著者

駒木 定正

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.471, pp.139-146, 1995-05-30 (Released:2017-01-27)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

3

---

The purpose of this research is to clarify the structure and specifications of theOtaru Branch of the Bank of Japan which was built in 1912.The structure of this building.the sixth branch of the Bank of Japan built in the Meiji era.is made of masonry.! compared this building with the other Bank of Japan buildings regarding specifications of the foundations,walls,floors,roof trusses and roofs. The research made it clear that this building made use not only of established techniques but of the most advanced techiniques of that time.

著者

飯泉 元気 小峯 裕己

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.806, pp.334-343, 2023-04-01 (Released:2023-04-01)

参考文献数

7

---

The fact-finding study for elevator system installed to a university facility of a high-rise building, which system is considered to have low service satisfaction was conducted. In addition, a comparison was made between the results of conventional elevator design methods and actual measured values. As a result, the accuracy of the round-trip time predictions could be improved by adjusting the "loss time factor" of the traffic calculation method. These results indicate that the adjusted traffic calculation method can be used to design elevator systems in high-rise university facilities.

著者

堀江 亨

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.604, pp.39-46, 2006-06-30 (Released:2017-02-17)

被引用文献数

4 5

---

This paper deals with the frame of Japanese premodern farmhouses and considers which roof frame they adopted, post-framing or sasu (similar to principal rafter) framing. Analyzing the transitional forms of the roof frame between post-framing and sasu-framing, the process of transformation of the framework is clarified including the frame with ridge-supporting posts which was undifferentiated roof frame from main frame. It's revealed that post-framing systems were superior in the western Japan, and that the several forms consisted of both a ridge-supporting post and slanting members such as sasu or nobori-bari were appeared in the eastern Japan in the beginning of premodern times.

著者

柳沢 究 布野 修司

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.623, pp.153-160, 2008-01-30 (Released:2008-10-31)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

2 1

---

This paper focuses upon the spatial formation of mohalla in Varanasi city. Mohalla is traditional neighborhood unit common in North Indian cities, and it was the elemental component of the city in Mughal period as an administrative tax unit as well as an autonomous organization. Nowadays, however, it has lost the administrative meaning and its geographical extent and boundary are becoming unclear.Based on our field survey, this paper clarifies the spatial formation of mohalla such as allocation, size, boundary form, distribution of facilities and street structure, and links them to the historical formation process of the city. The mohallas of Varanasi can be classified broadly into two types. One has linear or tree shape formed along streets, and the other has broad territorial shape. The spatial features of those two types are different in various aspects, in reflection of the degree of urbanization at the time the mohallas were established.

著者

中村 隼人

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会東北支部研究報告集. 計画系

巻号頁・発行日

no.78, 2015-06

著者

沼田 麻美子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.805, pp.996-1007, 2023-03-01 (Released:2023-03-01)

参考文献数

40

---

The purpose of this study is to gain knowledge on the spread of Photovoltaic in Germany. There are major differences between Japan and Germany in zoning, including building permits for PV installations and land use restrictions. Based on these, we will show the direction toward the spread of PV in Japan. The first point, Considering making all PV installation a registration system; The second point, Mandatory environmental impact assessment for ground-based PV in rural areas; The third point, Correspondence of cityscape conservation area of urban area utilizing landscape law; The fourth point, Ensuring high quality PV panels.

著者

水谷 誠 北川 啓介 内藤 拓也 森川 祐喜

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.656, pp.2335-2342, 2010-10-30 (Released:2011-02-16)

参考文献数

27

---

Architectural space is composed by the interrelationship of three elements; relationship between interior space and exterior space which created the space by putting the wall, relationship between interior space and interior space which is based on arrangement and expanse of room and wall and human being who enjoy two relationships and move in it. So to speak, the architectural design is pursuit of the interrelationship of three elements, and what were created by the behavior are the outline, zone, and path. On this research, we define three kind of factor, outline which expanse to exterior space, zone, which means continuity of rooms and path which means positioning of various buildings. Furthermore, we analyze by comparison of those factors and consider the interrelationship of three elements.

