著者

柳沢 新

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.2, pp.133-137, 2009

参考文献数

9

著者

鈴木 亮平 大津 史子 後藤 伸之

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.135, no.7, pp.895-916, 2015 (Released:2015-07-01)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1

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The purpose of this study was to develop and validate estimate equations for preventing adverse drug reactions (ADRs). We conducted five case-control studies to identify individual risk factors and subjective symptoms associated with the following five ADRs: drug-induced ischemic heart disease; renal damage; muscle disorder; interstitial pneumonia; and leucopenia. We performed logistic regression analysis and obtained eight regression equations for each ADR. We converted these to ADR estimate equations for predicting the likelihood of ADRs. We randomly selected 50 cases with non-individual ADRs from the Case Reports of Adverse Drug Reactions and Poisoning Information System (CARPIS) database of over 65000 case reports of ADRs, and assigned these cases to a validation case group. We then calculated the predictive probability for 50 cases using the eight estimate equations for each ADR. The highest probability for each ADR was set as the probability of each ADR. If the probability was over 50%, the case was interpreted as ADR-positive. We calculated and evaluated the sensitivity, specificity, and positive likelihood ratio of this system. Sensitivity of the estimate equations for muscle disorder and interstitial pneumonia were ≥90%. Specificity and positive likelihood ratios of estimate equations for renal damage, interstitial pneumonia and leucopenia were ≥80% and ≥5, respectively. Our estimate equations thus showed high validity, and are therefore helpful for the prevention or early detection of ADRs.

著者

廣瀬 順造

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.134, no.11, pp.1109-1124, 2014 (Released:2014-11-01)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

1

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The metal dissociation constants of bovine carbonic anhydrase II, bovine carboxypeptidase A, rat aminopeptidase B, and rat dipeptidyl peptidase III were measured using metal buffer solutions. The zinc dissociation constants of bovine carbonic anhydrase II, bovine carboxypeptidase A, rat aminopeptidase B, and rat dipeptidyl peptidase III were 5.8×10−14, 3.5×10−12, 3.7×10−13, and 1.9×10−13 M, respectively. The ternary complex between metal derivatives of bovine carbonic anhydrase and various chelating agents were characterized using the kinetic method and visible and magnetic circular dichroism spectra. The coordination geometry of the ternary complex was in the equilibrium state between the five and the tetrahedral coordination geometry. The equilibrium state depends on the character of ligands. Dipeptidyl peptidase III which has an abnormal zinc binding motif (HEXXXH) was characterized using the point mutation and computer simulation methods. The abnormal zinc binding motif (HEXXXH) of rat dipeptidyl peptidase III has a large helix part. It is generally known that the cupric derivatives of the zinc peptidase loses enzyme activity, but the cupric derivative of dipeptidyl peptidase III surprisingly has enzyme activity. The measurement of the electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of the cupric rat dipeptidyl peptidase III in the presence of the substrate showed that the coordination geometry is very flexible. The flexibility of the coordination geometry in the cupric rat dipeptidyl peptidase III is important for the expression of enzyme activity. Docking simulation was used to identify the substrate binding site of aminopeptidase B, which is a powerful tool to estimate substrate binding residues in enzymes.

著者

小早川 武德

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.10, pp.970-971, 2012

著者

三橋 博 金子 光 佐々木 希吉

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.11, pp.1119-1122, 1962

被引用文献数

1

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It was shown that DL-phenylalanine [2-<SUP>14</SUP>C] was incorporated into C-3 of two kinds of isoflavone, formononetin and genistein, by <I>Trifolium pratense</I> sp., <I>in vivo</I>.<BR>These results indicate that the aryl group undergoes a migration within the C<SUB>6</SUB>-C-C-C fragment, and this observation agrees with Grisebach's experimental data.

