著者

菊地 英里香

出版者

筑波大学大学院人文社会科学研究科古典古代学研究室

雑誌

古典古代学 (ISSN:18837352)

巻号頁・発行日

no.5, pp.1-25, 2013-03-31

著者

OGAKU Michiko

出版者

University of Tsukuba. Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering. Doctoral Program in Social Systems & Management

巻号頁・発行日

2013-05

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This paper studies the economic consequences of choosing two differenttypes of executive compensation contracts. The analysis is based on a two-periodagency model in which compensation contracts are subject to renegotiation; compensationis paid based on the agent’s earnings report (e.g., a performance-based contract)or a non-verifiable measure within the firm (e.g., a conventional implicit contract).According to the analysis, conventional implicit contracts can dominate performancebasedcontracts if the non-verifiable measure is sufficiently informative so that theagent’s earnings report is not significantly considered during renegotiation. However,if the agent has strong bargaining power, the performance-based contract is optimal.The theoretical findings have implications for empirical compensation research. First,the firms’ compensation policy may not serve as a useful test for identifying profitablefirms. Second, the combination of the compensation policy and the ownership structureis likely to be associated with the level of executive compensation.

著者

石井 健一

出版者

University of Tsukuba. Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering. Doctoral Program in Social Systems & Management

巻号頁・発行日

2013-05

著者

Kanakogi Yasuhiro Okumura Yuko Inoue Yasuyuki Kitazaki Michiteru Itakura Shoji

出版者

Public Library of Science

雑誌

PLoS ONE (ISSN:19326203)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.6, 2013-06-12

被引用文献数

57

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前言語期の10ヶ月の乳児が苦境にある他者へ同情的態度を示すことを発見. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2013-06-13.

出版者

京都大学大学文書館

雑誌

京都大学大学文書館だより = Kyoto University Archives Newsletter

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, 2013-04-30

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大学文書館のこれから : 館長就任の挨拶に代えて / 江﨑信芳 [2]

著者

Takano Shuro Takano Toshiaki Nakai Naomasa Kawaguchi Kentaro Schilke Peter

出版者

EDP Sciences

雑誌

Astronomy and astrophysics (ISSN:00046361)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.552, pp.A34, 2013-04

被引用文献数

6 1

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Aims. To study the abundance and temperature of ammonia in the center of a nearby galaxy M 51 and to compare them with those in other nearby galaxies, we observed its (J,K) = (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), and (4, 4) inversion transitions at the wavelength of 1.3 cm.Methods. The observations were carried out with the Effelsberg 100-m radio telescope.Results. The (1, 1), (2, 2), and (3, 3) transitions are clearly detected, but the (4, 4) transition is barely detected. The rotational temperature obtained from the (1, 1) and (2, 2) transitions of para-ammonia is 25 ± 2 K, which is similar to those of M 82 and the Large Magellanic Cloud (N 159 W), but significantly lower than those of IC 342 and NGC 1068 among the nearby galaxies. The column density of ammonia is (8.1 ± 2.4) × 1013 cm-2, and the abundance relative to H2 is ~4.5 × 10-9. The abundance in M 51 is about a factor of 5 lower than those of NGC 253 and IC 342, but about one order of magnitude higher than those of M 82 and the Large Magellanic Cloud. The addition of the data of M 51 further supports the exceptionally low abundances of ammonia reported previously in these two galaxies. For understanding the abundance of ammonia in M 51 and other nearby galaxies, their temperatures were compared. As a result, we found that the galaxies with low temperature tend to have low abundance of ammonia. In addition, the photodissociation rate of ammonia was compared to those of related molecules detected in the nearby galaxies to discuss the effect of photodissociation. We found that the low abundance of ammonia in some galaxies cannot be explained only by the effect of photodissociation.

著者

Tanji Takayuki Takahashi Kosuke Noro Fumiyuki

出版者

Elsevier Ltd.

