著者
市野 順子 田野 俊一
出版者
一般社団法人 人工知能学会
雑誌
人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.25, no.3, pp.504-513, 2010 (Released:2010-04-13)
参考文献数
39
被引用文献数
1

In this study, we investigated the relationship between phases of meeting and non-verbal speech information. We considered that conversations at the meeting must show information to phases of the meeting as non-verbal features. We attempted to discriminate between the divergence phase and the convergence phase by the decision tree method using only non-verbal speech information. We performed an experiment with a group task based on a modification of the game Twenty-Questions and recorded participants' speech data. In a discrimination test, we used the recorded speech, and defined non-verbal speech features such as switching pauses (i.e. silent intervals between the utterance of two speakers), frequency for each turn-taking pattern and duration. We conducted the two discrimination tests for using parameters with friends group, with strangers group and with both groups. From the results, the accuracy of the open test is 77.3%, 85.2% and 77.3%, respectively. Taking into account only non-verbal speech information was used, we consider these results to be fairly good.
著者
竹内 誉羽 庄野 修 辻野 広司
出版者
一般社団法人 人工知能学会
雑誌
人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.27, no.2, pp.92-102, 2012 (Released:2012-02-10)
参考文献数
23

Future robots/agents will perform situated behaviors for each user. Flexible behavioral learning is required for coping with diverse and unexpected users' situations. Unexpected situations are usually not tractable for machine learning systems that are designed for pre-defined problems. In order to realize such a flexible learning system, we were trying to create a learning model that can function in several different kinds of state transitions without specific adjustments for each transition as a first step. We constructed a modular neural network model based on reinforcement learning. We expected that combining a modular architecture with neural networks could accelerate the learning speed of neural networks. The inputs of our neural network model always include not only observed states but also memory information for any transition. In pure Markov decision processes, memory information is not necessary, rather it can lead to lower performance. On the other hand, partially observable conditions require memory information to select proper actions. We demonstrated that the new learning model could actually learn those multiple kinds of state transitions with the same architectures and parameters, and without pre-designed models of environments. This paper describes the performances of constructed models using probabilistically fluctuated Markov decision processes including partially observable conditions. In the test transitions, the observed state probabilistically fluctuated. The new learning model could function in those complex transitions. In addition, the learning speeds of our model are comparable to a reinforcement learning algorithm implemented with a pre-defined and optimized table-representation of states.
著者
後藤 真孝 緒方 淳 江渡 浩一郎
出版者
The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence
雑誌
人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.25, no.1, pp.104-113, 2010
被引用文献数
2 1

In this paper, we describe a public web service, <EM>``PodCastle''</EM>, that provides full-text searching of speech data (Japanese podcasts) on the basis of automatic speech recognition technologies. This is an instance of our research approach, <EM>``Speech Recognition Research 2.0''</EM>, which is aimed at providing users with a web service based on Web 2.0 so that they can experience state-of-the-art speech recognition performance, and at promoting speech recognition technologies in cooperation with anonymous users. PodCastle enables users to find podcasts that include a search term, read full texts of their recognition results, and easily correct recognition errors by simply selecting from a list of candidates. Even if a state-of-the-art speech recognizer is used to recognize podcasts on the web, a number of errors will naturally occur. PodCastle therefore encourages users to cooperate by correcting these errors so that those podcasts can be searched more reliably. Furthermore, using the resulting corrections to train the speech recognizer, it implements a mechanism whereby the speech recognition performance is gradually improved. Our experience with this web service showed that user contributions we collected actually improved the performance of PodCastle.
著者
山田 誠二 村瀬 文彦
出版者
一般社団法人 人工知能学会
雑誌
人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.16, no.1, pp.46-54, 2001 (Released:2002-02-28)
参考文献数
12

