著者

Takayuki Hishiki Kengo Usui Tadaichi An Rieko Suzuki Jun-ichi Sakuragi Yuki Tanaka Yu Matsuki Jun Kawai Yasushi Kogo Yoshihide Hayashizaki Tomohiko Takasaki

出版者

National Institute of Infectious Diseases

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.3, pp.277-280, 2022-05-31 (Released:2022-05-24)

参考文献数

21

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Despite the recent introduction of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, more effective vaccines and antiviral drugs must be developed. Here, we isolated five SARS-CoV-2 strains from four patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and an asymptomatic individual using pharyngeal swabs, nasopharyngeal swabs, and sputum samples. Cytopathic effects in inoculated Vero cells were observed between days 3 and 7. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and next-generation sequencing. Phylogenetic analyses of the whole genome sequences showed that the virus isolates from the clinical samples belonged to the Wuhan and European lineages. These findings and the isolated viruses may contribute to the development of diagnostic tools, vaccines, and antiviral drugs for COVID-19.

著者

Noriko Nakajima Satoru Hata Yuko Sato Minoru Tobiume Harutaka Katano Keiko Kaneko Noriyo Nagata Michiyo Kataoka Akira Ainai Hideki Hasegawa Masato Tashiro Makoto Kuroda Tamami Odai Nobuyuki Urasawa Tomoyoshi Ogino Hiroaki Hanaoka Masahide Watanabe Tetsutaro Sata

出版者

National Institute of Infectious Diseases

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.1, pp.67-71, 2010-01-29 (Released:2022-03-31)

参考文献数

1

被引用文献数

2 56

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We report the pathological and virological findings of the first autopsy case of the 2009 pandemic influenza (A/H1N1pdm) virus infection in Japan. A man aged 33 years with chronic heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy, mild diabetes mellitus, atopic dermatitis, bronchial asthma, and obesity died of respiratory failure and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Macroscopic examination showed severe plumonary edema and microscopically the lung sections showed very early exudative-stage diffuse alveolar damage (DAD). Immunohistochemistry revealed proliferation of the influenza (A/H1N1pdm) virus in alveolar epithelial cells, some of which expressed SAα2-3Gal on the cell surface. Influenza (A/H1N1pdm) virus genomic RNA and mRNA were also detected in alveolar epithelial cells. Real-time PCR revealed 723 copies/cell in the left lower lung section from which the influenza (A/H1N1pdm) virus was isolated. Electron microscopic analysis revealed filamentous viral particles in the lung tissue. The concentrations of various cytokines/chemokines in the serum and the autopsied lung tissue were measured. IL-2R, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IFN-α, MCP-1, and MIG levels were elevated in both. These findings indicated a case of viral pneumonia caused by influenza (A/H1N1pdm) virus infection, showing characteristic pathological findings of the early stage of DAD.

著者

Fatih Çölkesen Bahar Kandemir Şevket Arslan Fatma Çölkesen Eray Yıldız Celalettin Korkmaz Hülya Vatansev Recep Evcen Filiz Sadi Aykan Mehmet Kılınç Gökhan Aytekin Bahadır Feyzioğlu Metin Doğan Turgut Teke

出版者

National Institute of Infectious Diseases

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.3, pp.228-233, 2022-05-31 (Released:2022-05-24)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

2 11

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The prevalence and mortality rates of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) widely vary among populations. Mucosal immunity is the first barrier to the pathogen’s entry into the body. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the primary antibody responsible for mucosal immunity. We explored the relationship between selective IgA deficiency (SIgAD) and COVID-19 severity. We included 424 patients (203 women) with COVID-19. Eleven patients had SIgAD. Laboratory data of patients with SIgAD and normal IgA levels were compared. The relationship between SIgAD and severe COVID-19 infection was explored using logistic regression analysis. In the univariate logistic regression analysis, the risk of severe COVID-19 disease in patients with SIgAD was approximately 7.7-fold higher than that in other patients (odds ratio [OR], 7.789; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.665–36.690, P = 0.008), while it was 4-fold (OR, 4.053; 95% CI, 1.182–13.903, P = 0.026) higher in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Serum IgA levels were positively correlated with total lymphocyte counts and negatively correlated with C-reactive protein levels, which was a risk factor for severe COVID-19. In patients with SIgAD, the number of severe acute respiratory coronaviruses 2 that pass through mucosal membranes may be increased, leading to complications such as cytokine storm syndrome and acute respiratory distress syndrome.

