著者

Daiki Kaito Kazuki Matsumura Ryo Yamamoto

出版者

The Keio Journal of Medicine

雑誌

The Keio Journal of Medicine (ISSN:00229717)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2020-0011-OA, (Released:2020-08-22)

参考文献数

83

被引用文献数

9

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In late March 2020, we faced a nosocomial outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) at Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. Presently, COVID-19 is an unprecedented worldwide biohazard, and a nosocomial outbreak can occur in any hospital at any time. Therefore, we reviewed the literature regarding hospital preparedness, the initial management of COVID-19, and the surveillance of healthcare workers (HCWs) to find information that would be generally useful for physicians when confronted with COVID-19. In terms of hospital preparedness, each hospital should develop an incident management system and establish a designated multidisciplinary medical team. To initiate case management, COVID-19 should be suspected based on patient symptoms and/or high-risk history and then should be confirmed by viral testing, such as reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. Although some patients will become critically ill, the guidelines for respiratory failure and septic shock for non-COVID-19 cases can be followed for supportive treatment. Antiviral medications should be carefully selected because the available information is confused by the large volume of preprint literature and unreliable data. HCWs who have come into contact with patients with COVID-19 can generate new in-hospital clusters of COVID-19 cases. Quarantine following contact tracking with risk stratification is effective in preventing transmission, and the essentials of medical surveillance include monitoring different types of symptoms, delegation of supervision, and continuation of surveillance regardless of the RT-PCR results. Preparation for COVID-19 is recommended before the first COVID-19 case is encountered.

著者

山室軍平 著

出版者

救世軍日本本営

巻号頁・発行日

1906

著者

大蔵省印刷局 [編]

出版者

日本マイクロ写真

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1934年05月17日, 1934-05-17

著者

磯村春子 著

出版者

文明堂

巻号頁・発行日

1913

著者

土井 晩翠[作詞]

出版者

コロムビア(戦前)

巻号頁・発行日

1932-03

著者

佐瀬与次右衛門 著

出版者

伊藤書店

巻号頁・発行日

1944

著者

松川 正樹

出版者

PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

日本古生物学會報告・紀事 新編 (ISSN:00310204)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1987, no.148, pp.346-359, 1987-12-30 (Released:2010-05-25)

参考文献数

30

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銚子地域のバレミアン君ヶ浜層から産出したアンキロセラス科に属する異常巻アンモナイト1種を識別してKarsteniceras obataiと命名, 新種として記載した。そして, その成長初期の殼の内部構造と既に報告されている異常巻アンモナイトのそれもあわせて, 超科より高次の段階の分類と系統を議論した。この新種は, Karsteniceras asiaticum (Yabe et Shimizu)に類似する。しかし, その成長中期の段階の殼で, 腹部の肩の位置にある肋に頑丈な疣をもつこと, 成長後期で, 数多くの繊細な条線をもつことで区別される。両種は, 同一の祖先から派生したものと考えられる。準模式標本の一つで成長初期殼の内部構造が観察される。そのうち連室細管の位置に注目すると, 異常巻アンモナイトでも, それが腹部側にあるものと中央に位置するものと二つのタイプに区分できる。これは, 正常巻アンモナイトがその二つのタイプからなるのと同様に, 異常巻アンモナイトが多系統であるとする一つの論拠を示していると考えられる。

著者

片山 正彦

出版者

大阪歴史学会

雑誌

ヒストリア = Historia : journal of Osaka Historical Association (ISSN:04392787)

巻号頁・発行日

no.280, pp.65-71, 2020-06

著者

Kazuo DAN

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.10, pp.1025-1026, 2005 (Released:2005-11-18)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

44 58 32

著者

吉田 昌郎

出版者

一般社団法人日本機械学会

雑誌

年次大会講演資料集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2008, no.9, pp.155-156, 2008-08-02

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昨年7月16日に起こった新潟県中越沖地震において東京電力(株)柏崎刈羽原子力発電所(7基、合計電気出力821.2万kw、1号基運転開始1985年9月)では当初の設計時に想定した値を上回る加速度が観察された。運転中の原子炉は瞬時に停止し、以来安全な状態に保たれ、復旧への努力が地道に続けられている。「止める、冷やす、閉じ込める」の視点からの安全性の確保及び発電所敷地内設備への影響について地震後の点検結果等も含めて具体的に紹介する。また、今後の復旧に向けた取り組みについての現状を説明する。

著者

神谷 研二

出版者

公益社団法人日本放射線技術学会

雑誌

日本放射線技術學會雜誌 (ISSN:03694305)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.4, pp.528-534, 1994-04-01

出版者

小学館

巻号頁・発行日

1987

著者

新中 新二 佐野 公亮

出版者

一般社団法人 電気学会

雑誌

電気学会論文誌D(産業応用部門誌) (ISSN:09136339)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.127, no.9, pp.950-961, 2007-09-01 (Released:2007-09-05)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

12 8

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This paper presents a new unified analysis of estimate errors by model-matching phase-estimation methods such as rotor-flux state-observers, back EMF state-observers, and back EMF disturbance-observers, for sensorless drive of permanent-magnet synchronous motors. Analytical solutions about estimate errors, whose validity is confirmed by numerical experiments, are rich in universality and applicability. As an example of universality and applicability, a new trajectory-oriented vector control method is proposed, which can realize directly quasi-optimal strategy minimizing total losses with no additional computational loads by simply orienting one of vector-control coordinates to the associated quasi-optimal trajectory. The coordinate orientation rule, which is analytically derived, is surprisingly simple. Consequently the trajectory-oriented vector control method can be applied to a number of conventional vector control systems using one of the model-matching phase-estimation methods.