In this paper, we develop an organization method of page information agents for adaptive interface between a user and a Web search engine. Though a Web search engine indicates a hit list of Web pages to user’s query using a large database, they includes many useless ones. Thus a user has to select useful Web pages from them with page information indicated on the hit list, and actually fetch the Web page for investigating the relevance. Unfortunately, since the page information on a hit list is neither sufficient nor necessary for a user, the adequate information is necessary for valid selection. However which information is adequate depends on a user and a task. Hence we propose adaptive interface AOAI in which different page information agents are organized through man-machine interaction. In AOAI, the page information agents indicating different page information on a hit list like the file-size, network traffic and a page title are prepared at first. A user evaluates them through searching with a search engine, and the agents are organized based on the evaluation. As results, different organizations are achieved depending on a user and a task. Finally we make experiments with subjects and find out AOAI is promising for adaptive interface between a user and a search engine.
著者
飯島 勝矢 亀山 祐美 秋下 雅弘 大内 尉義 柳元 伸太郎 今井 靖 矢作 直樹 ロペズ ギヨーム 酒造 正樹 山田 一郎
出版者
一般社団法人 人工知能学会
雑誌
人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.27, no.2, pp.40-45, 2012 (Released:2012-02-01)
参考文献数
7
被引用文献数
1 1

An increase in short-term blood pressure (BP) variability is a characteristic feature in the elderly. It makes the management of hemodynamics more difficult, because it is frequently seen disturbed baro-reflex function and increased arterial stiffness, leading to isolated systolic hypertension. Large BP variability aggravates hypertensive target organ damage and is an independent risk factor for the cardiovascular (CV) events in elderly hypertensive patients. Therefore, appropriate control in BP is indispensable to manage lifestyle-related diseases and to prevent subsequent CV events. In addition, accumulating recent reports show that excessive BP variability is also associated with a decline in cognitive function and fall in the elderly. In the clinical settings, we usually evaluate their health condition, mainly with single point BP measurement using cuff inflation. However, unfortunately we are not able to find the close changes in BP by the traditional way. Here, we can show our advantageous approach of continuous BP monitoring using newly developing device `wearable BP sensing' without a cuff stress in the elderly. The new device could reflect systolic BP and its detailed changes, in consistent with cuff-based BP measurement. Our new challenge suggests new possibility of its clinical application with high accuracy.
著者
松尾 豊 MATSUO Yutaka 安田 雪 YASUDA Yuki
出版者
人工知能学会
巻号頁・発行日
2007-11-01

Our purpose here is to (1) investigate the structure of the personal networks developed on mixi, a Japanese social networking service (SNS), and (2) to consider the governing mechanism which guides participants of a SNS to form an aggregate network. Our findings are as follows:the clustering coefficient of the network is as high as 0.33 while the characteristic path lenght is as low as 5.5. A network among central users (over 300 edges) consist of two cliques, which seems to be very fragile. Community-affiliation network suggests there are several easy-entry communities which later lead users to more high-entry, unique-theme communities. The analysis on connectedness within a community reveals the importance of real-world interaction. Lastly, we depict a probable image of the entire ecology on mixi among users and communities, which contributes broadly to social systems on the Web.
著者
西山 莉紗 竹内 広宜 渡辺 日出雄 那須川 哲哉
出版者
The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence
雑誌
人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.24, no.6, pp.541-548, 2009
被引用文献数
1 2

It is important for R&D managers, consultants, and other people seeking broad knowledge in technology fields to survey technical literature such as research papers, white papers, and technology news articles. One of the important kinds of information for those people regards the effectiveness of new technologies in their own businesses. General search engines are good at selecting documents revealing the details of a specific technology or a technology field, but it is hard to obtain useful information about how a technology will apply to individual business cases from such search results. There is a need for a technology survey assistance tool that helps users find technologies with suitable capabilities. In this paper, two technical tasks were tackled to develop the prototype of this assistance tool: Extraction of advantage phrases and scoring for the advantage phrases to find novel applications in the target technology field. We describe a new method to identify advantage phrases in technical documents and our scoring function that gives higher scores to novel applications of the technology. The results of evaluations showed our phrase identification method with only a few phrasal patterns performs almost as well as human annotators, and the proposed scoring conforms better to the decisions made by professionals than random sort.
著者
石垣 司 竹中 毅 本村 陽一
出版者
一般社団法人 人工知能学会
雑誌
人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.26, no.6, pp.670-681, 2011 (Released:2011-10-12)
参考文献数
48
被引用文献数
8 13