著者

中村 優花 岡﨑 甚幸

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.754, pp.2441-2451, 2018 (Released:2018-12-30)

参考文献数

88

---

This study is to analyze the types of spatial composition within Buddhist shrines. The focus was on the spatial composition, the plan forms and the arrangement of worship objects (stupas and Buddhist statues). This research is based on 55 documented Buddhist temples in Central Asia. The shrine architectures have been divided into 4 types based on spatial compositions. The meanings of spatial composition also have been discussed by conjecturing how worship acts were performed in shrine architectures. For the purpose of this study, Central Asia is defined as: northern Pakistan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and Xinjiang Uyghur (Fig. 1). The plan forms were divided into the following types: single chamber, two-celled chamber which has main chamber and ante-chamber (having wing walls and without wing walls type), and the corridor type (a main chamber enclosed by a single wall/ two-celled chamber enclosed by a single wall) (Fig. 2). According to the classification of plan forms, the arrangement of worship objects was classified as I, II, III, and IV. The spatial compositions were analyzed based on the schemas. The shrine architectures have been divided into 4 types as the follows (Fig. 3): I. Worshippers face worship object inside or outside the chamber: Worshippers do not enter inside, and face to the worship object directly; Worshippers enter inside directly without wing walls, judging from its large scale; Worshippers enter inside through wing walls, judging from its large scale and the spatial composition. II. Shrine with axiality: the worship object is located at the further end of the shrine (in some cases, center of the shrine). There is the symbolic direction to the worship object. Worshippers face the worship object. III. Shrine with circumambulatory: the worship object is housed in the center of the main chamber. Accordingly, pradak?i?a (Buddhist devotional practice) is performed. IV. Shrine with centrality: the worship objects are placed on three sides or four sides of the main chamber. The plan forms of shrines are centralized plan such as a square and a cruciform. Axiality is a common characteristic in many shrine architectures. Axiality is necessarily component in the case of the two-celled chamber type shrines. In addition, it became clear that there is the shrine architecture includes some characteristics of spatial composition: axiality + circumambulatory, and axiality + circumambulatory + centrality. Over a long period of time, circumambulatory design was adopted for wide areas because it indicated the circumambulation ritual from left to right of the worship object. On the other hand, there were few examples of shrine architectures with centrality. It has been conjectured that centrality was a determinate factor judging from the aspect of geographical distribution. Based on the analysis, the meaning of the spatial compositions was considered. The conclusions are as follows: - Shrines with axiality means that the Buddhist world continues forward. - Shrines with circumambulatory were held for service of the cosmological Buddha. - Shrines with centrality had worshippers enclosed by the Buddhist world. It could be considered that “circumambulatory” and “centrality” is contrasting characteristics of spatial composition and suggests a change of meaning in the shrine architecture.

著者

本間 健太郎 今井 公太郎

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.759, pp.1113-1122, 2019 (Released:2019-05-30)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

1

---

The objective of this paper is to quantify the room shape in terms of visibility of a visual target within the room, thus finally to obtain the optimal room shape. A wide variety of visual targets are envisaged, such as a blackboard within a classroom, a stage in a theater, or a painting in a gallery. Their common point is that they are so important that their visibility impacts the room shape. In order to obtain planning guidelines of various rooms with various visual targets, the visibility theory is developed in both a unified and a deductive way. In concrete terms, (i) A reasonable function for expressing “point-visibility” is proposed from an arbitrary viewpoint. The proposed formula not only is understandable intuitively and operational, but represents generalization of approximation equation for the solid angle of the visual target. (ii) Next, a reasonable method of aggregating point-visibility is proposed. Therefore “area-visibility” as a value for evaluating the space as a whole is derived, doubly integrating the p-th power of point-visibility. Area-visibility can be used to evaluate both classrooms that need equality among students by focusing bad view areas, and galleries where the visitor can determine the viewing position by focusing good view areas. (iii) Finally, the optimal room shape is derived in which area-visibility is maximized. Here, we obtain the optimal aspect ratio of a rectangular plan room where the visual target is on one wall. Through the process described above, this paper is successful in clearly describing area-visibility as the formula containing three parameters and obtaining the relationship between these values and optimal room shapes. These three consist of the two parameters derived from the point-visibility function(negative impact α when viewing the target at an angle, and negative impact β when viewing the target far away), and one parameter introduced when aggregating point-visibility (degree of inequality p in the visibility distribution). This means that “α and β representing human eyesight” and “p depending on rooms’ usage” can be directly linked to an “evaluation value of room shape known as area-visibility”, and thus the “optimal shape of the room”. In other words, once the preconditions are determined, we can obtain information immediately that is useful for planning and design. In consequence, this is considered to be valid knowledge that allows the visibility evaluation that previously was carried out based on experience to be performed objectively.