雑誌

Research in autism spectrum disorders (ISSN:17509467)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.2, pp.276-287, 2013-02

被引用文献数

8

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We examined the effects of constructed-response matching-to-sample (CRMTS) training on the generalization of reading and spelling skills in three Japanese children with autism using a series of overlapping-syllable word sets. We taught them to construct printed words to match printed words, spoken words, and pictures through the CRMTS procedure. Hence, two participants performed well in the generalized reading and spelling skills of untrained words. However, one participant did not meet the criterion for the generalization of reading and spelling skills. We taught her to break a word into each syllable as a differential observing response to the sample in the task. The modified CRMTS procedure enabled her to establish the generalized reading and spelling skills. This study discusses that the procedure and the modified CRMTS with differential observing response are effective for acquisition of generalized reading and spelling skills in children with autism.

著者

岡崎 敏雄

出版者

筑波大学一般・応用言語学研究室

雑誌

言語学論叢 オンライン版 (ISSN:18826601)

巻号頁・発行日

no.第3号 (通巻29号), pp.1-17, 2010-12-31

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海外年少者日本語教育のあり方について、第一に、その理念となる「意味の生態系の育成としての言語教育」の骨格である生態学的リテラシーの育成として、「世界人口67億のうち10億の人口が飢餓の下にあることをも明示的に捉えた構造的理解に至る世界の能動的認識」に基づく意味・「人間生態系と自然生態系の相互作用、相互交渉的性格をなす実践」に基づく意味・「生きるための意味、及び意志の形成の下における実存」に基づいて捉えられた事象の意味の、生態系の育成、第二に、その基礎となる言語生態学と言語教育の関係、及び第三に、海外年少者日本語習得の習得論上の基盤をなす「言語生態学における言語習得の捉え方」について論ずる。

著者

松本 洋之

出版者

大阪大学人間科学部社会学・人間学・人類学研究室

雑誌

年報人間科学 (ISSN:02865149)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, pp.135-142, 1981

著者

INOUE Katsunori

出版者

大阪大学溶接工学研究所

雑誌

Transactions of JWRI (ISSN:03874508)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.2, pp.37-44, 1995-12

著者

堀 源一郎

出版者

東京大学理学部

雑誌

東京大学理学部廣報

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.4, pp.32-34, 1988-03

著者

Niizato Takayuki Gunji Yukio-Pegio

出版者

Elsevier Science Ireland

雑誌

Biosystems (ISSN:03032647)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.111, no.3, pp.145-155, 2013-03

被引用文献数

4

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There are two contradictory aspects of the adaptive process in evolution. The first is that species must optimally increase their own fitness in a given environment. The second is that species must maintain their variation to be ready to respond to changing environments. In a strict sense, these two aspects might consider to be mutually exclusive. If species are optimally adapted, then the variation in the species that is suboptimal decreases and vice versa. To resolve this dilemma, species must find a balance between optimal adaptation and robust adaptation. Finding the balance between these processes requires both the local and global complete, static information. However, the balance between the processes must be dynamic. In this study, we propose a model that illustrates dynamic negotiation between the global and local information using lattice theory. The dynamic negotiation between these two levels results in an overestimate of fitness for each species. The overestimation of fitness in our model represents the multiplicity of fitness which is sometimes discussed as the exaptation. We show that species in our model demonstrate the power law of the lifespan distribution and 1/f fluctuation for the adaptive process. Our model allows for a balance between optimal adaptation and robust adaptation without any arbitrary parameters.

著者

Horiuchi Yasue Ishikawa Maya Kaito Nobuko Iijima Yoshimi Tanabe Yoshiko Ishiguro Hiroki Arinami Tadao

出版者

Public Library of Science

雑誌

PLoS ONE (ISSN:19326203)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.4, pp.e59320, 2013-04