This paper describes a computational customer behavior modeling by Bayesian network with an appropriate category. Categories are generated by a heterogeneous data fusion using an ID-POS data and customer's questionnaire responses with respect to their lifestyle. We propose a latent class model that is an extension of PLSI model. In the proposed model, customers and items are classified probabilistically into some latent lifestyle categories and latent item category. We show that the performance of the proposed model is superior to that of the k-means and PLSI in terms of category mining. We produce a Bayesian network model including the customer and item categories, situations and conditions of purchases. Based on that network structure, we can systematically identify useful knowledge for use in sustainable services. In the retail service, knowledge management with point of sales data mining is integral to maintaining and improving productivity. This method provides useful knowledge based on the ID-POS data for efficient customer relationship management and can be applicable for other service industries. This method is applicable for marketing support, service modeling, and decision making in various business fields, including retail services.
著者
木村 泰知 渋木 英潔 高丸 圭一 乙武 北斗 小林 哲郎 森 辰則
出版者
一般社団法人 人工知能学会
雑誌
人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.26, no.5, pp.580-593, 2011 (Released:2011-07-20)
参考文献数
14
被引用文献数
3

This paper presents an automatic question generation method for a local councilor search system. Our purpose is to provide residents with information about local council activities in an easy-to-understand manner. Our designed system creates a decision tree with leaves that correspond to local councilors in order to clarify the differences in the activities of local councilors using local council minutes as the source. Moreover, our system generates questions for selecting the next branch at each condition in the decision tree. We confirmed experimentally that these questions are appropriate for the selection of branches in the decision tree.
著者
片柳 亮太 菅原 俊治
出版者
一般社団法人 人工知能学会
雑誌
人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.26, no.1, pp.76-85, 2011 (Released:2011-01-06)
参考文献数
8
被引用文献数
1

We propose an effective method of dynamic reorganization using reinforcement learning for the team formation in multi-agent systems (MAS). A task in MAS usually consists of a number of subtasks that require their own resources, and it has to be processed in the appropriate team whose agents have the sufficient resources. The resources required for tasks are often unknown \ extit{a priori} and it is also unknown whether their organization is appropriate to form teams for the given tasks or not. Therefore, their organization should be adopted according to the environment where agents are deployed. In this paper, we investigated how the structures of network and the number of tasks affect team formations of the agents. We will show that the utility and the success of the team formation is deeply affected by depth of the tree structure and number of tasks.
著者
加藤 昇平 鈴木 祐太 小林 朗子 小島 敏昭 伊藤 英則 本間 昭
出版者
一般社団法人 人工知能学会
雑誌
人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.26, no.2, pp.347-352, 2011 (Released:2011-01-06)
参考文献数
15
被引用文献数
3 3

This paper presents a new trial approach to early detection of cognitive impairment in the elderly with the use of speech sound analysis and multivariate statistical technique. In this paper, we focus on the prosodic features from speech sound. Japanese 115 subjects (32 males and 83 females between ages of 38 and 99) participated in this study. We collected speech sound in a few segments of dialogue of HDS-R examination. The segments corresponds to speech sound that is answering for questions on time orientation and number backward count. Firstly, 130 prosodic features have been extracted from each of the speech sounds. These prosodic features consist of spectral and pitch features (53), formant features (56), intensity features (19), and speech rate and response time (2). Secondly, these features are refined by principal component analysis and/or feature selection. Lastly, we have calculated speech prosody-based cognitive impairment rating (SPCIR) by multiple linear regression analysis. The results indicated that there is moderately significant correlation between HDS-R score and synthesis of several selected prosodic features. Consequently, adjusted coefficient of determination R2=0.50 suggests that prosody-based speech sound analysis has possibility to screen the elderly with cognitive impairment.
著者
西原 陽子 大澤 幸生
出版者
一般社団法人 人工知能学会
雑誌
人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.25, no.3, pp.485-493, 2010 (Released:2010-04-09)
参考文献数
20
被引用文献数
3

We have developed a table game named Innovation Game that supports users in thinking up ideas by combining existing products. There are two kinds of players in the Innovation Game, innovators and investors. While the innovators think up ideas and propose them, the investors criticize the ideas and make decisions whether they invest money to the ideas or not. In the Innovation Game, the innovators do not only propose ideas, but also improve the ideas reflecting comments from investors that represent negative impression to the ideas. Although it has been considered that ideas invested much money might be related to negative comments from investors, the relation has not been validated. We analyzed the communications in the Innovation Game. We have found features of communication in which ideas were invested much money. After a proposal of idea by a innovator, investors give negative comments to the innovator. The innovator accepts the negative comments with positive comments and improve their ideas. Finally, the investors satisfy the idea with positive comments and invest much money to them.
著者
松井 宏樹 東条 敏
出版者
人工知能学会
雑誌
人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.20, no.1, pp.36-45, 2005