著者

Junji Seto Yoko Aoki Kenichi Komabayashi Yoko Ikeda Mika Sampei Naomi Ogawa Yumiko Uchiumi Shunji Fujii Masami Chiba Emiko Suzuki Tatsuya Takahashi Keiko Yamada Yoshiko Otani Yoshihiro Ashino Kyoko Araki Takeo Kato Hitoshi Ishikawa Tatsuya Ikeda Hideaki Abe Tadayuki Ahiko Katsumi Mizuta

出版者

National Institute of Infectious Diseases

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.6, pp.522-529, 2021-11-22 (Released:2021-11-22)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

2 5

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Public health interventions have played an important role in controlling coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is a rapidly spreading infectious disease. To contribute to future COVID-19 countermeasures, we aimed to verify the results of the countermeasures employed by public health centers (PHCs) against the first wave of COVID-19 in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan (Yamagata). Between January and May 2020, 1,253 patients suspected of SARS-CoV-2 infection were invited for testing. Simultaneously, based on retrospective contact tracings, PHCs investigated the infection sources and transmission routes of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases and tested 928 contacts. Consequently, 69 cases were confirmed between March 31 and May 4, 58 of whom were from among the contacts (84.1%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 75.5–92.7). The spread of infection was triggered in cases harboring epidemiological links outside Yamagata. Subsequently, the number of cases rapidly increased. However, PHCs identified epidemiological links in 61 (88.4%; 95% CI 80.8–96.0) of the 69 cases, and transmission chains up to the fifth generation. Finally, the spread of infection ended after approximately one month. Our results indicate that the identification of infection sources and active case finding from contacts based on retrospective contact tracing was likely to be an effective strategy in ending the first wave of COVID-19 in Yamagata.

著者

Huamei Li Lin He Bing Wang Ran Tao Shiqiang Shang

出版者

National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases Editorial Committee

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JJID.2021.742, (Released:2022-07-29)

参考文献数

36

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Vitamin D (VD) plays an important role in infectious and autoimmune diseases. We investigated the association between serum VD levels and active human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infections in pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. From January 2015 to June 2021, one hundred and twenty children diagnosed with SLE and 100 healthy children were enrolled. Using ELISA, serum 25(OH)D levels were detected. Serum anti-HCMV IgM antibodies were measured by a chemiluminescence immunoassay. Comparisons of 25(OH)D levels between SLE patients and healthy children were performed, as well as subgroups of SLE patients with or without active HCMV infections. Serum 25(OH)D levels of SLE patients were significantly lower than those of healthy children (35.3 ± 12.9 vs 49.3 ± 15.3, P < 0.001). VD deficiency ratio was higher in SLE patients (89.2%) than that in healthy children (52.0%). Serum 25(OH)D levels in the positive anti-HCMV IgM group were significantly lower than those of the negative anti-HCMV IgM group (30.6 ± 12.3 vs 38.2 ± 12.5, P < 0.001). The severe VD deficiency ratio was significantly higher in HCMV-IgM(+)-SLE patients (42.2%) than that in HCMV-IgM(-)-SLE patients (13.3%). This study suggested that serum VD level is associated with active HCMV infections in pediatric SLE patients.

著者

Laszlo Irinyi Michael Roper Richard Malik Wieland Meyer

出版者

National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases Editorial Committee

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JJID.2022.068, (Released:2022-04-28)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

6

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Candida auris, first described from an ear infection in Japan, is the most talked about multidrug resistant emerging pathogenic fungal species. Its environmental niche remained a mystery until its first isolation from wetlands of the Andaman Islands, India in 2020. We screened a subset of the world’s largest sequence repository, the Sequence Read Archive at NCBI using a DNA metabarcoding approach, based on either the ITS1 or ITS2 region of the official primary fungal DNA barcode, to identify potential environmental sources of C. auris. Our search identified 34 matches with partial C. auris ITS sequences from seven metabarcoding studies, providing wider evidence for the presence of C. auris outside human-maintained facilities.

