著者

江藤 隆之 Takahiro Eto

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山法学 (ISSN:13481312)

巻号頁・発行日

no.17, pp.1-27, 2011-03

著者

前田 徹生 Tetsuo Maeda

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山法学 (ISSN:13481312)

巻号頁・発行日

no.8, pp.39-78, 2006-09

著者

松田 聰子

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山法学 = St. Andrew's University Law Review (ISSN:13481312)

巻号頁・発行日

no.33, pp.1-40, 2020-10-14

著者

金江 亮

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学経済経営論集 = ST.ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS REVIEW (ISSN:02869721)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.2, pp.153-174, 2021-10-26

著者

小林 信彦 Nobuhiko Kobayashi

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学人間科学 (ISSN:09170227)

巻号頁・発行日

no.36, pp.81-196[含 英語文要旨], 2009-03

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Paul Carus (1852-1919) wrote a short Buddhist narrative called "The Spider-web" in 1894 and Teitaro Suzuki (鈴木貞太郎 1870-1966) translated it into Japanese in 1898. Ryunosuke Akutagawa (芥川龍之介 1892-1927) adapted it for children in 1918. Entitled "Kumo-no-ito" (蜘蛛の糸 a spider's thread), this adaptation was evaluated highly among Japanese critics and adopted in many schoolbooks. In spite of its high reputation among critics, however, Akutagawa's Kumo-no-ito is not a success as an adapted story. Ignorant of the Buddhist tradition, Akutagawa missed Carus's points and failed to construct a coherent story. Modern philological study of Buddhist texts was established in Europe in the nineteenth century and excellent research results were produced there. Having taken advantage of them, Carus knew much about ancient Buddhist literature. His tale is faithful to the Buddhist tradition and coherent as a whole. Carus had diligently studied Buddhism, read almost all translations of Buddhist scriptures then available in Europe, and written many books on Buddhism. So he was following the Buddhist tradition when he wrote "The Spider-web," which runs as follows: A sinner called Kandata has been suffering tortures in Hell. Having appeared on earth, Buddha sheds rays. Spreading everywhere, they reach even Hell. And he sends a spider as his proxy to Kandata, who takes hold of the web and begins to climb up. Soon he feels the thread trembling, for many sinners are climbing after him. Kandata becomes frightened and shouts, "Let go the cobweb. It is mine." At that moment, the spiderweb breaks, and all fall back into Hell. (Here the rays are a symbol of Buddha's teaching.) The meaning of this story is that it is essential to follow Buddha's teaching, according to which there exists no such thing as atman (self). The Hindus believe that an entity called "atman" subists in every human or animal body. In contrast, the Buddhists deny the existence of atman. Kandata falls back into Hell, because he proves that the illusion of atman is still upon him, saying that the cob-web is his alone. In translating "the illusion of atman (self)," the ancient Chinese used the expression "wozhi-wangnian" 我執-妄念, which means "the mistaken idea approving the existence of atman," "wo" 我 (I) being equivalent to the Sanskrit "atman." The ancient Japanese borrowed the word "wo-zhi

著者

木村 信一 Shinichi Kimura

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学キリスト教論集 (ISSN:0286973X)

巻号頁・発行日

no.6, pp.59-74, 1970-03

著者

小池 誠 Makoto Koike

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

国際文化論集 (ISSN:09170219)

巻号頁・発行日

no.29, pp.237-264, 2003-12

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The aim of this paper is to examine the concept of 'house' and 'house societies' whose definition and description was introduced by Claude Levi-Strauss. The concept of the house as a social group was elaborated by him while anthropologists were concerned with the material and symbolic aspects of houses. Levi-Strauss defined the house as 'a moral person' which perpetuates itself through the transmission of its name, its goods, and its titles down a real or imaginary line. I try to review the writings inspired by his ideas on the house, which are problematic and left nagging questions unresolved. He concluded that the house is not a social group delimited by rules of descent or residence. The less rulebound aspect of the house requires the concept of 'strategy' proposed by Bourdieu. The members of a house employ strategies aimed at its perpetuation against the backdrop of collective constraints.

著者

小出 享一 Kyouichi Koide 別府溝部学園短期大学

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学社会学論集 = ST. ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY SOCIOLOGICAL REVIEW (ISSN:02876647)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.1, pp.93-123, 2005-06-15

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The aim of this paper is to show an experiment for deinstitutionalization movement in recent Japanese society. To this purpose, I take note of"AOISHIBA-NO-KAI"which was,is the important handicaped person's organization. This organization played a major role in deinstitutionalization social movement. As I showed in chapter3,"AOISHIBA-NO-KAI"becomes to be known as a radical protest organization of handicaped person in 70's. One of the leaders, Koichi Yokozuka, formulated the ideas of this organization like this: 1. We must recognize ourselves as CP (cerebral paralysis) 2. We must make self-assertion 3. We must deny so-called"love"and so-called"justice" 4. We will choose select any means of problem solution Based on these formulas,"AOISHIBA-NO-KAI"could lead the deinstitutionalization movement in recent Japan.