We propose a multi-agent system which learns intervention policies and evaluates the effect of interventions in an artificial foreign exchange market. Izumi et al. had presented a system called AGEDASI TOF to simulate artificial market, together with a support system for the government to decide foreign exchange policies. However, the system needed to fix the amount of governmental intervention prior to the simulation, and was not realistic. In addition, the interventions in the system did not affect supply and demand of currencies; thus we could not discuss the effect of intervention correctly. First, we improve the system so as to make much of the weights of influential factors. Thereafter, we introduce an intervention agent that has the role of the central bank to stabilize the market. We could show that the agent learned the effective intervention policies through the reinforcement learning, and that the exchange rate converged to a certain extent in the expected range. We could also estimate the amount of intervention, showing the efficacy of signaling. In this model, in order to investigate the aliasing of the perception of the intervention agent, we introduced a pseudo-agent who was supposed to be able to observe all the behaviors of dealer agents; with this super-agent, we discussed the adequate granularity for a market state description.
著者
鈴木 義崇 東条 敏
出版者
人工知能学会
雑誌
人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.19, no.1, pp.57-67, 2004

Belief fusion, instead of AGM belief revision, was first proposed to solve the problem of inconsistency, that arised from repetitive application of the operation when agents' knowledge were amalgamated. In the preceding work of Maynard-Reid II and Shoham, the fusion operator is applied to belief states, which is total preorders over possible worlds which is based on the semantics of belief revision. Moreover, they introduced the pedigreed belief state, which represented multiple sources of belief states, ordered by a credibility ranking. However in the theory, all the sources must be totally ordered and thus applicable area is quite restrictive. In this paper, we realize the fusion operator of multiple agents for partially ordered sources. When we consider such a partial ranking over sources, there is no need to restrict that each agent has total preorders over possible worlds. The preferential model, based on the semantics on nonmonotonic reasoning, allows each agent to have strict partial orders over possible worlds. Especially, such an order is called a preferential relation, that prescribes a world is more plausible than the other. Therefore, we introduce an operation which combines multiple preferential relations of agents. In addition, we show that our operation can properly include the ordinary belief fusion.
著者
池ヶ谷 有希 野口 靖浩 小暮 悟 伊藤 敏彦 小西 達裕 近藤 真 麻生 英樹 高木 朗 伊東 幸宏
出版者
The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence
雑誌
人工知能学会論文誌 = Transactions of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence : AI (ISSN:13460714)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.22, pp.291-310, 2007-11-01
被引用文献数
3

This paper describes how to perform syntactic parsing and semantic analysis in a dialog system. The paper especially deals with how to disambiguate potentially ambiguous sentences using the contextual information. Although syntactic parsing and semantic analysis are often studied independently of each other, correct parsing of a sentence often requires the semantic information on the input and/or the contextual information prior to the input. Accordingly, we merge syntactic parsing with semantic analysis, which enables syntactic parsing taking advantage of the semantic content of an input and its context. One of the biggest problems of semantic analysis is how to interpret dependency structures. We employ a framework for semantic representations that circumvents the problem. Within the framework, the meaning of any predicate is converted into a semantic representation which only permits a single type of predicate: an identifying predicate "aru". The semantic representations are expressed as sets of "attribute-value" pairs, and those semantic representations are stored in the context information. Our system disambiguates syntactic/semantic ambiguities of inputs referring to the attribute-value pairs in the context information. We have experimentally confirmed the effectiveness of our approach; specifically, the experiment confirmed high accuracy of parsing and correctness of generated semantic representations.
著者
小作 浩美 内山 将夫 井佐原 均 河野 恭之 木戸出 正継
出版者
一般社団法人 人工知能学会
雑誌
人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.19, no.4, pp.225-233, 2004 (Released:2004-05-07)
参考文献数
15
被引用文献数
3 4