著者

Hidekazu Nishimura Michiko Okamoto Isolde Dapat Masanori Katsumi Hitoshi Oshitani

出版者

National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases Editorial Committee

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.5, pp.421-423, 2021-09-30 (Released:2021-09-22)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

1 24

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Green tea extracts effectively inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. Ten-fold serially diluted solutions of catechin mixture reagent from green tea were mixed with the viral culture fluid at a volume ratio of 9:1, respectively, and incubated at room temperature for 5 min. The solution of 10 mg/mL catechin reagent reduced the viral titer by 4.2 log and 1.0 mg/mL solution by one log. Pre-infection treatment of cells with the reagent alone did not affect viral growth. In addition, cells treated with only the reagent were assayed for host cell viability using the WST-8 system, and almost no host cell damage by the treatment was observed. These findings suggested that the direct treatment of virus with the reagent before inoculation decreased the viral activity and that catechins might have the potential to suppress SARSCoV-2 infection.

著者

Huihuang Huang Bing Song Zhe Xu Yanmei Jiao Lei Huang Peng Zhao Jiagan Huang Zihan Zhou Zhuanghong Zhao Jing Tian Yuting Zhou Fu-sheng Wang Tianjun Jiang

出版者

National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases Editorial Committee

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JJID.2020.298, (Released:2020-08-01)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

17

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To analyze clinical characteristics and potential predictors of disease severity in patients with COVID-19.Clinical data from 64 patients with COVID-19 were retrospectively analyzed. Of the 64 patients, 37 were male and 27 were female. Their mean age was 47.8 years, 43 (67.2%) cases were non-severe, 21 (32.8%) were severe, and 2 patients (3.1%) died. Age and serum ferritin were significantly associated with COVID-19 severity. Repeated monitoring of ferritin, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, lactic acid dehydrogenase, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate during COVID-19 treatment may assist the prediction of disease severity and evaluation of treatment effects. There were no significant differences in the duration of severe illness or the number of days on high-level respiratory support between a low-dose methylprednisolone group and a high-dose methylprednisolone group. The mean number of days in hospital in the high dose group was higher than that in the low-dose group. Repeated monitoring of ferritin, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, lactic acid dehydrogenase, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate during COVID-19 treatment may assist the prediction of disease severity and evaluation of treatment effects.

著者

Atsushi Hinenoya Sharda Prasad Awasthi Noritomo Yasuda Ayaka Shima Hirofumi Morino Tomoko Koizumi Toshiaki Fukuda Takanori Miura Takashi Shibata Shinji Yamasaki

出版者

National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases Editorial Committee

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.4, pp.276-279, 2015 (Released:2015-07-22)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

8 21

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In this study, we evaluated and compared the antibacterial activity of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) and sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) on various multidrug-resistant strains in the presence of bovine serum albumin and sheep erythrocytes to mimic the blood contamination that frequently occurs in the clinical setting. The 3 most important species that cause nosocomial infections, i.e., methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDRP), and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDRA), were evaluated, with three representative strains of each. At a 10-ppm concentration, ClO2 drastically reduced the number of bacteria of all MDRP and MDRA strains, and 2 out of 3 MRSA strains. However, 10 ppm of NaClO did not significantly kill any of the 9 strains tested in 60 seconds (s). In addition, 100 ppm of ClO2 completely killed all MRSA strains, whereas 100 ppm of NaClO failed to significantly lower the number of 2 MRSA strains and 1 MDRA strain. A time-course experiment demonstrated that, within 15 s, 100 ppm of ClO2, but not 100 ppm of NaClO, completely killed all tested strains. Taken together, these data suggest that ClO2 is more effective than NaClO against MRSA, MDRP, and MDRA, and 100 ppm is an effective concentration against these multidrug-resistant strains, which cause fatal nosocomial infections.

