著者

澤田 匡人 藤井 勉

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.87.15316, (Released:2016-03-10)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

8 12

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This study focused on the differences between two subtypes of envy known as “benign envy” and “malicious envy” as personality traits, and examined the effects of these traits on academic achievement. Two hundred fifty-one university students participated in the study. Both benign envy and malicious envy were found to be independent as also found in a previous study by Lange & Crusius (2015), and a high criterion-related validity was revealed by an association with characteristic variables such as dispositional envy and self-esteem. The students with higher levels of benign envy were found to set goals higher, and as a result, achieved higher levels of academic performance. In contrast, no such effect was found for malicious envy. The importance of focusing more attention on the positive aspects of the emotion of envy is discussed.

著者

藤井 勉 澤田 匡人

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.Supplement, pp.2-2, 2014 (Released:2014-12-05)

著者

藤井 勉 澤田 匡人

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.3, pp.114-123, 2014-05-01 (Released:2014-09-11)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

2 1 1

---

In recent literature, it may seem that research on implicit aspects of self-esteem is increasing. Many have reported the high score of implicit self-esteem is associated with positive traits and behaviors. However, a number of studies on implicit self-esteem report different results. To add additional support to the discussion, this study examines the effects of explicit and implicit self-esteem on the concept of Schadenfreude, the pleasure caused by the misfortunes of others. Two studies were conducted on this topic. In study 1, 282 participants were given modified version of scenarios from Sawada (2008) and asked to evaluate the target person with a questionnaire, deciding if the participants were of high or low social status. In Study 2, effects of explicit and implicit self-esteem were examined using the scenario created in Study 1 among 92 participants. The analysis of variance revealed that a main effect of implicit self-esteem on schadenfreude towards a target person. The higher scores of implicit self-esteem would have a higher scores of schadenfreude. Furthermore, an interaction was found between social standing and implicit self-esteem, in that the high implicit self-esteem group showed high scores of schadenfreude towards an advantaged target person.

著者

澤田 匡人 藤井 勉

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.2, pp.198-204, 2016 (Released:2016-07-08)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

6 12

---

This study focused on the differences between two subtypes of envy known as “benign envy” and “malicious envy” as personality traits, and examined the effects of these traits on academic achievement. Two hundred fifty-one university students participated in the study. Both benign envy and malicious envy were found to be independent as also found in a previous study by Lange & Crusius (2015), and a high criterion-related validity was revealed by an association with characteristic variables such as dispositional envy and self-esteem. The students with higher levels of benign envy were found to set goals higher, and as a result, achieved higher levels of academic performance. In contrast, no such effect was found for malicious envy. The importance of focusing more attention on the positive aspects of the emotion of envy is discussed.

著者

藤井 勉

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.1, pp.32-37, 2015-09-30 (Released:2015-10-08)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

2 1

---

The present study examines whether the Name Letter Effect(NLE), one's preference for his/her initials, is observed in Korean people. One hundred and eighty-eight female university students in Korea participated in this study. Using the Name Letter Task (NLT), the NLE was observed in the Korean sample. It suggests that NLT is available in Korea to measure implicit self-esteem. For future directions, the possibility of intervention to improve implicit self-esteem was discussed.

著者

藤井 勉 澤海 崇文 相川 充

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.3, pp.162-168, 2014-05-01 (Released:2014-09-11)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

2 3

---

In the present study, the authors focused on discrepancy between explicit and implicit self-esteem. Previous literature showed its association with maladaptive aspects such as narcissism, and the present study predicted the same tendency. Seventy-seven college students completed the Implicit Association Test for measuring implicit self-esteem, and the self-report scales of explicit self-esteem and narcissism. A series of analyses of variance revealed a significant interaction effect between explicit and implicit self-esteem on self-assertion(subscale of narcissism scale). However, this interaction effect was directionally contrary to our hypothesis. For future directions, scholars have to closely examine this interaction and collect more data.

著者

藤井 勉 山本 政人 伊藤 忠弘

出版者

学習院大学

雑誌

学習院大学計算機センター年報 (ISSN:09134514)

巻号頁・発行日

no.34, pp.40-55, 2013-07-01

著者

藤井 勉

雑誌

学習院大学人文科学論集 (ISSN:09190791)

巻号頁・発行日

no.19, pp.151-162, 2010-10-01

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The purpose of this research was testing correlations between“ implicit” theories of intelligence scale and social desirability scales. Participants, 91 university students, joined this study(questionnaire survey). Results showed that correlations between “implicit” theories of intelligence scale and social desirability scales(self deception and impression management)were positive and significant. It was revealed that the response of traditional self-report scale (implicit theories of intelligence)was affected by social desirability biases.