著者

根本 晋吾 高橋 達

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.714, pp.639-646, 2015 (Released:2015-09-25)

参考文献数

18

---

This paper describes results of a numerical simulation and an exergy analysis focusing on the influence of piping thermal insulation on thermal comfort and resource consumption related to hot water floor heating during night time. In a case, pipe length is 1m indoor and 4m outdoor, changing from polyethylene foam 10mm to urethane foam 30mm can reduce warm exergy consumption within the pipe from the boiler to the inlet of the floor in 68%. At the same time, the seasonal median of the room air temperature at am 6:00 can be raised from 15.5°C to 20.0°C. Improving thermal insulation of piping increases radiant and convective warm exergy from the floor two times and four times, even if hot water temperature at the outlet of the boiler is the same.

著者

市川 紘司

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.805, pp.1103-1112, 2023-03-01 (Released:2023-03-01)

参考文献数

11

---

By focusing on Uzo Nishiyama's exchange activities with China prior to 1972, this study reveals two things.1. Nishiyama, an architectural scholar influenced by Marxism, had his first opportunity to visit China in 1956, but was not realized because the government did not issue him a passport. However, in 1960, he could stay China for a month, inspecting new buildings and having a relationship with architects such as Liang Sicheng.2. After returning to Japan, Nishiyama published his experiences in many journals, and also established the Japan-China Center for Architectural Exchange, exchanging magazines and sending reporter to Beijing Conference.

著者

小沢 直 本杉 省三

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.558, pp.121-128, 2002-08-30 (Released:2017-02-04)

被引用文献数

1

---

This paper investigates the singularity of the amount of work and a work schedule of a drama performance in a temporary theater. making the stage and audience seating including technical fascilities in itrequires a big amount of work and long production schedule. It brings also positive activity for all member of drama company.

著者

宮谷 慶一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.663, pp.1003-1010, 2011-05-30 (Released:2011-11-15)

---

The purpose of this study is to analyze the brick industry of major prefectures in modern Japan by statistical data. Main results of this study are as follows. 1. The major prefectures of brick production were Osaka, Tokyo and Saitama in the Meiji and Taisho eras. 2. In these prefectures, the scale of factories was larger than national data, but productivity was not. 3. The ratio of large scale factories and spread of engines were higher than national data. 4. The working days of a year were depended on the production facilities. Large scale factories owned grinding and drying facilities; therefore they made it possible to operate throughout the year.

著者

亀谷 義浩

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.804, pp.436-445, 2023-02-01 (Released:2023-02-01)

参考文献数

9

---

Since the outbreak of the Corona virus in 2020, many supermarkets have installed hand sanitizers at their entrance and exit. Because many people touch goods, shopping carts and baskets there, they are possible to be infected with the virus. Alcohol disinfectants can reduce the risk of infection. However, it is not clear whether the customers are using it and actual usage rate when entering and leaving. In this study, we investigated the use of disinfectant at entrance and exit of the supermarkets, and clarified the relationship between the amounts, the location, the using method of the disinfectant, and customers’ behavior.

著者

藤沢 彰

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.506, pp.149-154, 1998-04-30 (Released:2017-02-02)

参考文献数

25

---

I propose a reconstructed model of the main sanctuary at Izumo-Taisha Shrine in the Keicho period. It was 5 ken (35 shaku, approximately 10.605 meters) wide, 5 ken deep, a ken was equivalent to 7 shaku, and 6 jo 5 shaku 4 sun (approximately 19.816 meters) high. I presume that it didn't have a pillar that supports the ridge beam directly (manamoti-bashira), and it had a roof construction system based on one slightly curved beam (koryo) and principal rafter with king-strut (inoko-sasu).

著者

渡邉 健太郎 遠藤 涼平 岩田 伸一郎

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.800, pp.1900-1909, 2022-10-01 (Released:2022-10-01)

参考文献数

9

---

This study clarified the train user’s tendency of smartphone use while walking from the station’s ticket gate. The walkers who had a smartphone in hand at the ticket gate and had waited over 40 seconds at the stoplight tend to do the act. The presence of other walkers in personal space is the continuation factor of the act, but not the starting factor. The act occurs easily at the places which are within 200m from stay place, because smartphone users can’t stop promptly the operation which was started at the stay place and they can find guides easily.

著者

大森 正登 今川 望 平手 小太郎

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.456, pp.63-73, 1994-02-28 (Released:2017-01-27)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

1 1

---

About the space that a designer planned, we developed the system for simplified forecast of comfort on post occupancy environment. This is the system which designer and building-owner are able to get support in case of planning to improve comfort in the office space. In this system, user describes the space which they want to evaluate comfort in terms of component's grade. After user select early frequency distribution equivalent for component's grade, this system does output frequency distribution forecast of comfort on post occupancy environment with method of exchange by varoius weighting coefficients. As a result, the distribution actually measured by test closely matched the distribution forecasted by above procedure. We could verify that this system is potentially capable of doing "Ante Occupancy Evaluation" on office environment, and that the assumption which was introduced in the middle of forecasting distribution is not greatly beside from the process of comfort-judgement by human subjects.