著者

金 承台[著] 蔵田 雅彦(訳) Sung-tae Kim Masahiko Kurata 桃山学院大学文学部

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学キリスト教論集 = St. Andrew's University Journal of Christian Studies (ISSN:0286973X)

巻号頁・発行日

no.29, pp.87-107, 1993-03-31

著者

田代 昌孝

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学経済経営論集 = St. Andrew's University economic and business review (ISSN:02869721)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.3, pp.33-52, 2017-01-24

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The consumption tax is suitable to collect tax revenue stably. Therefore,the expectation for the consumption tax will be big with public financialaspect. On the other hand, the regressivity of consumption tax burden willbecome serious. It is important that how we make the index of income gapafter consumption taxation. This paper analyzes the degree of regressivitywith bearing consumption tax burden and the method for mitigatingregressivity of consumption tax.Consequently, it could not mitigate regressivity of consumption tax withnon-taxation system of consumption tax containing medical care andeducation, and the value of Gini efficient with it is bigger than the casewithout it. Moreover, it can mitigate regressivity of consumption tax by themethod to evenly balance the revenue of consumption tax of 10% and taxsystem with reducing tax rate for the food. Because the value of Giniefficient with it is smaller. Finally, the limited payment for the low-incomeperson is effective to mitigate regressivity of consumption tax throughdecrease the value of Gini efficient.

著者

金江 亮

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学経済経営論集 = ST.ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS REVIEW (ISSN:02869721)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.4, pp.229-250, 2022-02-17

著者

今澤 浩二

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

人間文化研究 = Journal of Humanities Research,St.Andrew's University (ISSN:21889031)

巻号頁・発行日

no.14, pp.271-305, 2021-03-16

著者

佐藤 一光 吉弘 憲介

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.4, pp.227-252, 2021-03-22

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This paper proposes a money flow analysis to analyze the functioning oflocal government finances, in which transfers and transfers and fiscaladjustment in a region are captured in an integrated manner. Fiscaladjustment can be understood as the inflow and outflow of base money in aregion through taxes and subsidies. The reasons for the need to analyzefiscal adjustment and the regional economy in an integrated manner are: 1)the supply of fiscal services dependent on taxation autonomy may bedetrimental to the sustainability of the regional economy when the right toissue currency is limited, and 2) the development of monetary theory hasled to a shift in the analysis of regional money flows from short-term to Wefind not only an imbalance between supply and demand, but also arecognizable long-term, stable purchasing power, and 3) money flowadjustment in the local economy in FITs other than taxes and subsidies.We first examine the effects of transfers and fiscal adjustment in Japan’sprefectures. We find that the national tax burden undermines regionalpurchasing power, while subsidies support regional purchasing power.However, even after taking into account the effects of these fiscaladjustments, the results revealed significant excess money flow inflows, asin Tokyo, and excess money flow outflows, as observed in somemunicipalities. Although the analysis of money flows, such as commutingand financial transactions, remains inadequate, it confirms that Japan hasan economic structure with sustained or growing regional imbalances.We next analyze the money flows through the FIT in Japan bymunicipality. We found that the FIT has a significant impact on the moneyflows of municipalities, depending on the characteristics of each region,such as the regions with high and low renewable energy penetration, aswell as the regions with high and low electricity consumption. The inflowand outflow of money flows are shown on a map of Japan in order tovisually understand the regional characteristics. In addition, in assessingthe money flows in each municipality, we have represented the balance oftaxable income per capita and money flows in each municipality on themap. It is confirmed, however, that in some cases, depending on theprevalence of renewable energy and other factors, it is working in thedirection of strengthening the economic power gap between regions.Fiscal adjustment is a system of subsidies to local governments, fundedby national taxation, to cover the fiscal needs of a region. However, Japan’scurrent fiscal adjustment system is inadequate to redress regionaleconomic power disparities both in the short and long run. Our analysisshows that the institutional adjustment of interregional economic power,which is not based on taxes and subsidies, has the same function as thefiscal adjustment, and for FIT, we found that the promotion of renewableenergy has a function of interregional economic power adjustment, but it isnot uniform depending on the situation of local resources, etc.

