著者
櫻井 義秀
出版者
秋山書店
雑誌
現代宗教
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2007, pp.300-321, 2007
著者
細田 優人
巻号頁・発行日
2014-03-25

場の量子論の数学的モデルを構成する上で基礎となるものがフォック空間である。特に、ボース場のモデルを構成する上で基礎となるものはボソンフォック空間と呼ばれ、その上で働く生成・消滅作用素は重要な役割をもち、正準交換関係 (canonical commutation relations ; CCR) という特徴的な交換関係を満たす。この代数的な関係式であるCCR に着目し、これを満たすようなものを一般的に考察していくことにより、より普遍的な量子場の数学的構造が明らかとなる。
著者
小葉田 淳
出版者
史学研究会 (京都大学文学部内)
雑誌
史林 (ISSN:03869369)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.58, no.2, pp.153-212, 1975-03-01

個人情報保護のため削除部分あり
著者
服部 春彦
出版者
京都大學文學部
雑誌
京都大學文學部研究紀要 (ISSN:04529774)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.27, pp.23-64, 1988-03-31

この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。
著者
Akita Hidetaka Ito Rie Kamiya Hiroyuki Kogure Kentaro Harashima Hideyoshi
出版者
John Wiley & Sons
雑誌
The Journal of Gene Medicine (ISSN:1099498X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.9, no.3, pp.197-207, 2007-03
被引用文献数
36

Background: Heterogeneity of transgene expression, the presence or absence (below the limit of detection) of transgene expression on a cell-by-cell basis, is a severe disadvantage in the use of cationic lipid-mediated gene vectors for gene therapy and experiments in molecular biology. Understandings of intracellular trafficking and the function (transgene expression) of vectors related to cellular physiology are essential in terms of clarifying the mechanism underlying the heterogeneity. Methods: To distinguish the contribution of nuclear transfer efficiency and subsequent intranuclear transcription efficiency to the overall heterogeneity in transgene expression, a novel imaging system was established for the dual visualization of the nuclear transfer of pDNA and marker gene expression (lacZ) in single cells. Results: The expression of LacZ occurred in only approximately 30% of HeLa cells of the nuclear pDNA-positive cells, indicating that intranuclear transcription efficiency contributed to the heterogeneity. Dual imaging against synchronized cells further revealed that the efficiency of nuclear delivery was comparable irrespective of cell cycle status, which is contrary to the generally accepted hypothesis that nuclear import of pDNA is enhanced during cell division when the nuclear membrane structure is perturbed. The most significant finding in the present study is that nuclear transcription efficiency in terms of the ratio of LacZ-positive cells to nuclear pDNA-positive cells drastically increased in the late S and G2/M phase. Conclusions: This is the first demonstration to show that cell cycle dependent intranuclear transcription appears to be responsible for the overall heterogeneity of transgene expression. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
著者
片桐 保昭
出版者
形の文化会
雑誌
形の文化研究
巻号頁・発行日
vol.5, pp.1-14, 2009

Landscapes have ambiguous beauty. Most of all sciences, studying perspectives are from technological functionalism or social or cultural meaning to designing this. Present designers are using such ‘modern’ know ledges. However the designers want to express some more original and aesthetical design, they could not be refer such scientific or cultural knowledge. These knowledge are constructed from past issues so not to help to make ambiguous unnamable beauty by each designer’s objective senses. This paper aims to explain the processes of making such beauty in designed landscapes and to present the perspective how to study such 'original' 'aesthetical’ expression in landscape designing. To clear the point not explained by ‘technological’ or ‘cultural’ issues, the study uses participant observation in designing workshop in present Japan and depicts these processes as anthropological concept of practice. Soundscape designing workshop is choose therefore the genre of this, designers are very sensitive and subjective to make their own ‘original’ and ambiguous beauties in the landscapes. The observation has done for five months in one of the redevelopment building project in Tokyo with some designers, composers and dweller of the city of project was held. Data are arranged from the point never resolved by technological functionalism and social or cultural meaning in designing sounds as landscape elements. Designed sounds are not aimed from function of urban planning, social needs from dwellers, or purposed to appreciation by public. Nevertheless Designers have wanted to feel ambiguity and to express such ambiguous feeling as some ‘good’ sounds. The distinctive features of designed sounds are hardly to listen and without cadence with repetitive phrases. These sounds are made some ambiguous but 'good’ feelings in landscapes of redevelopment area by dwellers. These designed sounds are aimed and practiced to been felt to public with some ambiguous awareness without distinct purposes. Designers and publics never objectify these senses of awareness therefore without attention. These intentionally designed subtle noisy sounds are considered playing to make potentials to each person's ‘imageability’ not explained by ‘social’ or ‘functional’ issues in the landscape. Many sciences are neglected such issues in landscapes as 'noises’ or negative elements in landscapes. These practices are important to raise each persons' own sensitivity to own landscapes.