著者

山下 純一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.10, pp.1051-1054, 1991

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.12, pp.e2ac-e2ac, 1952 (Released:2010-02-19)

著者

上杉 志成

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.4, pp.361-363, 2008

著者

高橋 恭兵 立浪 良介 丹保 好子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.128, no.10, pp.1443-1448, 2008 (Released:2008-10-01)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

7 11

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Diabetic patients exhibit increased blood plasma levels of methylglyoxal (MG), a metabolite of glucose. Since MG generates advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) that disrupt the functions of such biomolecules as proteins, it is responsible for the progression and complications of diabetes. A functional disorder of the vascular endothelium may also contribute to the progression and complications of diabetes. In endothelial cells, MG is the major precursor for the formation of AGEs. In this study, we examined the effects of MG on vascular endothelial cells and found that it induced the apoptosis of bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs). MG induced the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, an index of apoptosis, and the elevation of caspase-3 activity, an apoptotic execution enzyme, leading to cell death. Flow cytometric analyses with annexin-V and propidium iodide double staining revealed that cells exposed to a lethal dose of MG displayed features characteristic of apoptosis. MG induced an increase in the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) prior to induction of apoptosis. Taken together, these findings suggest that BAECs exposed to MG die by apoptosis due to the increase of intracellular ROS level.

著者

水島 徹

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.132, no.6, pp.713-720, 2012 (Released:2012-06-01)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

2 4

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As a new strategy for drug discovery and development, we propose here the establishment of drug re-profiling strategy. In this strategy, the actions of existing medicines, whose safety and pharmacokinetic effects in humans have been confirmed already, are examined comprehensively at the molecular level and the results are used for the development of new medicines. For example, identification of the mechanisms underlying the side effects of medicines enables us to develop safer drugs. The results can also be used for developing existing drugs for use as medicines in treatment of other diseases. Promoting this research strategy could provide breakthroughs in drug discovery and development by pharmaceutical companies.

著者

松田 敏夫

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.4, pp.307-311, 2001

参考文献数

23

著者

佐藤 洋美 上野 光一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.3, pp.218-222, 2011

参考文献数

23

著者

菅原 隆文 村上 礼隆 植竹 宣江 開 浩一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.135, no.6, pp.829-833, 2015 (Released:2015-06-01)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1

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Recently, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli has been more frequently isolated from blood specimens than in the past. In this study we investigated a panel of therapeutic agents used to treat 37 patients with ESBL-producing E. coli bacteremia. Antimicrobial agents administered as definitive therapy displayed higher efficacy rates than when empiric therapy was administered (efficacy rates, 95.7% vs. 62.5%). The success rate of carbapenem was 95.8% (23/24) in patients with ESBL-producing E. coli bacteremia. In addition, the success rate of cefmetazole against ESBL-producing E. coli sensitive to this drug was 87.5% (7/8). In conclusion, patients at high risk of infection due to ESBL-producing E. coli should be empirically treated with carbapenem antibiotics. In addition, cefmetazole may be a treatment option for patients with ESBL-producing E. coli bacteremia.

著者

花輪 剛久

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.12, pp.1146_1-1146_1, 2016 (Released:2016-12-01)

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今夏,筆者は夏季休暇を利用してアメリカのミネソタ州に1週間滞在した.多くの方々から「なぜミネソタなの?」とたずねられたが,ミネソタは筆者が留学のため家族とともに2005年から2006年にかけて過ごした場所であり,日本語補習校を訪問すること,留学先のボスに最近の研究状況について報告すること,妻が在籍したラボが新築移転したのでそれを見学しに行くこと,そしてアメリカ国内で開設した銀行口座を閉じることなどを目的とした旅行であった.

著者

溝口 優 桑野 紗子 鈴木 育子 重山 昌人

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.136, no.12, pp.1657-1666, 2016 (Released:2016-12-01)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1

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Although the removal of bacteria in the oral cavity is regarded as an important preventive measure against pneumonia, the majority of elderly individuals are rarely provided with oral care-related information. This study examined the usefulness of oral care-related information provision for the elderly by pharmacists working at drugstores. A questionnaire survey was conducted, involving 387 pharmacists working at drugstores and 51 elderly individuals who visited such stores. Oral care-related information had been actively provided by 14.5% of the pharmacists, and 62.5% of all oral care products were being sold as care products. When focusing on the elderly, 70.6% showed interest in oral care, but the proportion of those who had performed self-care to promote such health was limited to 5.9%. After being provided with oral care-information, 97.6% answered “I wish to regularly perform oral self-care”, and 86.3% regarded oral care-related information provision by pharmacists as “very useful”. The results of this study demonstrate the usefulness of information provision by pharmacists at drugstores to promote oral self-care among the elderly.

