著者

齋藤 聡子

巻号頁・発行日

2013

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筑波大学博士 (学術) 学位論文・平成25年3月25日授与 (甲第6572号)

著者

藤原 愛子

巻号頁・発行日

2013

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筑波大学博士 (学術) 学位論文・平成25年3月25日授与 (甲第6571号)

著者

村田 周祐

巻号頁・発行日

2012

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筑波大学博士 (学術) 学位論文・平成24年5月31日授与 (甲第6288号)

著者

小野 絵里華

出版者

東京大学大学院総合文化研究科言語情報科学専攻

雑誌

言語情報科学 (ISSN:13478931)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.233-249, 2010-03-01

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本稿では、「第三の新人」作家、安岡章太郎(1920-)の文壇デビュー作「ガラスの靴」(1951年)の作品分析をおこなう。「第三の新人」という呼称が、先の「戦後派」たちの作家に比べ、難解さ・思想性・政治性がないということをさして使われたように、通常、本作品は、占領下という時代状況にも関わらず、私的世界が描かれた、どこか童話的な透明な物語として読まれてきた。しかし、本稿の分析で分かるように、そこには、確固とした、敗戦という現実へのまなざしがあるのであり、主人公は、新しいアメリカという<権威>=「第二の父」のもとで、敗戦国民という屈辱感を全面的に抱いていることが分かる。そこには、江藤淳が1970年の論考で、対米依存型の日本社会を「「ごっこ」の世界」として捉えた事態が、まさに<私>のレベルで演じられているといえる。

著者

田中 まさき

出版者

東京大学大学院人文社会系研究科スラヴ語スラヴ文学研究室

雑誌

Slavistika : 東京大学大学院人文社会系研究科スラヴ語スラヴ文学研究室年報

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, pp.63-86, 2010-02-28

著者

安田 豊

出版者

京都大学

巻号頁・発行日

1984-01-23

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新制・論文博士

著者

Ichikawa Masao Inada Haruhiko Kumeji Minae

出版者

Elsevier

雑誌

Journal of affective disorders (ISSN:01650327)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.152-154, pp.183-185, 2014-01

被引用文献数

14 8

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BackgroundA recent preliminary communication suggested that the calming effect of blue lights installed at the ends of railway platforms in Japan reduced suicides by 84%. This estimate is potentially misleading from an epidemiological point of view and is reconsidered in the present study.MethodsGovernmental data listing all railway suicide attempts in Japan from April 2002 to March 2012 were used to investigate the proportion of suicide attempts within station premises, where blue lights are potentially installed, and at night, when they would be lit. For those suicide attempts within station premises, we also estimated the proportion that occurred at the ends of the platforms at night.ResultsOf 5841 total reported suicide attempts, 43% occurred within the station premises, 43% occurred at night (from 18:00 to 05:59), and 14% occurred both within the station premises and at night. Of the 2535 attempts within station premises, 32% occurred at night and 28% at most were at the end of a platform at night.LimitationsThe exact proportion of nighttime suicide attempts at the ends of railway platforms was not calculable. Nonetheless, the proportion of suicide attempts that is potentially preventable by blue lights should be less than our conservative estimate.ConclusionsThe installation of blue lights on platforms, even were they to have some effect in preventing railway suicides at night, would have a much smaller impact than previously estimated.

著者

Takibuchi Gaku Imanishi Hirotake Morimoto Mami Ishikawa Kaori Nakada Kazuto Toyama-Sorimachi Noriko Kikkawa Yoshiaki Takenaga Keizo Hayashi Jun-Ichi

出版者

Elsevier Science

雑誌

Mitochondrion (ISSN:15677249)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.6, pp.881-887, 2013-11

被引用文献数

8 2

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To examine whether polymorphic mtDNA mutations that do not induce significant respiration defects regulate phenotypes of tumor cells, we used mouse transmitochondrial tumor cells (cybrids) with nuclear DNA from C57BL/6 (B6) strain and mtDNA from allogenic C3H strain. The results showed that polymorphic mutations of C3H mtDNA in the cybrids induced hypoxia sensitivity, resulting in a delay of tumor formation on their subcutaneous inoculation into B6 mice. Therefore, the effects of polymorphic mutations in normal mtDNA have to be carefully considered, particularly when we apply the gene therapy to the embryos to replace their pathogenic mtDNA by normal mtDNA.