著者

坂口 武司 山中 俊夫 甲谷 寿史 桃井 良尚 相良 和伸

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.736, pp.569-578, 2017 (Released:2017-06-30)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1

---

Not only spaces of study, such as, a classroom and a library, but also those for informal communication in lunch time and after school, such as, courtyard and entrance hall, are one of the most important factors for campus planning. To say about communication spaces, the environment and its influence on the state of mind and the behavior of the students must be different between the indoor communication space where the thermal condition is controlled by artificial devices, and that of outdoor where the thermal condition changes naturally. But, few studies are found from the viewpoint of thermal condition and usage of those spaces. The purpose of this study is to figure out the thermal and architectural influences of the indoor and outdoor community spaces of the junior and senior high school buildings on the state of mind and the behavior of the students through the year. The research of the thermal environment, the observational survey and the questionnaire survey have been done in June, September, October, November, and February, in the junior and senior high school. The results are shown as follows. 1. Both the result of the observational survey and the questionnaire survey shows that students stay hall and courtyard having a lunch and chattering in lunch time, then, after school, they were mainly studying in the hall, chattering and having rendezvous with friends in the courtyard. The staying time is longer in the hall than in the courtyard. So, it found that students chose which to stay depend on the staying time and purpose. 2. The research of the thermal environment and observational survey show that there was no correlation between the number of students in the hall or courtyard and the temperature, and also that students kept staying in the courtyard in high temperature as 28 degree centigrade in September. 3. There was a weak positive correlation between the temperature and the rate to choose staying in the courtyard. In September, in spite of the heat, the rate increased. In February, because of the cold, the rate decreased. 4. PMV of the hall and courtyard was almost within +1.0 to -1.0 through the year. In June and September, in the courtyard, PMV increased more than +1.0, but the number of the students staying there didn't decrease. 5. The thermal sense in February shows that the ratio of the sum of the cold and slightly cold in the hall was more than that in the courtyard. It can be inferred that the students' basic metabolic rate is higher than those of the grown-up, and also, that students have chosen to stay outside by themselves, knowing it's cold there. 6. In the courtyard, there was no correlation between the evaluation of thermal comfort and PPD. One of the reasons is assumed that there are a lot of stimulus in outdoor except for thermal stimuli, one more reason is also assumed that thermal condition such as heat and cold outdoor is tend to be widely accepted compared with indoor. 7. The students' evaluation shows that furniture and vending machines promote to stay in the courtyard. 8. The students' evaluation shows that they feel natural factors, such as, “wind” , ”shade of tree”, “sunshine”, and “sky”, more in the courtyard than in the hall. 9. The students' evaluation shows that there were about 30% replies of the long distance from the classroom to there, for the reason why students don't stay in the hall or the courtyard. But, another evaluation shows there is not obvious relation between the distance and the number of staying students. On the other hand, the reason to stay in the hall or courtyard has a difference by grade. Those results are expected to be the basic data necessary for planning informal communication spaces in schools, specially in the outdoor.

著者

藤木 亮介 秋山 哲一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.635, pp.223-231, 2009-01-30 (Released:2009-11-02)

参考文献数

3

被引用文献数

2 2

---

This study analyzes the difference of maintenance cost of individual building of the complex of condominiums. As a result of the analysis, the following items were clarified. •In the complex of condominiums of the similar shape, the large difference of the maintenance cost is caused in the renewal of the incidental hardware of the buildings. •In the complex of condominiums of the different shape, the large difference of the maintenance cost is caused by the difference of the construction area.These results show that it is necessary to manage the maintenance cost of each building separately.

著者

高橋 之 真田 靖士 尹 ロク現 設樂 朋代

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.804, pp.559-567, 2023-02-01 (Released:2023-02-01)

参考文献数

18

---

Seismic retrofit for buildings have been proved effective to survive the past earthquakes in Japan. It will be effective in other countries whereas seismic retrofit is not popular in many developing countries. In this study, a strategy to cost-effectively progress seismic retrofit is proposed so as to be applicable in developing countries. The proposed strategy is numerically investigated by using a database on 582 RC buildings in Dhaka. The major result shows that the proposed strategy can identify buildings to be retrofitted and determine the increment of strength in terms of cost-effectiveness.