著者

山田 勇磨

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.136, no.1, pp.55-62, 2016 (Released:2016-01-01)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

1 2

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A variety of human diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, ischemic heart disease, diabetes, and cancer have been reported to be associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Because of this, mitochondrial therapy is expected to be useful and productive in the treatment of such diseases. We previously reported on the development of a MITO-Porter, a liposome-based nanocarrier that permits macromolecular cargos to be delivered into mitochondria via membrane fusion. Intracellular observations using the green fluorescence protein as a model macromolecule provided confirmation that a macromolecule could be delivered to mitochondria in living cells by the MITO-Porter. Here, we present our current findings on the development of mitochondrial medicine and mitochondrial gene therapy based on our mitochondrial drug delivery system (DDS). In this review, we propose “mitochondrial DDS” as a theme for “DDS research for innovative drug development” and discuss the contribution of mitochondrial DDS to innovative drug development.

著者

西沢 元仁

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.136, no.7, pp.955-963, 2016 (Released:2016-07-01)

被引用文献数

1

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In the amendment of the Pharmaceutical Affairs Law in 2013, a new category, Pharmacist Intervention Required Medicines (PIRM), was introduced, and other OTC medicines, which were classified after the 2006 amendment, were allowed to be sold via the Internet. Regarding PIRM, Japan's Ministry for Health, Labour and Welfare designates medicines which require special intervention by a pharmacist who explains their proper use to a patient through a face-to-face consultation, wherein the pharmacist provides guidance based on pharmaceutical knowledge and experience. This encourages consumers to approach their longer term personal healthcare with a rational knowledge of medicines, and dovetails with the direction described in “Japan is Back”. Along with the 2006 amendment, an upgraded 6-year curriculum for the study of pharmacy in preparation for becoming a pharmacist was introduced. This allows student pharmacists to have more experience working in community pharmacies, thus supporting and providing pharmacists with the knowledge they need to better help the consumer to rationally use OTC medicines and self-select proper OTC medications. And this is not only restricted to OTC medicines, as there are many items sold in local pharmacies available to be utilized by the consumer with reasonable support by pharmacists. There is an expectation that the pharmacist be prepared to assist the consumer not only with prescriptions, but also with OTC medications, supplements, medical accessories, etc. using their knowledge and experience.

著者

松本 裕司

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.9, pp.890-890, 2012

著者

佐久間 昭

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.10, 1985

著者

中田 亜希子 赤川 圭子 山本 仁美 加藤 裕久 山元 俊憲

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.136, no.2, pp.351-358, 2016 (Released:2016-02-01)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

2

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A questionnaire survey was performed to obtain pharmacy students' impressions of pharmacists' behavior, to classify these based on professionalism, and to analyze the relationship between these experiences and students' satisfaction with their clinical practice in Japan. The questionnaire was answered by 327 5th-year pharmacy school students upon completing clinical practice at community pharmacies from 2011 to 2012. They rated their satisfaction with their clinical practice using a 6-point Likert scale, and provided descriptions of their experience such as, “This health provider is professional”, or “What a great person he/she is as a health provider”. We counted the words and then categorized the responses into 10 traits, as defined by the American Pharmaceutical Association Academy of Students of Pharmacy—American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, Council of Deans Task Force on Professionalism 1999, using text mining. We analyzed the relationship between their experiences with respectful persons, and satisfaction, using the Mann-Whitney U-test (significance level<0.05). Most students (337 of 364, 92.6%) reported experiences with respectful health providers. These students experienced significantly more satisfaction than did other students (p<0.001). We analyzed 343 sentences written by 261 students, using text mining analysis after excluding unsuitable responses. The word most used was “patient” (121 times). Many students noted their impression that the pharmacists had answered patients' questions. Of the 10 trait categories, “professional knowledge and skills” was mentioned most often (151 students).