著者

藤井 勉

出版者

日本パーソナリティ心理学会

雑誌

パーソナリティ研究 (ISSN:13488406)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.1, pp.23-36, 2013-07-30 (Released:2013-08-28)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

2 1

---

本研究では,潜在的な対人不安を測定する潜在連合テスト(Implicit Association Test:IAT)を作成した。研究1では,55名の大学生および大学院生とその友人162名を対象に実験を行った。参加者の顕在的/潜在的不安と他者評定の特性不安/状態不安の関連から,対人不安IATの予測的妥当性が示された。研究2では,32名の大学生および大学院生を対象に実験を行い,シャイネスを測定する潜在連合テストと対人不安IATの相関関係を検討した。両者の相関係数はr=.46 (p<.01)であり,対人不安IATの併存的妥当性が示された。研究3では,26名の大学生および大学院生を対象に,対人不安IATを1週間の間隔を空けて実施し,対人不安IATの再検査信頼性を検討した。2回のIAT間の相関係数はr=.76 (p<.01)であり,十分な再検査信頼性が示された。一連の研究において,対人不安IATの妥当性,信頼性は十分であると判断された。

著者

藤井 勉

出版者

日本パーソナリティ心理学会

雑誌

パーソナリティ研究 (ISSN:13488406)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.57-60, 2011-07-30 (Released:2011-10-25)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1 1

---

The present study examined the predictive validity of the Implicit Association Test-Anxiety (IAT-Anxiety). The participants were 44 university students who completed the IAT-Anxiety. Their 129 friends rated the participats' usual behavior. The relations between the participants' explicit/implicit anxiety (self rating) and state/trait anxiety (others' rating) were examined. The results supported the predictive validity of the IAT-Anxiety.

著者

山本 政人 藤井 勉 伊藤 忠弘 Masato Yamamoto Tsutomu Fujii Tadahiro Ito

出版者

学習院大学計算機センター

雑誌

学習院大学計算機センター年報 = Annual report of the Gakushuin University Computer Centre (ISSN:09134514)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, pp.37-46, 2014-07

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研究報告

著者

岡田 靖子 澤海 崇文 いとう たけひこ 藤井 勉

出版者

日本大学経済学部

雑誌

研究紀要. 一般教育・外国語・保健体育 = Research bulletin. 日本大学経済学部 編 (ISSN:13428616)

巻号頁・発行日

no.82, pp.59-72, 2016-10

著者

藤井 勉

出版者

学習院大学

雑誌

学習院大学文学部研究年報 (ISSN:04331117)

巻号頁・発行日

no.57, pp.89-104, 2010

著者

藤井 勉

雑誌

人文 (ISSN:18817920)

巻号頁・発行日

no.12, pp.119-130, 2014-03-01

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本研究の目的は、動機づけの達成目標理論における3 つの目標(マスタリー目標、遂行接近目標、遂行回避目標)と他者軽視との関連を検討することであった。遂行接近目標は、他者から良い評価を得ることによって有能感を得ようとする目標であり、学業における成績と正の関連がある(Elliot & Church, 1997)とされる。ゆえに、学業場面においては適応的な目標であると考えられるが、他者との比較を行う目標であることから、他者を見下したり、能力を低く見積もったりするといった他者軽視との正の関連が予想された。本研究では253 名の大学生を対象に、達成目標志向性、他者軽視、自尊心、暗黙の知能観、抑うつなど、複数の尺度で構成される質問紙調査を行った。構造方程式モデリングを用いて検討した結果、予測に沿って、遂行接近目標は他者軽視との間に有意な正の関連が示された。本研究の結果から、他者との比較を積極的に求めるような教示や目標設定は望ましいとは言い難い可能性が指摘された。\ Th e purpose of the present study is to examine relationships between achievement goal orientations (mastery goal, performance approach goal, and performance avoidance goal) and undervaluing others. Performanceapproach goals which focus on outperforming others predict academic accomplishment (Elliot & Church, 1997). Th us, in an academic situation, performance approach goal seems to be the one to adopt. However, because of this goal orientation, the holder pursues competence through comparing with others, so it is expected that performance approach goal has a positive association with undervaluing of others. e participants were a total of 253 graduate students who conducted this study and completed the questionnaire consisting of some rating scales (e.g., achievement goal orientations, undervaluing others, self-esteem, theories of intelligence, and depression) . Using structural equation modeling, in line with the authorsʼ prediction, the result reveals that performance approach goal is positively associated with signi cantly undervaluing others. From the examination presented in this study, it is suggested that instructions and setting goals which compel participants to compare themselves with others are\undesirable.