著者

Masahiro Ishikane Yoshiki Kusama Chika Tanaka Kayoko Hayakawa Takeshi Kuwahara Norio Ohmagari

出版者

National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases Editorial Committee

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JJID.2019.476, (Released:2020-01-31)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

3

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an emerging problem in both acute care hospitals and nursing homes. From January to December 2016, we conducted a pilot, descriptive epidemiological study to examine antimicrobial use (AMU) among six nursing homes in Tokyo, Japan. AMU was extracted from prescription data of a pharmacy that received all prescriptions from the nursing homes. To standardize the comparison of drug usage, AMU was measured using defined daily dose (DDD) and described as DDDs/1,000 resident-days. The overall AMU was 15.3/1,000 resident-days including oral-antimicrobials (15.2/1,000 resident-days [99.3%]). The most frequently prescribed oral-antimicrobials was macrolides (5.8/1,000 resident-days [38.2%]) and quinolones (4.2/1,000 resident-days [27.6%]). Oral-macrolides and quinolones were thought to be convenience in prescription among nursing homes with resource limiting due to smaller defined the number of daily doses compared to penicillins and cephalosporins. Further multi-center studies that include residents-specific data (demographics and diagnosis), and focusing on purpose of antimicrobials (treatment or prevention) are needed to evaluate the appropriateness of antimicrobials.

著者

Thu Thuy Bui Meng Ling Moi Kouichi Morita Futoshi Hasebe

出版者

National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases Editorial Committee

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JJID.2019.073, (Released:2019-10-31)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

7

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Zika is a mosquito-borne disease that is causing significant public health threats in recent years. Zika virus (ZIKV), the causative agent of this disease, is classified into two distinct genetic lineages: Asian and African lineages. While molecular nucleic acid methods have been proved useful for the diagnosis of ZIKV infection, development of assays based on one-step reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) offers advantages including shorter incubation times, ease of handling and rapid detection. In this study, a universal LAMP primer set was developed to target conserved sequence of known ZIKV lineages. Additionally, Af7462 and As1788 primer sets were designed based on LAMP-based SNPs typing for the specific detection of African and Asian lineages. The RT-LAMP assays detected specifically African and Asian lineages, with the limit of detection range from 0.17 FFU/ml – 2.3x102 FFU/ml. As ZIKV viremia ranges between 102 to 106 PFU/ml or 103–106 copies/mL, the data indicate that the viremia range of clinical samples is within our detection range. Because of the high specificity and sensitivity and ease of use, the results suggest the utility of the assay in early clinical diagnosis applications.

著者

Md. Shafiullah Parvej Md Ashraful Alam Mio Shono Mst. Nusrat Zahan Mst. Misrat Masuma Parvez Wahedul Karim Ansari Md. Sayduzzaman Jowel Mohammad Sharif Uddin Eriko Kage-Nakadai Md. Tanvir Rahman Yoshikazu Nishikawa

出版者

National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases Editorial Committee

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JJID.2019.016, (Released:2019-08-30)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

4

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Using multiplex real-time PCR, 960 fecal samples collected from poultry, cattle, and diarrheic patients in Bangladesh were screened for diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC). Invasion-related gene virB had the highest prevalence in human patients (41%) and was shown to be positively correlated first with afaB for diffuse adhesion and second with aggR for aggregative adhesion. These three genes were specific to patients. In contrast, Shiga toxin genes stx1 (57%) and stx2 (40%) were prevalent in cattle samples. eae for attaching and effacing lesion, and elt and est of enterotoxins were detected from all three sample sources. Heat map and hierarchical clustering assigned the samples into five different clusters with patient samples positive for virB and afaB placing together in one cluster. Although detection of virulence genes cannot be a direct indication of the distribution of DEC organisms, their detection suggests that Shigella spp. or enteroinvasive E. coli are the most prevalent among diarrheagenic bacteria in Bangladesh and that diffusely adherent E. coli are concomitant bacterium. eae-possessing organisms in patients may come from cattle and poultry sources. The small number of stx-positive patients could be explained by the small number of animal samples that were positive for both eae and stx.