著者

小林 大高 坂巻 弘之 小松 涼 飯島 伴典 飯島 康典 大津賀 博之 斉藤 克也 関 徹也 中村 英俊 山浦 知之 横林 邦明

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.14-00013, (Released:2014-04-25)

参考文献数

4

被引用文献数

2

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This study aimed to determine how much time can be saved with the use of unit-of-use packaging for prescription drugs as compared with bulk packaging in community pharmacies as well as to determine the number of errors. In a simulation, mock prescriptions were dispensed either in unit-of-use packages or by transferring medication from a bulk container, and a time study was conducted to measure the time spent on dispensing and prescription auditing by pharmacists. Pharmacists' and patients' degree of satisfaction was also surveyed. The time saved with unit-of-use packaging was 66.25 seconds per prescription. The sole dispensing error that was found in the study occurred with bulk dispensing. Among both pharmacists and patients, many were of the opinion that dispensing with unit-of-use packaging was preferable to bulk dispensing. Unit-of-use packaging shortens the time that pharmacists spend on dispensing activities and increases the efficiency of their work. Unit-of-use packaging is also thought to reduce the number of counting errors.

著者

小栁 香織 窪田 敏夫 小林 大介 木原 太郎 吉田 武雄 三井所 尊正 斎藤 友亮 打越 英恵 高木 淳一 瀬尾 隆 島添 隆雄

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.13-00181, (Released:2013-08-23)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

6 17

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Pharmacists, being compensated through the new dispensing fee, are required to educate patients on their adhesion to the use of prescribed drugs, and to inventory the levels of leftover drugs in outpatients. Recently, Fukuoka City Pharmaceutical Association started a campaign for regulating leftover drugs (Setsuyaku Bag Campaign). Thirty-one pharmacies joined the campaign. Pharmacists distributed convenience bags, called ‘SETSUYAKU-BAG.’ The patients put their leftover drugs in the bags and brought them to community pharmacies. The pharmacists inventoried the returned drugs and reported their results to the doctors. The doctors adjusted the prescriptions accordingly. We counted and analyzed old and new inventories. The number of leftover drugs was 252, for a total value was &yen839,655. Cost of leftover drug prescriptions could be reduced by &yen702,695, and the value of drugs thrown away was &yen94,801. In total, we could reduce the amount of leftover drugs by 83.7%. The cost of leftover drug for one dose package (ODP) is higher than that for non-ODP. However, there were no significant differences in results per age, sex, number and kinds of drugs, prescription days and premium contribution rate. These results suggest that prescription regulation by inventory of leftover drugs in community pharmacies could significantly reduce overall medical expenses. Further studies are necessary in order to account for patients' health, and to establish more efficient patient education to raise outpatients' adherence to the new programs.

著者

吉田 徳幸 吉岡 靖雄 堤 康央

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.132, no.11, pp.1231-1236, 2012 (Released:2012-11-01)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

3

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A diverse array of nanomaterials (NMs), such as amorphous nanosilica (nSP), carbon nanotubes and titanium dioxide, has become widespread in use due to the development of nanotechnology. NMs are already being applied in universal fields because they have unique physicochemical properties. On the other hands, the safety of NMs has not been well assessed, because NMs have been considered as safe as common larger sized materials which are known not to be absorbed by the body. Because NMs have the potential to improve the quality of human life, it is essential to ensure the safety of NMs and provide information for designing safer NMs. In this regard, we studied the biological distribution and hazard identification of nSP following dermal administration, because nSP is used NMs in the cosmetics field. In the future, our study would help to set the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) and acceptable daily intake (ADI), and be useful information for the safety/hazard assessment and evaluation.

著者

佐塚 泰之 山下 恵代 岸本 修一 福島 昭二 竹内 由和 園部 尚

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.122, no.11, pp.995-999, 2002-11-01 (Released:2003-02-18)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

6 8

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We have confirmed that theanine, a major amino acid in green tea, enhances the antitumor activity of doxorubicin (DOX) without an increase in DOX-induced side effects. We believe that the action of theanine is due to decreases in glutamate uptake via inhibition of the glutamate transporter, intracellular glutathione (GSH) synthesis, GS-DOX conjugate level, and subsequent extracellular transport of GS-DOX by the MRP5/GS-X pump. To increase the clinical usefulness of theanine, we examined its effects on the antitumor activity of cisplatin and irinotecan (CPT-11), which a known to be transported by the efflux system related to MRP. Cisplatin decreased tumor volume in M5076 tumor-bearing mice. Furthermore, the combination of theanine with cisplatin increased the decrease in tumor volume as compared with the cisplatin-alone group. Tumor volume in the CPT-11-alone group did not show a decrease, but the combination of theanine with CPT-11 significantly reduced tumor volume. The concentration of cisplatin in the tumor was significantly increased by combination with theanine, and thus we assume that it correlated with the enhancement on the antitumor activity of theanine. On the other hand, changes in drug concentrations with theanine were not observed in normal tissues, but rather it is indicated that theanine tends to reduce their concentrations. Therefore theanine enhances the antitumor activity not only of DOX but also of cisplatin or CPT-11.