著者

吉弘 憲介

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = ST. ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.3, pp.83-97, 2021-03-22

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The purpose of this paper is to examine the methodology of using Geographical InformationSystem(GIS)for the analysis of local government finance.In recent years, policy research using GIS has increased due to the free availability of GISsoftware. However, very few studies in the field of local government finance in Japan utilizingGIS have been conducted so far.Therefore, this paper presents three specific examples of analysis using GIS concerning issues in local government finance theory.The first is a spatial analysis of intergovernmental fiscal relations using coropleth maps. Ishowed how to visually confirm the adjacency and spatial concentration of policy choices, whichcannot be handled by ordinary vector data.Second, I presented a method of analyzing the classification of administrative districts in policy analysis based on geographic concentration rather than city divisions.Third, I presented a method for quantitatively confirming the spatial concentration of a particular class or administrative demand applying Tobler’s first law of geography.

著者

村上 あかね

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = ST. ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.3, pp.1-14, 2020-03-10

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The aim of this paper is to explain how to apply for microdata provided by Eurostat.Comparative studies using microdata of official statistics contribute to understanding oursocieties. Official statistics as public goods are significant not only for decision-making andevaluation purposes, but also for scientific purposes through academic research. The applicationprocedure comprises two steps. The outcome of Step 1 is for a research organization to berecognized as a research entity. Important factors in Step 1 are the eligibility and responsibilitiesof the research entity ; the main purpose of an organization; providing evidence of researchpublication; independence and autonomy in formulating scientific conclusions ; and adequate datasecurity safeguards, including accessing confidential data only for the agreed-upon purposes andguaranteeing the physical security of the data. Once Eurostat have recognized the organization asa research entity, researchers can apply for access to microdata. Important factors to consider inStep 2 are the purpose of the research proposal ; safekeeping of the data ; and intermediate andfinal results for assuring anonymity of the respondents.

著者

高橋 ひとみ Hitomi Takahashi 桃山学院大学法学部

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = ST.ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.2, pp.1-11, 2004-12-20

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Many children in Japan today do not know how to grasp a pencil or use chopsticks properly. Improper pencil grasp and chopstick usage may have a negative impact on one's studying and eating posture. In addition, improper posture potentially leads to poor eyesight. This survey was conducted to examine how pencil grasp and chopstick usage may affect the seated posture among children with the aim of putting a stop to the increasing number of children with poor eyesight. Of all the children surveyed, approximately 30% improperly grasped pencils while approximately 25% improperly used chopsticks. The survey result shows that pencil grasp and chopstick usage are associated with studying (seated) posture. By means of proper pencil grasp and chopstick usage, children were more likely to maintain a distance of 30 cm or more between the eyes and the notebook surface. This is known to impose minimal strain to the eyes. In fact, those children who maintained this optimal posture were less likely to have poor eyesight compared to those who did not. In view of these facts, encouraging efficient pencil grasp and proper chopstick usage among children will contribute to promoting the optimal studying posture that imposes minimal strain on the eyes. Until children are old enough to understand what needs to be done to maintain good eyesight, parents and adults should provide necessary care and support in this respect.

著者

井本 英一 Eiichi Imoto

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学キリスト教論集 (ISSN:0286973X)

巻号頁・発行日

no.40, pp.109-137, 2004

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On New Year's Day Suwa-taisha Shrine has a ritual to make sacrifice of two frogs. Visitors to the Dual Shrines of Ise, Naiku Shrine and Geku Shrine, offer frogs of pottery on the rocky altar by the sea. Pilgrims to Santiago di Compostella have offered votive picture tablets of frog to the temple. Witches would give a dinner party at the night of Walpurgis on the mount Brocken at the beginning of May day.Frogs were main dish then.Witches were goddesses of pre-Christian period. Suwa-taisha's sacred pole with strips of white papers on top, Ise shrine's center pole with various color strips on top, and May pole with various color strips down from top are totem poles. Frogs were representation of ancestors or gods. Frog-shaped lamps of Roman, Coptic or Ethiopic Church were souls of ancestors or gods. Gods or goddesses ate the offering of frogs at the beginning of the year to make themselves resurrect.

著者

深見 純生 Sumio Fukami

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

国際文化論集 (ISSN:09170219)

巻号頁・発行日

no.27, pp.83-104, 2003-03

著者

高 田 里惠子

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

人間文化研究 = Journal of Humanities Research,St.Andrew's University (ISSN:21889031)

巻号頁・発行日

no.13, pp.59-75, 2020-10-08

著者

江藤 隆之

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山法学 = St. Andrew's University Law Review (ISSN:13481312)

巻号頁・発行日

no.30, pp.55-85, 2019-02-21