著者

Aswathyraj S Sasidharanpillai Sabeena Kamalakshi G Bhat Kiran Chandra Bharani Sanjay Ramachandran Govindakarnavar Arunkumar

出版者

National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases Editorial Committee

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.5, pp.388-389, 2018-09-30 (Released:2018-09-21)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

3

著者

Hiroki Saito Hiroyuki Noda Shunji Takakura Kazuaki Jindai Rieko Takahashi McLellan Kazunari Asanuma

出版者

National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases Editorial Committee

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JJID.2018.208, (Released:2018-08-31)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

9

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the top public health agendas in Japan. Since Japan published the national action plan (NAP) on AMR in 2016, the NAP implementation has been a major focus in Japan Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW). Japan MHLW recently published the 1st edition of “Manual of Antimicrobial Stewardship” (including English version), a narrative review with particular focus on outpatient setting of primary care and two common infectious disease conditions. This is one of very few occasions where MHLW proactively set a clinical guidance for health care delivery at facility level. Implementation of the manual will be further supported by the change in our social health insurance coverage.

著者

Hiroshi Yoshikura

出版者

National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases Editorial Committee

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JJID.2018.228, (Released:2018-09-28)

参考文献数

4

被引用文献数

2

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The frequency of the ages of the HIV/AIDS deaths and that of the patients detected before or after the development of AIDS followed normal distribution. The median of HIV/AIDS deaths was 40-44 years in 1995-1998 and 50-54 years in 2014-2016, while the median of detection of the infection as “HIV” or as “AIDS” was constantly 25-29 years; it implied that the survival time of the HIV/AIDS patients became longer by 10 years in the past twenty odd years. The lengthening of the survival time could have been attributable to introduction of HIV/AIDS therapy, such as HAART. Importantly, however, during the same period, the life span of Japanese population was lengthened by near 10 years. Under the assumption that HIV/AIDS patients died 20 years after detection of the infection, the total number of the deaths was 1,446 in 1990-2016, which was close to the total number in Vital Statistics during the same period 1,532.

著者

Hung Thai Do Dong Thanh Nguyen Lan Anh Thi Nguyen Duong Huy Do Huy Xuan Le Xuan Mai Thi Trinh Hong Vy Nu Ton Ikumi Sawada Noriko Kitamura Nhat Minh Le Keisuke Yoshihara Thu Huong Thi Phan Chien Trong Bui Koya Ariyoshi Lay Myint Yoshida

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JJID.2016.512, (Released:2017-09-11)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

7

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We investigated the prevalence of HIV drug resistance among high risk groups such as injecting drug user (IDU), female sex worker (FSW) and men having sex with men (MSM) in central Vietnam. We used HIV positive samples from 2012-2013 sentinel surveillance surveys. Study subjects were screened for HIV infection by standardized screening assays and the positive samples were further tested for HIV viral load and drug resistant mutations by in-house assays. Drug resistant mutations (DRMs) were determined using the Stanford University online sequence analysis tool. Their risk behaviors were also investigated. During the study period, 6,016 subjects were screened and 97 were positive (IDU: N=63, 3%, FSW: N=24, 0.8% and MSM: N=10, 1%). Ninety-two samples (45 from 2012 and 47 from 2013) were available for further testing. HIV viral load was detected in 56 (60.9%) samples and drug resistant genotyping was successfully performed in 40 (71.4%) samples. All were CRF01_AE, except for one (2.5%) IDU with subtype B. Thirteen individuals (32.5%) were carrying HIV virus with at least one HIV DRM: 9 IDUs, 1 FSW and 3 MSM. The HIV seroprevalence among high risk individuals in central Vietnam was low however high proportion of drug resistant HIV-1 was observed in high risk group.

著者

Takehiro Hashimoto Satoshi Kutsuna Takahiro Maeki Shigeru Tajima Saho Takaya Yuichi Katanami Kei Yamamoto Nozomi Takeshita Kayoko Hayakawa Yasuyuki Kato Shuzo Kanagawa Norio Ohmagari

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JJID.2017.181, (Released:2017-09-11)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

4

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Dengue fever remains underreported in Africa due to lack of awareness among healthcare providers, the presence of other febrile illnesses, and insufficient laboratory testing. We present a case of imported dengue fever from Burkina Faso to Japan, where an outbreak of dengue was reported on October 18, 2016. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolate from our patient belonged to a distinct of sylvatic dengue viruses, suggesting that dengue viruses have been maintained in the mosquitoes and human cycles in Burkina Faso for more than 30 years.