著者

植木 拓朗

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.7, pp.708-709, 2017 (Released:2017-07-01)

参考文献数

3

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1968年に発売された「南天のど飴」.もうすぐ発売から50年を迎えるが、発売当初は食品として販売されており,現在の医薬品のど飴ではなかった.南天のど飴は咳止め効果が認められ食品から医薬品へとかわった歴史がある.また、本品は医薬品であるにも関わらず風味にこだわっている点を紹介するとともに,生活者の方々により適正な情報を与えるにあたり,当社で取り組んでいる咳止め作用に関する研究内容も紹介する.

著者

間宮 弘晃

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.5, pp.430_2, 2023 (Released:2023-05-01)

著者

松木 則夫

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.1, pp.11, 2005-01-01 (Released:2018-08-26)

著者

藤原 亮一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.4, pp.352-353, 2022 (Released:2022-04-01)

参考文献数

10

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日本の薬学教育は6年制になって、特にアメリカと似たものであると認識していたが、筆者は米国の薬学部に異動し、アメリカにおける薬学教育に直接携わるようになってから、日米間での薬学教育の違いを目の当たりにする日々が続いている。そこで本コラムでは、アメリカ薬学部にて教鞭をとる立場から、アメリカの薬学教育、日本での薬学教育との違い、またそれぞれの特色について筆者が感じ取ったことをシリーズで紹介する。前回はアメリカの薬学部生がコロナ禍で活躍する様子を伝えた。今回はアメリカにおける学生の薬学部志望理由や学生生活、またアルバイトとして学生に人気の薬局テクニシャン(調剤助手)について紹介する。

著者

鹿村 恵明 大山 明子 高橋 淳一 赤木 祐貴 根岸 健一 伊集院 一成 上村 直樹 青山 隆夫

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.132, no.6, pp.753-761, 2012-06-01 (Released:2012-06-01)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

13 8

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This study examined the impact of pharmaceutical inquiries regarding prescriptions on drug costs by surveying the actual condition of inquiries at 13 pharmacies. The study also investigated the significance of inquiries from a medical economics perspective by calculating the medical cost savings realized by preventing adverse drug reactions (ADRs). As a result, the total change in drug costs for the 13 pharmacies after pharmaceutical inquiries represented an increase of ¥9,018/month. However, upon recalculating the cost of drugs by assuming that those with an “Incomplete entry in the prescription (compared with previous prescription, etc.)” should in fact have been prescribed, and excluding them, the total drug costs for the 13 pharmacies is decreased to ¥154,743/month, translating to a cost-savings of ¥7.2/prescription. The study then undertook a comprehensive assessment based on the Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC) system to determine the total medical cost-savings for 5 patients in whom ADRs could have occurred if the prescriptions had not been modified as a result of pharmaceutical inquiries. The obtained figure of ¥1,188,830 suggests that pharmaceutical inquiries contribute to reduced medical costs. The findings of this study indicate that pharmaceutical inquiries regarding prescriptions by staff pharmacists not only ensure the proper delivery of drug therapy to patients, but are also effective from a medical economics perspective.

著者

永野 隆夫 渡辺 与八郎 本間 達二 祐田 泰延 山本 丈夫

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

衛生化学 (ISSN:0013273X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.4, pp.182-186, 1978-08-31 (Released:2008-05-30)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

1 2

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Effect of chlorella, which contained cadmium in its cells, designated as cadmium-containing chlorella, on rats was studied and the following facts were found : 1) When the cadmium-containing chlorella was administered to rats orally for 10 days, no significant difference in body weight from control rats was observed. However, in the case of repeated oral administration of cadmium chloride, the growth of rats was impeded significantly. 2) Cadmium concentration in organs of rats after administration of cadmium-containing chlorella for 10 days was significantly lower than that of rats administered cadmium chloride. 3) Cadmium concentration in blood after single oral administration of cadmium chloride (10 mg/kg) or cadmium-containing chlorella (10 mg/kg) was examined, and 119 ng/ml blood was found 3 hr after cadmium chloride was given but only little cadmium was detected in blood after cadmium-containing chlorella was given. 4) Urinary excretion of cadmium from cadmium-containing chlorella was significantly faster than that of rats administered cadmium chloride.

