transformations. In the third section, I decipher the indigenous development movement, ‘Wamb-Wenewene Association'which is an eco-tourism project through an anthropological concept, ‘trickster'. In the fourth section, I describe the process of a gift ceremony, ‘pig-kill', celebrated in August 2006 at Ambupulu village in the Imbonggu, through which the Ambupulu commitment to the Wamb-Wenewene Association was agreed. And, in the conclusion, I abstract the principles of dynamics in the indegenous development movement, the Wamb-Wenewene Association, and make some suggestions to the development studies from standpoint of cultural anthropology.
1 0 0 0 OA カフカ:逃走の系譜
- 著者
- 西川 智之
- 出版者
- 北海道大学ドイツ語学・文学研究会
- 雑誌
- 独語独文学科研究年報 (ISSN:03899802)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.15, pp.9-32, 1989-01