被引用文献数

17 3

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BackgroundReports indicate that PDLIM5 is involved in mood disorders. The PDLIM5 (PDZ and LIM domain 5) gene has been genetically associated with mood disorders; it’s expression is upregulated in the postmortem brains of patients with bipolar disorder and downregulated in the peripheral lymphocytes of patients with major depression. Acute and chronic methamphetamine (METH) administration may model mania and the evolution of mania into psychotic mania or schizophrenia-like behavioral changes, respectively.MethodsTo address whether the downregulation of PDLIM5 protects against manic symptoms and cause susceptibility to depressive symptoms, we evaluated the effects of reduced Pdlim5 levels on acute and chronic METH-induced locomotor hyperactivity, prepulse inhibition, and forced swimming by using Pdlim5 hetero knockout (KO) mice.ResultsThe homozygous KO of Pdlim5 is embryonic lethal. The effects of METH administration on locomotor hyperactivity and the impairment of prepulse inhibition were lower in Pdlim5 hetero KO mice than in wild-type mice. The transient inhibition of PDLIM5 (achieved by blocking the translocation of protein kinase C epsilon before the METH challenge) had a similar effect on behavior. Pdlim5 hetero KO mice showed increased immobility time in the forced swimming test, which was diminished after the chronic administration of imipramine. Chronic METH treatment increased, whereas chronic haloperidol treatment decreased, Pdlim5 mRNA levels in the prefrontal cortex. Imipramine increased Pdlim5 mRNA levels in the hippocampus.ConclusionThese findings are partially compatible with reported observations in humans, indicating that PDLIM5 is involved in psychiatric disorders, including mood disorders.

著者

張 広帥

出版者

北海道大学大学院国際広報メディア・観光学院院生論集制作委員会

雑誌

Sauvage : 北海道大学大学院国際広報メディア・観光学院院生論集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, pp.71-79, 2011-03

著者

鈴池 静

出版者

[出版者不明]

巻号頁・発行日

2010-03

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制度:新 ; 報告番号:甲3096号 ; 学位の種類:博士(公共経営) ; 授与年月日:2010/2/27 ; 早大学位記番号:新5363

著者

OTABE Tanehisa

出版者

東京大学大学院人文社会系研究科・文学部美学芸術学研究室

雑誌

JTLA : Journal of the Faculty of Letters, the University of Tokyo, Aesthetics (ISSN:03862593)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, pp.41-53, 2011-03-24

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Wie konnte Leibniz'rationalistische Philosophie der Ästhetik zugrunde liegen, die durch Baumgarten als Wissenschaft von der sinnlichen Erkenntnis (scientia cognitionis sensitivae) (Baumgarten, Aesthetica, SS1) definiert wurde? Um diese Frage zu beantworten, geht es im Folgenden darum, Leibniz'Theorie der "petites perceptions", die er über verschiedene Schriften und Aufsätze verstreut dargestellt hat, systematisch zu rekonstruieren, darin eine theoretische Grundlage für die Entstehung der Ästhetik in der zweiten Hälfte des 18. Jh. zu suchen und die Ästhetik jenseits von Kunsttheorie bzw. Kunstphilosophie als eine Suche nach dem "Grund der Seele" zu erweisen.

著者

渡辺 康博

巻号頁・発行日

2010-02-01

著者

Morimoto Hiroko Iwata Kazumi Ogonuki Narumi Inoue Kimiko Ogura Atsuo Kanatsu-Shinohara Mito Morimoto Takeshi Yabe-Nishimura Chihiro Shinohara Takashi

出版者

Elsevier

雑誌

Cell Stem Cell (ISSN:19345909)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.6, pp.774-786, 2013-06

被引用文献数

182

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活性酸素の精子幹細胞に対する増殖促進作用を解明. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2013-06-07.

著者

Matsuda Yoshi-Taka Okanoya Kazuo Myowa-Yamakoshi Masako

出版者

Public Library of Science

雑誌

PLoS ONE (ISSN:19326203)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.6, 2013-06-05

被引用文献数

17

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赤ちゃんの「人見知り」行動 : 単なる怖がりではなく「近づきたいけど怖い」心の葛藤. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2013-06-05.

著者

渡辺 憲一

出版者

大学院情報理工学系研究科電子情報学専攻

巻号頁・発行日

2008-03

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報告番号: ; 学位授与年月日: 2008-03-24 ; 学位の種別: 修士 ; 学位の種類: 修士(情報理工学) ; 学位記番号: ; 研究科・専攻: 情報理工学系研究科電子情報学専攻