著者

馰谷 剛志

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.3, pp.215-218, 2016 (Released:2016-03-01)

参考文献数

18

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アカデミアの知財戦略では、知財は研究成果ではなくビジネスの武器であるとの認識を以て医薬製品を頑健な特許権で保護するために研究計画やラボノートの整備等出願前の周到な準備が重要である。医薬分野は世界が戦場であり、出口戦略の成功のためには、入口の段階から知財やビジネスの専門家と協力し戦略を練るべきである。また、基礎研究のみならず臨床・トランスレーショナル研究等総合的な知財ポートフォリオの策定も必要である。

著者

本間 正充

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.2, pp.143-148, 2009-02-01 (Released:2018-08-26)

参考文献数

4

著者

五十川 正記

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.12, pp.1118_4, 2020 (Released:2020-12-01)

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免疫とは,その名が示す通り疫(病気)から免れるために発達した機能であり,その本質的な役割は,体内に侵入する病原体を排除することである.一方で,個体自身の細胞や,病原性を持たない異物に対しては,免疫応答は通常起こらず,これを免疫寛容と呼ぶ.免疫寛容が破綻し,個体自身の細胞に対して免疫応答が起こった場合,膠原病などの自己免疫疾患が発症する.病原性を持たない異物への免疫応答による有害事象として,花粉症などがあげられる.免疫寛容の破綻による有害事象とは対照的に,母子感染などにより免疫系が成熟する前にウイルスが持続感染が成立した場合,個体はウイルスを異物として認識せず,免疫寛容が成立し,生涯にわたってウイルス排除が困難になる場合もある.

著者

家入 一郎 樋口 駿

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.129, no.2, pp.231-235, 2009-02-01 (Released:2009-02-01)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

5 4

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Intra- and inter-ethnic differences in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of clinically relevant drugs are important issues not only for scenes of appropriate drug use in clinical settings but also for those of the drug development. Pharmacogenomics is extremely useful for understanding these racial differences. In this presentation, I will introduce pharmacogenomic concepts (e.g., single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotype) for interpretation of racial differences in some drugs; pharmacogenomics of drug transporters such as OATP1B1 (organic anion transporting-polypeptide 1B1) and OCT1 (organic cation transporter 1) in pravastatin, metformin, and rosuvastatin will be discussed as model drugs.

著者

入江 徹美

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.142, no.4, pp.389-400, 2022-04-01 (Released:2022-04-01)

参考文献数

53

被引用文献数

1

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Cyclodextrins (CDs) are used not only as pharmaceutical excipients but also as active pharmaceutical ingredients. CDs can act as artificial carriers or shuttles to ameliorate lipid transport disorders. Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is an inherited, progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in NPC1 or NPC2 genes, in which unesterified cholesterol accumulates in lysosomes and the transport of cholesterol from lysosomes to the endoplasmic reticulum is impaired. 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-CD (HPBCD) has activity as a cholesterol shuttle and can attenuate NPC-related manifestations in model cells and animals. HPBCD can also be an effective treatment for NPC patients, but has produced lung damage and ototoxicity at therapeutic doses in clinical trials. Like HPBCD, 2-hydroxypropyl-γ-CD (HPGCD) can normalize disrupted cholesterol homeostasis in cells derived from NPC patients and NPC model mice. HPGCD interacts with unesterified cholesterol with a mode of interaction distinct from that of HPBCD and acts as a fine-tuned cholesterol shuttle for the treatment of NPC with a wider safety margin than HPBCD in terms of ototoxicity and pulmonary toxicity. By bridging clinical and basic research, it is hoped that progress will be made in the development of therapeutic agents against neurodegenerative lipid storage disorders that share common pathogenic mechanisms with NPC.