著者

Katanuma I. Sato S. Okuyama Y. Kato S. Kubota R.

出版者

American Institute of Physics

雑誌

Physics of plasmas (ISSN:1070664X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.11, pp.112107, 2013-11

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A particle simulation of an interchange instability was performed by taking into account the ion finite Larmor radius (FLR) effects. It is found that the interchange instability with large FLR grows in two phases, that is, linearly growing phase and the nonlinear phase subsequent to the linear phase, where the instability grows exponentially in both phases. The linear growth rates observed in the simulation agree well with the theoretical calculation. The effects of FLR are usually taken in the fluid simulation through the gyroviscosity, the effects of which are verified in the particle simulation with large FLR regime. The gyroviscous cancellation phenomenon observed in the particle simulation causes the drifts in the direction of ion diamagnetic drifts.

著者

Wang Shenghao Sakurai Takeaki Hao Xia Fu Wei Masuda Shigeru Akimoto Katsuhiro

出版者

American Institute of Physics

雑誌

Journal of applied physics (ISSN:00218979)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.114, no.18, pp.183707, 2013-11

被引用文献数

8 2

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To clarify the role of buffer layer in organic solar cells (OSCs), the electronic properties of bathocuproine (BCP)/Mg interface were systematically investigated by using ultraviolet photoemissions spectroscopy, high-resolution X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, angle-resolved X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. The results show there are gap states at the interface, which are caused by the interaction between BCP and Mg. The formation of Mg-N bond was found at the interface. The NEXAFS measurements show that BCP molecules for 1-2 monolayers are lying-down on the substrate, whereas orient randomly for thick BCP layer. It was supposed that the gap states and the highly-ordered orientation of thin BCP layer are the reasons for improving the performance of OSC with BCP buffer layer and low work function metal cathode.

著者

Sasaki Go Ishiwata Keisuke Machida Ryuichiro Miyata Takashi Su Zhi-Hui

出版者

BioMed Centra

雑誌

BMC evolutionary biology

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.236, 2013-10

被引用文献数

35

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BackgroundMolecular phylogenetic analyses have revealed that Hexapoda and Crustacea form a common clade (the Pancrustacea), which is now widely accepted among zoologists; however, the origin of Hexapoda remains unresolved. The main problems are the unclear relationships among the basal hexapod lineages, Protura (proturans), Collembola (springtails), Diplura (diplurans), and Ectognatha (bristletails, silverfishes, and all winged insects). Mitogenomic analyses have challenged hexapod monophyly and suggested the reciprocal paraphyly of Hexapoda and Crustacea, whereas studies based on nuclear molecular data support the monophyletic origin of hexapods. Additionally, there are significant discrepancies with respect to these issues between the results of morphological and molecular studies. To investigate these problems, we performed phylogenetic analyses of Pancrustacea based on the protein sequences of three orthologous nuclear genes encoding the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase delta and the largest and second largest subunits of RNA polymerase II from 64 species of arthropods, including representatives of all hexapod orders.ResultsPhylogenetic analyses were conducted based on the inferred amino acid (aa) sequences (~3400 aa in total) of the three genes using the maximum likelihood (ML) method and Bayesian inference. Analyses were also performed with additional datasets generated by excluding long-branch taxa or by using different outgroups. These analyses all yielded essentially the same results. All hexapods were clustered into a common clade, with Branchiopoda as its sister lineage, whereas Crustacea was paraphyletic. Within Hexapoda, the lineages Ectognatha, Palaeoptera, Neoptera, Polyneoptera, and Holometabola were each confirmed to be monophyletic with robust support, but monophyly was not supported for Entognatha (Protura + Collembola + Diplura), Ellipura (Protura + Collembola), or Nonoculata (Protura + Diplura). Instead, our results showed that Protura is the sister lineage to all other hexapods and that Diplura or Diplura + Collembola is closely related to Ectognatha.ConclusionThis is the first study to include all hexapod orders in a phylogenetic analysis using multiple nuclear protein-coding genes to investigate the phylogeny of Hexapoda, with an emphasis on Entognatha. The results strongly support the monophyletic origin of hexapods but reject the monophyly of Entognatha, Ellipura, and Nonoculata. Our results provided the first molecular evidence in support of Protura as the sister group to other hexapods. These findings are expected to provide additional insights into the origin of hexapods and the processes involved in the adaptation of insects to life on land.