We have been developed a support system to interactively search certain articles of users' interest on the World Wide Web (WWW) without their hesitating over query choices. Especially we have been implementing an effective application system to enable tourists to easily find special event information of their interest and to enjoy their own tours. This system also enables developers of each system to provide them with the means of easily constructing an initial database and automatically updating it. As events are generally held cyclically, we have assumed events or keywords related to the events will appear in each term. If we can extract keywords that appear cyclically in a corpus including date information, we can obtain event keywords easily. The system can extract event information using the event keywords as queries for WWW information retrieval systems, and update the database automatically. In this paper, we introduce our support system with a focus on a concept to extract event keywords and event information through the appearance of keywords periodically. We found our approach effective by some experiments.
著者
松尾 豊 福田 隼人 石塚 満
出版者
一般社団法人 人工知能学会
雑誌
人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.18, no.4, pp.203-211, 2003 (Released:2003-05-20)
参考文献数
14
被引用文献数
1 1 5

We develop a browsing support system which learns user's interests and highlights keywords based on a user's browsing history. Monitoring the user's access to the Web enables us to detect ``familiar words'' for the user. We extract keywords at the current page, which are relevant to the familiar words, and highlight them. The relevancy is measured by the biases of co-occurrence, called IRM (Interest Relevance Measure). Our system consists of three components; a proxy server which monitors access to the Web, a frequency server which stores frequency of words in the accessed Web pages, and a keyword extraction module. We show the effectiveness of our system by experiments.
著者
平田 紀史 白松 俊 大囿 忠親 新谷 虎松
出版者
一般社団法人 人工知能学会
雑誌
人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.26, no.1, pp.228-236, 2011 (Released:2011-01-06)
参考文献数
14

We propose a system to offer better understanding of news articles on the Web by arranging events. To understand an article, it is necessary to consider background knowledge, details of the article, and meaning of the words. We aim to provide with a better understanding of news articles according to news articles' background by event arrangement. An event arrangement is a graph of related events. We believe that it is difficult to read and understand a topic without knowledge of related events. Arranging events by considering user's interests is necessary to support understanding of the news because each user's interests are different. The system deals with that issue by interaction between user's input and the system output. Processing time and user's interest are important to achieve our goal. The system reduces the processing time by restriction of the processing range using user's input. Event arrangement according to user interest is realized by iterating over states of event presentation and user selection. The experimental results using actual news articles show that the proposed system is effective to detect useful events for understanding news articles.
著者
田中 貴紘 松村 京平 藤田 欣也
出版者
The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence
雑誌
人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.25, no.6, pp.683-693, 2010
被引用文献数
2 2

In this paper, we proposed the user uninterruptibility estimation method based on focused Application-Switching (AS) during PC work for establishing information display timing control scheme with less intelligent activity disturbance for users. At first, we collected and analyzed the PC operation records and the subjective uninterruptibility of users. From the analysis, we selected features in AS timing that affect user uninterruptibility. Then, we provided the estimation method based on co-occurring features that are observed in AS timing, and confirmed the availability of our method.
著者
グェン ミンティ 川村 隆浩 中川 博之 田原 康之 大須賀 昭彦
出版者
一般社団法人 人工知能学会
雑誌
人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.26, no.1, pp.166-178, 2011 (Released:2011-01-06)
参考文献数
31
被引用文献数
2

In our definition, human activity can be expressed by five basic attributes: actor, action, object, time and location. The goal of this paper is describe a method to automatically extract all of the basic attributes and the transition between activities derived from sentences in Japanese web pages. However, previous work had some limitations, such as high setup costs, inability to extract all attributes, limitation on the types of sentences that can be handled, and insufficient consideration interdependency among attributes. To resolve these problems, this paper proposes a novel approach that uses conditional random fields and self-supervised learning. Given a small corpus sample as input, it automatically makes its own training data and a feature model. Based on the feature model, it automatically extracts all of the attributes and the transition between the activities in each sentence retrieved from the Web corpus. This approach treats activity extraction as a sequence labeling problem, and has advantages such as domain-independence, scalability, and does not require any human input. Since it is unnecessary to fix the number of elements in a tuple, this approach can extract all of the basic attributes and the transition between activities by making only a single pass. Additionally, by converting to simpler sentences, the approach can deal with complex sentences retrieved from the Web. In an experiment, this approach achieves high precision (activity: 88.9%, attributes: over 90%, transition: 87.5%).