著者

Tomohiro Oishi Tetsuo Taguchi Tokushi Nakano Shoji Sudo Hiroaki Kuwajima Shibata RVGE Study Group

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.4, pp.304-306, 2014 (Released:2014-07-24)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

6 13

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The occurrence of severe rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) in children under 3 years of age before and after the introduction of rotavirus vaccine was prospectively surveyed in three pediatric clinics in Shibata City, Niigata Prefecture, Japan, during the 2011 and 2012 RVGE epidemic seasons. In this observational study, a significantly lower occurrence of severe RVGE among severe gastroenteritis cases was observed in 2012. The incidence rate of severe RVGE among outpatients in 2012 was significantly lower than that in 2011. Despite the significant reduction in severe RVGE, the results must be interpreted with caution because the surveillance period is short and requires extension to conclude whether the reduction in the incidence of severe RVGE is a direct effect of rotavirus vaccination. Therefore, we will continue the survey to evaluate the impact of vaccination.

著者

Yusuke Ainoda Nozomi Takeshita Ryota Hase Takahiro Mikawa Naoto Hosokawa Ichiro Kawamura Hanako Kurai Masahiro Abe Muneyoshi Kimura Hideki Araoka Takahiro Fujita Kyoichi Totsuka Kazuhisa Mezaki Noritaka Sekiya Norio Ohmagari

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JJID.2016.130, (Released:2016-12-22)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

7

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Staphylococcus lugdunensis (SL) is a highly pathogenic bacterium compared to other coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp. (CoNS). However, in Japan, data for this pathogen are sparse, and the current prevalence of SL bacteremia is unknown.A prospective multicenter study across five facilities was performed to investigate the prevalence of SL in blood culture specimens. There were 3,284 patients with positive blood cultures, and 2,478 patients had bacteremia. Among patients with bacteremia, 7 patients (0.28%) had SL bacteremia. A total of 281 patients had CoNS bacteremia, and SL accounted for 2.49% of these cases. Of the 7 patients with SL bacteremia, 1 patient (14.3%) had infective endocarditis, and 1 patient (14.3%) died within 30 days. In this study, SL resulted in the development of bacteremia in select patients. Clinicians in Japan should be aware of the prevalence of SL and the complications of SL bacteremia.

著者

Qing-hai Hu Jun-jie Xu Zhen-xing Chu Jing Zhang Yan-qiu Yu Huan Yu Hai-bo Ding Yong-jun Jiang Wen-qing Geng Ning Wang Hong Shang

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JJID.2016.177, (Released:2016-10-31)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

8

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We aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) mono-infection and HSV-2/syphilis co-infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 545 HIV-positive MSM in Shenyang between February 2009 and October 2014. Participants received physical examinations and serological tests for HSV-2 and syphilis. A multinomial logistic regression was used to identify risk factors associated with HSV-2/syphilis co-infection and HSV-2 mono-infection. The HSV-2 mono-infection, syphilis mono-infection, and HSV-2/syphilis co-infection prevalence (95% confidence interval) was 48.6% (44.4–52.8%), 34.3% (30.3–38.3%), and 22.9% (19.4–26.5%), respectively. In regression analysis, after controlling within HSV-2/syphilis-seronegative cases, related factors for HSV-2/syphilis co-infection were age (25–50 years vs. ≤24 years, aOR: 4.55; >50 years vs. ≤24 years, aOR: 43.02), having regular female sexual partner(s) in the past 6 months (aOR: 0.43) and age at first MSM experience (>18 years vs ⩽18 years, aOR: 2.59) (all P < 0.05).The high prevalence of HSV-2 infection and HSV-2/syphilis co-infection in HIV-positive MSM indicates high HIV secondary transmission risk. A campaign for detection and treatment of HSV-2 and syphilis is urgently required for HIV-positive MSM in China.