著者

小島 立

出版者

北海道大学グローバルCOEプログラム「多元分散型統御を目指す新世代法政策学」事務局, 北海道大学情報法政策学研究センター

雑誌

知的財産法政策学研究 (ISSN:18802982)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, pp.259-281, 2011-03

著者

ファルトゥシナヤ エカテリーナ

出版者

北海道大学大学院文学研究科

雑誌

研究論集 (ISSN:13470132)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, pp.49-67, 2010-12-24

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外国文学と比較した際に顕著となる日本文学の特徴として、エッセーというジャンルが盛んであることと、早い段階に女性作家が登場し、今日まで一定の地位を保ち続けていることが挙げられる。本論文では、日本の女性作家のエッセーにおけるモノの描写に着目し、モノの描写がとりわけ顕著に見られるふたりの女性作家、幸田文と向田邦子を取り上げる。ふたりの作家のモノに対する関わりを分析することで、昭和の女性作家のエッセーの特質となる共通点を明らかにし、さらにふたりの相違点にも注目したい。 幸田文の作品からは『かけら』、『髪』、『雛』を取り上げる。向田邦子については、エッセー集「父の詫び状」から『子どもたちの夜』、『ねずみ花火』、『卵とわたし』、『隣りの神様』を取り上げる。

著者

江副 亮介

出版者

新領域創成科学研究科 環境学研究系 人間環境学専攻

巻号頁・発行日

2008-03-24

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報告番号: ; 学位授与年月日: 2008-03-24 ; 学位の種別: 修士 ; 学位の種類: 修士(環境学) ; 学位記番号: 修創域第2644号 ; 研究科・専攻: 新領域創成科学研究科人間環境学専攻

著者

中田 寿夫 今林 裕 山下 雅史

出版者

京都大学数理解析研究所

雑誌

数理解析研究所講究録 (ISSN:18802818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1093, pp.236-241, 1999-04

著者

OKADA Maki KUSAKA Hiroyuki

出版者

Society of Agricultural Meteorology of Japan

雑誌

Journal of agricultural meteorology (ISSN:00218588)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.1, pp.23-32, 2013-04

被引用文献数

24

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Globe temperature is one element of the heat stress index, the Wet Bulb Globe Temperature, which is used to evaluate how radiation adds to thermal discomfort in the workplace. As the measurement of globe temperature is not standardized, empirical equations were introduced to estimate the globe temperature from weather factors, including air temperature, solar radiation and wind speed. As it was not known whether these equations were applicable in an urban park environment with vegetation, we observed the globe temperature using a set of instruments in three parks. The observation along with the heat balance analysis of the globe revealed that the globe temperature depended curvilinearly on solar radiation and that wind speed influenced this dependence. We compared two previously proposed empirical equations to the observed globe temperature and found both equations had systematic estimation errors. Although the errors were reduced by fitting the equations to the observed data and reevaluating their numerical constants, the equations still had shortcomings, as one did not consider wind speed and the other included a discontinuity. We therefore derived a new equation based on the heat balance equations of the globe with its numerical constants experimentally determined. This equation was able to predict the curvilinear dependence of the globe temperature on global solar radiation without any discontinuity, and it also showed the globe temperature response to wind speed.

著者

松下 孝昭

出版者

京都大学

巻号頁・発行日

2005-01-24

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新制・論文博士

著者

加藤 集平

出版者

東京大学大学院情報理工学系研究科電子情報学専攻

巻号頁・発行日

2013-03-25

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報告番号: ; 学位授与日: 2013-03-25 ; 学位の種別: 修士 ; 学位の種類: 修士(情報理工学) ; 学位記番号: ; 研究科・専攻: 情報理工学系研究科・電子情報学専攻

著者

Yoshida Kazushi

出版者

東京大学大学院理学系研究科生物化学専攻

巻号頁・発行日

2013-03-25

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報告番号: ; 学位授与年月日: 2013-03-25 ; 学位の種別: 課程博士 ; 学位の種類: 博士(理学) ; 学位記番号: ; 研究科・専攻: 理学系研究科生物化学専攻

著者

岡林 希依 オカバヤシ キエ

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