著者

渡邊 晃生

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.7, pp.703-703, 2013-07-01 (Released:2016-09-26)

著者

中川 昌子 木内 みどり 小尾 道子 殿塚 雅克 小林 和美 日野 亨 舟越 和久

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.2, pp.304-312, 1975

被引用文献数

17

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The reaction of tryptamine with δ-valerolactone in tetralin gave δ-hydroxyamide (3) as the main product and the lactam (4) as the minor product. However, the reaction of 5, 6-dihydro-2-pyrone with tryptamine or aniline afforded a mixture of the corresponding αβ- and βγ-unsaturated lactams, whereas, 2-pyrone did not react with either tryptamine or aniline to give the corresponding pyridone. Cyclization of 3 or 4 by Bischler-Napieralski reaction and followed NaBH<SUB>4</SUB> reduction provided a convement synthesis of 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 12, 12b-octahydroindolo [2, 3-α] quinolizine (23).

著者

竹田 修三

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.133, no.10, pp.1093-1101, 2013

被引用文献数

10

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Considerable attention has focused on cannabidiol (CBD), a major non-psychotropic constituent of fiber-type <i>cannabis</i> plant, and it has been reported to possess diverse biological activities. Although CBD is obtained from non-enzymatic decarboxylation of its parent molecule, cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), several studies have investigated whether CBDA itself is biologically active. In the present report, the author summarizes findings indicating that; 1) CBDA is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, and ii) CBDA possesses an anti-migrative potential for highly invasive cancer cells, apparently through a mechanism involving inhibition of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A, coupled with an activation of the small GTPase, RhoA. Further, the author introduces recent findings on the medicinal chemistry and pharmacology of the CBD derivative, CBD-2′,6′-dimethyl ether (CBDD), that exhibits inhibitory activity toward 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX), an enzyme responsible for the production of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL). These studies establish CBD as both an important experimental tool and as a lead compound for pharmaceutical development. In this review, the author further discusses the potential uses of CBD and its derivatives in future medicines.<br>

著者

鈴木 信也 村山 悠佳 杉山 恵理花 関山 正夫 佐藤 均

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.129, no.7, pp.829-842, 2009

被引用文献数

8 3

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We established dose estimation formulae for renal-excretion drugs using the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), tubular secretion clearance (Sc), and unbound fraction of drug in plasma (fp) as a renal function index of physiological development in neonates and infants not more than 2 years of age. A dose ratio of (D_C/D_A)=clearance ratio of (CL_C/CL_A)≅(fp_C·GFR_C)/(fp_A·GFR_A) for neonates and infants/adults was applied to drugs with fp·GFR>Sc, while D_C/D_A=CL_C/CL_A≅(β·BSA_C+fp_C·GFR_C)/(β·BSA_A+fp_A·GFR_A) was applied to drugs with Sc>fp·GFR using the coefficient of each drug (β) and body surface area (BSA). Validity of the estimation formulae was investigated in drugs with fp·GFR>Sc such as vancomycin (VCM), arbekacin (ABK), fosfomycin (FOM) and norfloxacin (NFLX), and in drugs with Sc>fp·GFR such as digoxin (DGX) and amoxicillin (AMPC). First, we compared the clearance ratio (CL_C/ CL_A) of VCM, ABK, and DGX estimated by our method with those calculated using the Japanese population clear- ance values and those estimated allometrically (BSA_C/BSA_A). Next, we compared the established doses of all drugs investigated with the doses for neonates and infants calculated from the conventional dose estimation methods for children and our estimation formulae, and evaluated our method. As a result, favorable consistency was observed in the CL ratio for all drugs, and the doses of VCM, FOM, NFLX and AMPC calculated from our estimation formulae approximated the established doses. In conclusion, the validity of the dose estimation method using pharmacokinetic factors related to physiological development (i.e., GFR, fp, Sc) for renal-excretion drugs in neonates and infants was demonstrated.<br>

著者

上杉 志成

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.11, pp.1147-1150, 2009

参考文献数

3