著者

張 仲葛 李 錦〓 張 暁嵐

出版者

日本養豚学会

雑誌

日本養豚学会誌 (ISSN:0913882X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.1, pp.1-10, 1993-03-15 (Released:2011-06-08)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

2 1

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Pig raising has a long history in China. As early as about 6000-9000 years ago, local wild boars had been domesticated by the Chinese. The ancient Chinese people also paid great attention to selective breeding. In the Han Dynasty the superiority of Chinese pigs were known at home and abroad. During the Han Dynasty the small-ear pig in Southern China was introduced into Dachin Country (Roman Empire) to be bred into the ancient Roman pig. Up to the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the Chinese pig (Guangdong pig varietry) was introduced into the western countries such as the Great Britain and the USA. Since then it played an important role in the improvement of pig varieties in these countries.In recent years, due to the shortage of pig variety resources, some countries with developed pig industry have paid great attention to the Chinese pig varieties with high reproductivity and introduced them for crossbreeding. The results have been encouraging. And researches have been carried out in France, Britain, Japan and the Netherlands using Chines pigs to improve the reproductivity of pig varieties in these countries.World wide attension has been focused on the excellent characters of Chinese pigs and the breeding and management technology. They are the precious wealth of the whole mankind. We are thus expecting a glorious future.

著者

大蔵省印刷局 [編]

出版者

日本マイクロ写真

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1905年09月29日, 1905-09-29

著者

鈴木 誠

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

人類學雜誌 (ISSN:00035505)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.6, pp.225-233, 1955-02-28 (Released:2008-02-26)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

1 2

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We Know that the palmaris longus muscle is one of the most valiable muscles in the human body. It is frequently absent on one or both sides and there areracial differences in the parcentage of absence of this muscle.The stadies of this muscle in the living subjects are the most frequent, because of its easy accessibility to examination.On the cadavers of Japanese several works have appeared, but so far as I have been able to ascertain, there appear to be no reference to work done by thesame method on living subjects.As to method, it is sufficient to state that this relates only to the closed fist of the studied individual who was asked to flex his hand at the wrist with light opposition by the examiner. The tendon of the flexor carpi radialis thus appears clearly on the lateral side, while if it is present, that of the palmaris longus is in a medial position.The author carried out examinations on about 500 (417 males and 116 females) adult subjects of living Japanese and hereditary research on 9 families.The results of this study are tabulated as follows :On one or both sides, the frequency of absence in persons is 5.5% in males and 9.5% in females. The percentage of absence in all arms examined is 3.6%. in vales and 6.0% in females. In the sexual difference the frequency of absence occurs pore often in females than in males.The palmaris longus muscle is lacking more often from the right side than from the left.In many races absence of the muscle more frequently occurs than has been noted among the Japanese among whom it is low and in this respect there are few discrepancies between results of this study and earlier reports on thee cadavers.I believe that the absence of this muscle is a dominant hereditary trait.

著者

[三条西実隆 著]

出版者

大洋社

巻号頁・発行日

vol.卷五, 1941

著者

東郷 平八郎[閣下]

出版者

コロムビア(戦前)

著者

清水孝教 (橘村) 編

出版者

日高有倫堂

巻号頁・発行日

vol.本編, 1912

著者

佐々木 宣介 飯田 弘之

出版者

情報処理学会

雑誌

情報処理学会論文誌 (ISSN:18827764)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.10, pp.2990-2997, 2002-10-15

被引用文献数

6

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本研究では,ゲームのルール変遷の根底にあるゲームの性質の変化に着目し,将棋の歴史的変種を比較する.最初に,ゲームの性質に関する比較を行うための2つの指標を提案する.これらの指標はそれぞれ,ゲームの面白さとゲームの決定複雑性を表すもので,平均可能手数,平均終了手数に基づいて算出される.すでに廃れてしまった将棋種に関しては,コンピュータプレイヤを用意し,それらのデータを採取した.本研究で用いたコンピュータプログラムは駒価値をベースにした評価関数を持ち,先読み探索を行う.各将棋種に対して駒価値を自動学習するために,Temporal Difference学習法を適用した自動対戦の実験を行い,各将棋種に対するデータを採取し,比較を行った.重要な知見として,大駒付加よりも持ち駒使用ルールがルール変遷の過程でより大きなインパクトを与えていること,そして,あまり難しくなりすぎないようにルールが洗練されてきたことが分かった.This study explores how the evolutionary changes of the rules affect the characteristics of the games in the Shogi species from the viewpoint of evolutionary selection.For this purpose,we propose two measures based on the average number of possible moves and the average game length:(1) measure for entertainment, and (2) measure for decision complexity.For games where no grandmaster games are available, the statistics of specific features,such as the average number of possible moves and the average game length,are obtained by the method of self-play experiments.Then we made computer programs that performed lookahead search using an evaluation function based simply on piece-material balance.To obtain the appropriate piece values of Shogi variants,we apply Temporal Difference Learning method.Based on the data obtained by the above self-play experiments,Shogi variants including the modern Shogi and ancient Shogi variants are analyzed and compared.Through the analysis,we observed that the inclusion of the reuse rule was more important step than the inclusion of the major pieces in the course of evolutionary changes from Heian Shogi toward modern Shogi.We believe that the proposed measures are useful tools for building a genealogical tree of chess-like games.