著者

藤井 勉

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.1, pp.93-99, 2014-04-25 (Released:2014-04-15)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

5 1

---

The present study focused on the discrepancy between explicit self-esteem and implicit self-esteem, using the Name Letter Task with 86 graduate students. In line with suggestions from previous research, participants high in explicit self-esteem but low implicit self-esteem (called “defensive high self-esteem”) showed higher in-group favoritism than participants who had high explicit and implicit self-esteem (called “secure high self-esteem”). Participants with defensive self-esteem reported higher levels of depression than secure self-esteem participants. These results strengthen the generalizability for the conceptualizations of “defensive” and “secure” high self-esteem. However, participants with low self-esteem did not show significant interactions with any variables.

著者

澤田 匡人 藤井 勉

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.2, pp.198-204, 2016

被引用文献数

12

---

This study focused on the differences between two subtypes of envy known as "benign envy" and "malicious envy" as personality traits, and examined the effects of these traits on academic achievement. Two hundred fifty-one university students participated in the study. Both benign envy and malicious envy were found to be independent as also found in a previous study by Lange & Crusius (2015), and a high criterion-related validity was revealed by an association with characteristic variables such as dispositional envy and self-esteem. The students with higher levels of benign envy were found to set goals higher, and as a result, achieved higher levels of academic performance. In contrast, no such effect was found for malicious envy. The importance of focusing more attention on the positive aspects of the emotion of envy is discussed.

著者

藤井 勉 澤海 崇文 相川 充

出版者

The Japanese Psychological Association

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.4, pp.361-367, 2015

被引用文献数

4

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The Implicit Association Test of Shyness (Shyness IAT: Aikawa & Fujii, 2011) provides an indirect assessment of shyness by measuring associations of self (vs. other) with shyness-related (vs. sociability-related) words. In this study we examined the test–retest reliability of the Shyness IAT. Thirty-five participants responded twice to the Shyness IAT with a time lag of one month. The correlation coefficient between the two time points was .54 (<i>p</i> = .001), confirming an adequate level of test-retest reliability. Indeed, changes in explicit and implicit shyness between the two time points were not related to sociable behavior during the one month period. Implications of the results for the assessment of personalities using IATs as well as relevant future directions are discussed.

著者

藤井 勉 上淵 寿 山田 琴乃 斎藤 将大 伊藤 恵里子 利根川 明子 上淵 真理江

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.2, pp.132-141, 2015

被引用文献数

1

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The purposes of the present study were (a) to use both a relational-anxiety Go/No-Go Association Task (GNAT) and an avoidance-of-intimacy GNAT in order to assess an implicit Internal Working Model (IWM) of attachment; (b) to verify the effects of both measured implicit relational anxiety and implicit avoidance of intimacy on information processing. The implicit IWM measured by GNAT differed from the explicit IWM measured by questionnaires in terms of the effects on information processing. In particular, in subliminal priming tasks involving with others, implicit avoidance of intimacy predicted accelerated response times with negative stimulus words about attachment. Moreover, after subliminally priming stimulus words about self, implicit relational anxiety predicted delayed response times with negative stimulus words about attachment.

著者

藤井 勉 上淵 寿

出版者

日本教育心理学会

雑誌

教育心理学研究 (ISSN:00215015)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.3, pp.263-274, 2010-09

被引用文献数

1 10

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本研究は,達成目標理論における暗黙の知能観研究において,顕在的測度(質問紙)と,潜在的測度(Implicit Association Test:IAT)を使用し,顕在・潜在の両側面から,参加者の暗黙の知能観を査定し,課題遂行場面で生じる感情や行動パターンとの関連を検証した。実験1では,IATの再検査信頼性を確認した。同時に,IATは顕在的な測度とは関連がみられないことを示した。実験2では,自己報告の他に,課題遂行中の参加者の表情を他者評定し査定した状態不安と,質問紙およびIATで査定した顕在・潜在的な知能観との関連を検討した。結果は,先行研究からの仮説どおり,顕在的測度と潜在的測度は,関連する対象が異なった。顕在的知能観は,自己評定式の尺度の回答に関連していた一方,潜在的知能観は,他者評定による自発的行動に関連していた。従来の研究で扱われてきた,顕在的測度で査定される意識的な領域のみならず,潜在的測度で査定される無意識的な領域への,更なる研究が必要であることと,潜在的な知能観を意識化するアプローチを用いた介入方法も検討する価値があることを示唆した。

著者

藤井 勉

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.1, pp.93-99, 2014

被引用文献数

1

---

The present study focused on the discrepancy between explicit self-esteem and implicit self-esteem, using the Name Letter Task with 86 graduate students. In line with suggestions from previous research, participants high in explicit self-esteem but low implicit self-esteem (called "defensive high self-esteem") showed higher in-group favoritism than participants who had high explicit and implicit self-esteem (called "secure high self-esteem"). Participants with defensive self-esteem reported higher levels of depression than secure self-esteem participants. These results strengthen the generalizability for the conceptualizations of "defensive" and "secure" high self-esteem. However, participants with low self-esteem did not show significant interactions with any variables.